Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41

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Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41

Boyen 44.jpg
Lineup May 5, 1860
Country coat of arms Kingdom of Prussia
Armed forces Prussian Army
Armed forces army
Branch of service infantry
Type regiment
structure See outline
Insinuation See submission
Location See locations
Tribe list New Prussian infantry regiments
management
Commanders See commanders

The Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5 Ostpreußisches) No. 41 was an infantry joined the Prussian army .

history

List and naming

In 1859 there was a comprehensive restructuring of the Prussian army organization.

The AKO of July 28, 1859 ordered the formation of Landwehr tribe battalions. The 1st Infantry Regiment in Königsberg provided the tribes for the battalions to be formed in Königsberg, Tilsit and Wehlau. On August 10, 1859, the “1. Landwehr Tribe Infantry Regiment ”. The regimental staff remained in Königsberg. The following year, on May 5, 1860, the regiment was transferred to “1. Combined Infantry Regiment "renamed and housed closed in Königsberg. This designation led the regiment until July 4, 1860 from that date sent by AKO the name '5. East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41 ”awarded. In the course of this, the regiment with the “1. East Prussian Grenadier Regiment No. 1 "the" 1. Infantry Brigade ”.

By AKO on January 27, 1889, the association was given the name of the former Minister of War and Field Marshal General Hermann von Boyen as an addition. The regiment was called "Infantry Regiment 'von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41 "until the beginning of January 1919.

Locations and assignments

Garrison Tilsit, barracks in Stolbecker Strasse
Officer's mess in Tilsit

After the establishment of the 1st Landwehr Tribe Infantry Regiment on July 28, 1859, the stationing locations of battalions I. – III. in Konigsberg , Wehlau and Tilsit . From 1860 onwards, all battalions were housed at the Königsberg garrison site.

After the border guard operation from 1863 to 1864, the 1st Battalion relocated to Königsberg. The II. And III. Battalion were ordered to their new location in Pillau. After the end of the mission in October 1864, the regiment was unified in Königsberg.

Locations

  • 1860–1867 Königsberg garrison
  • 1867–1885 Garrison in Königsberg and Memel
  • 1885–1889 Garrison in Königsberg, Tilsit and Memel
  • 1889–1897 Garrison Tilsit, Insterburg and Memel
  • 1897–1918 Garrison Tilsit and Memel

Relocations

  • On December 12, 1864 the relocation of the III. Battalion was ordered to Gumbinnen to replace the 2nd battalion in the infantry regiment "Duke Karl von Mecklenburg-Strelitz" (6th East Prussian) No. 43 , which had previously moved to another operational area. The III. The battalion returned to Königsberg on Jan. 12, 1866.
  • September 1885, relocation of the 2nd Battalion from Königsberg to Tilsit .
  • April 1, 1889, the regimental staff moved into new quarters in Tilsit, the 1st Battalion moved into garrison in Insterburg . The III. Battalion remained in Memel .
  • April 1897, transfer of the 1st battalion stationed in Insterburg to the garrison in Tilsit.

Assignments

  • September 27, 1866, the 5th, 13th and 15th companies were handed over to the Fusilier Regiment “General-Field Marshal Prince Albrecht of Prussia” (Hannoversches) No. 73.
  • April 1, 1881, transfer of the 8th Company to the Danzig Infantry Regiment No. 128.
  • April 1, 1887, transfer of the 10th Company to the 3rd Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 135. The missing companies were promptly replaced.
  • In 1890, the 4th Battalion was transferred to the 5th Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 144 in Metz.
  • April 1, 1897, IV Battalion surrendered to Infantry Regiment No. 146.

Mission history

Border and coastal protection

In the spring of 1863, in the wake of the January riots in eastern Poland to mobilize the positioned in the East German corps. The "5. East Prussian Infantry Regiment (No. 41) ”was used from February 1863 to June 1864 to guard the border in the Thorn area. At the end of June 1864, the order was issued to withdraw from the border guards, and the 1st Battalion moved from the site back to the garrison in Königsberg. While the II. Battalion and the Fusilier Battalion received orders to move to Pillau , with the task of protecting the coast against the Danish ships blocking the Pillau port. In the course of this task, there were isolated shelling of the Danish ships lying in front of Pillau, which, however, remained without any impact. After the end of the German-Danish War , these units also returned to Königsberg.

German War of 1866

After mobilization of the regiment, on June 23, 1866, the 1st Army Corps marched into Bohemia.

During the war against Austria , the regiment was used at the meeting of Trautenau on June 27, 1866 and the battle of Königgrätz on July 3, 1866. At the meeting in Trautenau, the regiment's battalions were involved in the occupation of Trautenau and in the heavy fighting over the strategically important heights. The 1st company occupied the eastern part of the market, the 2nd company advanced against the Galgenberg, the 6th company advanced against the Hopfenberg. The 4th, 7th and 8th Company advanced in the direction of Kapellenberg, where the 7th Company stormed the chapel which was occupied by Austrian soldiers. A tough battle developed inside the chapel. The Austrian Mondel Brigade had to back down. The battalions were able to achieve the removal of the Galgenberg, the Hopfenberg and the Kapellenberg. In the further course of the battle, however, the situation changed in favor of the Austrians. Due to the unfavorable course of the battle, the participating units of the 1st Army Corps had to withdraw from Trautenau under fire protection from their own artillery. In the battle of Königgrätz that followed a few days later, the regiment was used in the heavy fighting for the village of Chlum, in particular for the strategically important town of Rosberitz. Rosberitz was occupied by the retreating Austrian brigades Hertwek, Waldstätten and Abele, the remnants of the 1st Guard Division. At this point in time, the avant-garde of the 1st Army Corps (East Prussian) intervened . The I. and III. Battalion of the "5th East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41 ”started the attack on Rosberitz in cooperation with the“ 1st East Prussian Grenadier Regiment No. 1 Crown Prince ”and the“ East Prussian Jäger Battalion No. 1 ”. The storming was successful, over 3000 Austrian soldiers were taken prisoner. The simultaneous flank attack of the 11th Division contributed to the success of this operation.

After the end of the armed conflict with Austria, the regiment returned to the garrison on September 17, 1866.

1st Army Corps, advance on Trautenau
Meeting of Trautenau, strategically important hills
Battle formation Königgrätz

Insinuation

  • II Army (Crown Prince)
    • I. Army Corps
      • 1st Infantry Division
        • 5th East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41
        • 1st East Prussian Grenadier Regiment No. 1 Crown Prince
        • East Prussian Jäger Battalion No. 1
        • Lithuanian Dragoon Regiment No. 1

Advance on Trautenau

Right side detachment

(under the leadership of Colonel von Koblinksi, marching across Schatzlar and Ober-Altstadt)

  • 1st Squadron of the Lithuanian Dragoon Regiment No. 1
  • I. u. 2nd Battalion of the 5th East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41
  • 4th Company of the East Prussian Jäger Battalion No. 1
  • 2 guns of the 5th 4-pounder battery
Right wing column
  • Most of the avant-garde (led by Major General von Pape)
    • 1., 2. u. 3rd Company of the East Prussian Jäger Battalion No. 1
    • III. Battalion of the Grenadier Regiment No. 1
    • III. Battalion of the East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41.
    • 1st riding battery
    • 2. u. 4th Squadron of the Lithuanian Dragoon Regiment No. 1
    • East Prussian Uhlan Regiment No. 8
    • 4 guns of the 5th 4-pounder battery
losses
  • Officers: one dead
  • Teams: 16 dead
  • Missing: 16

Battle of Königgrätz

Mission history
  • Vanguard, cleaning up the village of Maslowed
  • March to the north end of Chlum (direction point)
  • Fight for the village of Chlum
  • Fight for Rosberitz
losses
  • Officers: 1 dead
  • Teams: 9 dead
  • Missing: 3

Franco-German War 1870/71

Battle of Colombey-Nouilly
Location sketch Metz on Aug. 14, 1870
Battle of St. Quentin 1871

On July 15, 1870, King Wilhelm I ordered the mobilization of the Prussian army.

The regiment was part of the 1st Army Corps, which was under the command of Lieutenant General von Bentheim . As part of the association, the 5th East Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 41 took over, among other things, the cover of the army of enclosing Paris in the north and west. Furthermore, the regiment was used in the battle of Noisseville and was involved in the enclosure and later siege of Metz. In particular, the intervention of the regiment on January 19, 1871 in the Battle of St. Quentin contributed to the battle decision. The attack on the south wing of the French troops, successfully carried out by the regiment, was of great strategic importance for the outcome of the battle.

Insinuation

Battle calendar

(Source: Battle calendar of the Franco-German War 1870/71 , Great General Staff (ed.).)

1870
  • August 14th - Battle of Colombey-Nouilly
  • August 17th - Bombardment of the south-eastern part of Metz
  • August 26th - Skirmish at La Grange aux Bois
  • August 31 to September 1 - Battle of Noisseville
  • September 22nd - Skirmish at Villers l'Orme, Colombey and Mercy le Haut
  • 0October 7th - Battle at Bellvue
  • November 13th to 17th - Mezieres enclosure and observation
    • November 13th - Skirmishes near Warnécourt (1st and 2nd battalions)
  • November 27th - Battle of Amiens
  • December 31 - Battle of Robert le Diable - Orival (3rd, 4th, 8th, 7th, 9th and 12th companies)
1871
  • 0January 4th - Battles at Robert le Diable - Maison Brulet
  • January 10th - Raid at Gainneville
  • January 19 - Battle of St. Quentin
  • January 23 - Bombardment of Landrecies (2nd Battalion)
  • 0March 3 - German army march back

First World War

The regiment was mobilized on August 2, 1914. The regiment joined the 1st Infantry Division under the leadership of Lieutenant General von Conta.

1st East Prussian Grenadier Regiment No. 1 "Kronprinz" and the Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41 together formed the 1st Infantry Brigade under the command of Major General von Trotha . Further units of the brigade were the field artillery regiments 16 and 52, the 3rd Company Pioneer Battalion I and the Uhlan Regiment "Graf zu Dohna" (East Prussian) No. 8 .

The units of the 1st Infantry Division gathered on August 8 and 9, 1914 in the Gumbinnen-Stallupönen area. Already on August 10, 1914, there were battles with enemy cavalry in the area of Uszballen . The regiment took part on the Eastern Front in the Battle of Tannenberg and the battle on the Masurian Lakes. After the advance of Russian troops over the Jablinka- Duklapass line , the regiment was transferred to the battlefield of the southern front in the Carpathians as part of the 1st Infantry Division . The regiment moved on January 11, 1915 with the help of several railroad trains from Thorn via Breslau and Vienna to Munkacz , where it arrived on the morning of January 16. In March, the 3rd Guard Division and the 1st Infantry Division were combined to form the "Corps Bothmer" under the command of General Graf von Bothmer . In the next few months there were numerous enemy contacts in this combat area, which was difficult for man and material. On March 5, 1916, the regiment left this front area due to the transfer order to the western front. After several days by train, the regiment was unloaded a few kilometers east of Metz in Wendel. From here the regiment moved east around Metz. It was then used in the Battle of Verdun. On April 24, the regiment first came into contact with the gas war on the Western Front. Towards evening of the day, the French troops began to occupy the regiment's staging area in the Hardaumont Gorge with gas grenades. The battles for the Fumin Forest followed in May, where the regiment's companies were under constant barrage from the enemy artillery. The foremost positions were completely leveled and numerous soldiers were buried in them. The deployment in June against the French main line of defense on the eastern bank of the Meuse should also be mentioned. At the beginning of August 1916, the regiment left the 1st Infantry Division. In mid-September the regiment joined the newly formed 221st Infantry Division, followed by a period of rest in the area of Mouzon on the Meuse until October 18. From October 20, the deployment on the battlefields on the Somme followed . In the following months the regiment took part in further combat operations on the Western Front.

On November 12, 1918, the regiment left the war zone and marched back to the garrison town of Tilsit, where it arrived on December 21 and was demobilized. The regiment suffered heavy losses during the World War.

Battle calendar

Tannenberg 1914
II. Replacement Battalion No. 41, Memel
Completion of training in III. Battalion 1916
12th company in position in the Argonne in 1916, presentation of the nocturnal rat hunt
Gas attack on the western front, reporting dogs are sent to the rear area.
  1. (Source: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in World Wars 1914–1918. )
  2. (Source: I. Official compilation of the battles and skirmishes of Infantry Regiment No. 41 )
1914
  • August 10th - Battle at Uszballen
  • August 11th - Battle at Stallupönen
  • August 12th - Battle of Bildweitschen
  • August 15 - Battle of Kibarty
  • August 17th - Battle of Bildweitschen
  • August 20-21 - Battle of Gumbinnen
  • 23 August to 01 September - Battle of Tannenberg
  • 0September 5th to 15th - Battle of the Masurian Lakes
  • September 24-30 - Battle of the Nyemen
  • 0October 1st to 02nd - battle near Suwałki
  • 0October 3 to 0November 5 - trench warfare near Grajewo-Wizajny
    • 0Bis 4. 07. Oktober - battles in Pavlovka and Morgi
    • 0October 7th - Skirmishes at Podysokie and Rudka
    • October 24th - Battle at Glowona-Gora
    • October 25-26 - Battle at Alexandrovo
    • October 27th to 28th - Battle of Wolka, storming of Rabalina
    • October 29th - Battle near Podwysokie
  • 0November 7th to 08th - Battle of Göritten
    • 0November 8th - Storming of the Horeb Mountain
  • November 13th to 16th - Battle of the Rominter Heide
  • from November 27th - fighting in Russian Poland
    • November 27 - Battles east of Gobin
    • November 30th to 0December 1st - Battle of Skowroda
    • 0December 7th - Battle at Oschiny
    • December 14th - Battle at Blendow
    • December 17th - crossing over the Bzura
    • December 18 - Bolimov is captured
    • December 19th - crossing over the Rawka
    • from December 19 - fights at Wola-Szydlowiecka
1915
  • to 0January 5th - fighting in Russian Poland
    • until 0January 5th - fights at Wola-Szydlowiecka
  • January 27 - Battle of Vezerszallas
  • January 29th - Battle at the Verecke Pass
  • January 31 to 0February 3 - Battle of the Lysa Pass
  • 0February 4th to 0April 8th - Fight for the Zwinin
  • 0April 9th ​​- Storming of the Zwinin
  • April 10th - the Mlatka was taken away
  • April 10 - Skirmishes near Koziowa
  • May 12th - Storming of the Ostry
  • May 12th to 17th - advance into the Carpathians
  • May 18 to 0June 3 - Battle of Stryi
  • 0Bis 4. 09. june - persecution in Galicia
  • June 10-22 - Battle of Zydaczow
  • June 22nd - crossing over the Dniester
  • June 27-29 - Battle of the Gnila-Lipa
  • 0Bis 1. 06. july - tracking between Gnila-Lipa and Zlota-Lipa
  • July 17th - attack near Maslomencze
  • July 19-30 - Battle of Hrubieszow
    • July 21st - enforcement of the crossing over the Huczwa
    • July 23 - Battle near Volajewice
    • July 24-28 - Battle near Ubdrowice
    • July 29th - attack on Annopol
  • July 31 - Battle of Strelcze
  • 00August 1st to 3rd - Battle of Cholm
  • 0August 9-12 - Battle of the Ucherka
  • August 14-17 - Battle of Wlodawa
  • August 18-26 - Battle of Brest-Litovsk
  • August 27-28 - persecution on Kobrin
  • August 31 to 0September 1 - Battle of Horodec
  • September 4th to 6th - Battle of Drohiczin-Chomsk
  • 0September 8th to 10th - expedition towards Lake Narrows and Piaski
  • September 11 to 24 - Pursuit battles to the Styr River
    • September 17-19 - Battle at Pinsk and Logischin
  • September 25th to November 15th - fighting on the Styr
    • October 26th - crossing over the Styr near Kolki
    • September 28th to 0October 1st - battle on Kormin and Pulilowka
    • 0October 5th to 30th - Battles on the Styr
  • 0November 1 to 12 - Battles near Lissowo-Budka-Nowosselki
  • November 13th - Battle of Chartoriisk
  • from November 15th - position battle on the Styr
1916
Poison gas attack (Grünkreuz) Verdun on the night of June 22nd to 23rd, 1916.
  • until January 31st - position battle on the Styr
  • March 12th to 0August 8th - Battle of Verdun
    • March 12-22 - preparatory phase
    • March 22nd to April 10th - Quartier Gondrecourt near Étain
      • March 23 to 26 - Relief of the Saxon LIR 102 in the Hermesville position
    • April 18th to 0June 1st - Fights between the Vaux and Cailette woods
    • June 1st - storming the Britenschlucht, crossing over the Vaux swamp , storming the Fumin
  • July 30th to 0August 5th - Battle of Verdun
  • 0August 6th to 13th - fighting on the northern front of Verdun on the western bank of the Meuse
  • August 14th to 24th - Fights for the Thiaumont interim plant and on Cold Earth (Ouvrage de Froideterre)
  • 0September 1st to 25th - Battle of the Argonne Forest
  • October 20 to November 26 - Battle south of the Somme
  • from November 26th - trench warfare on the Somme
1917
  • until March 15 - trench warfare on the Somme
  • March 16 to March 18 - retreat to the Siegfried Line
  • March 18 to April 11 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front I.
  • April 12th to 0May 9th - Spring Battle of the Arras
  • May 10th to June 13th - in Siegfriedstellung II. With the Cambrai group
  • June 13th to August 13th - Battle of Flanders
  • August 13th to November 16th - Trench warfare in Champagne
  • November 17-23 - Battle of Flanders
  • November 24th to 0December 9th - tank battle and attack battle near Cambrai
  • from December 10th - preparation for the attack battle in the west in 1918
1918
German withdrawal movements in 1918
War memorial in Tilsit
  • until March 20 - preparation for the attack battle in the west in 1918
  • March 21 to 0April 9 - Great Battle of France
    • March 21-23 - breakthrough battle at Monchy-Cambrai
    • March 24-25 - Battle of Bapaume
  • April 10th to May 24th - Fights between Arras and Albert
  • May 24th to July 22nd - training period at Marchienne-Ville behind the front of the 17th Army between Arras and Albert
  • 23rd to 26th July - marches behind the front of the 2nd and 18th Army ( Army Group Rupprecht )
  • July 27th to 0August 7th - fighting on the Avre and Meuse
  • 0August 8th to 0September 9th - defensive battle between the Somme and Oise
    • 0August 9-22 - Battle of Roye and Lassigny
    • August 23-26 - Fights near Bauvreignes and Loges forest
    • August 27 to 0September 3 - Battle of the North Canal near Nesle and Noyon
  • 0September 4 to 18 - Fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
  • September 19 to 0October 9 - Defensive battle at Cambrai and St. Quentin
  • October 10th to 19th - fights in front of and in the Hermann position
  • October 22nd to 26th - Fights between Oise and Serre
  • 0November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the Antwerp-Maas position
  • November 12th to December 21st - evacuation of the occupied territories, march back home
  • from December 21st - demobilization at the location

List of losses 1914–1918

(Source: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914–1918. , Lists of losses p. 408–494.)

  • Officers: 157 dead
  • 1st - 12th company
    • NCOs and men: 5395 dead
  • MG companies: 179 dead
  • MW company: 4 dead

Missing 1914–1918

  • 1st - 12th company
    • NCOs and men: 1,078 missing
  • MG companies: 18 missing
  • MW company: 2 missing persons

Operations after the end of the war

1918-1920

The II. Replacement Battalion of Infantry Regiment No. 41 was deployed as early as November 25, 1918 north of the Memel in the border guards. In April 1919, the 2nd Battalion of the 41st Volunteer Infantry Regiment was deployed to the Memel border protection department for border security, and was thus tactically withdrawn from the regimental association. In October 1919, the 1st Battalion of the regiment, known as the 95th Infantry Regiment since July 20, is deployed in Königsberg to carry out occupation duties. The 2nd Battalion of the 95th Infantry Regiment is deployed in Silesia for border protection tasks during the same period.

List of losses 1919–1920

  • 1st - 12th company
    • NCOs and men: 23 dead
  • MG companies: 1 dead
  • MW company: 1 dead

Assignments in voluntary associations

Members of the "Infantry Regiment" von Boyen "(5th East Prussian) No. 41" also performed voluntary service in the associations of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps and the protection forces of South West Africa. During the deployment the volunteers left the budget of the main regiment.

Boxer Rebellion

Field Marshal Graf von Waldersee (4 from right) on Sept. 27, 1900 in Tientsin (Tianjin)

On the occasion of the Boxer Uprising in June 1900, an officer, a non-commissioned officer and 20 men volunteered for the East Asian Expeditionary Force in China. The officer transferred to the 1st East Asian Infantry Regiment was medical officer Otto Krosta . The expedition corps was set up by volunteers Emil von Lessel, who was promoted to Lieutenant General on July 12, 1900 by Kaiser Wilhelm II. The association was formed in Berlin. Military training was carried out on the Lockstedter Lager maneuvering area . The transport took place between July 27th and August 4th from Bremerhaven. In total, the expedition corps comprised 582 officers, 120 medical officers, 18712 men / NCOs and 5579 horses.

The regimental volunteers were incorporated into the 7th Company of the 1st East Asian Infantry Regiment on July 16, 1900. In their associations, they were used, among other things, in the storming of the Peitang Fort and in the battle at the great wall near Hwolu. The punitive expeditions in China were particularly ruthless towards combatants and non-combatants.

By order of the emperor on May 17, 1901, the corps was incorporated into the newly established 1st East Asian Occupation Brigade. The volunteers of the “von Boyen” regiment served here in the 5th Company of the 1st East Asian Occupation Regiment. After the restructuring, the brigade comprised two infantry regiments, each with six companies, one of which was mounted, a squadron hunters on horseback, a field battery, an engineer company and a field hospital. The units of the brigade were based in Beijing, Tientsin, Langfang, Yangtsun, Tangku and Shanghai. In September of that year most of these volunteers returned to the regiment. Some of the volunteers were integrated into the 5th Company of the 2nd Transport Battalion to perform security tasks. She returned to the regiment in mid-November 1901.

German South West Africa

Protection force South West Africa

On January 12, 1904, the Herero uprising broke out in the central area of ​​the protected area. After the attacks on the settlers' farms and the killing of around 150 settlers, the task force of the protective troops was strengthened. Regimental members who volunteered to serve in the protection force also took part in the suppression of the Herero and Nama uprising . Among them, Captain Kurt Schwabe, a total of six officers, two NCOs and 54 men did voluntary service in the German colony from 1904 to 1906 . Teams and NCOs committed themselves to serve in the protection force for 3 years. The troops were assembled in Berlin, with the transport to the operational area starting from the port of Hamburg. After the volunteers arrived in their deployment area, they were immediately integrated into the deployment of the imperial protection forces.

The troops in German South West Africa were continually supplied with new troops from the German Reich; this was the only way for the protection troops to maintain their combat readiness. In August 1905 the Schutztruppen had a strength of 1,062 officers and approximately 19600 men / NCOs. Not only were volunteers from the von Boyen regiment endangered by fighting, the number of disease casualties was significant. Under the orders of Lieutenant General von Trotha , the fighting was brutally fierce, culminating in the persecution in the Omaheke. The fleeing Herero were driven from the water points by the protection force, tens of thousands died of thirst. Von Trotha was controversial among the volunteers of the Schutztruppe because of his leadership style.

organization

Subordination to 1st Army Corps (before 1885)
Subordination and organization of the 1st Army Corps, August 1914
Organizational structure 1918–1921
  1. (Source: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914 - 1918. )
  2. (Source: The Crown Prince Grenadier Regiment (1st East Prussian) in the World War., Volume II. )

Insinuation

August 2, 1914 - March 23, 1915

March 23 - July 7, 1915

July 7, 1915 - August 6, 1916

August 6-13, 1916

August 14-31, 1916

September 1 - 23, 1916

  • Argonne Division
    • Brigade Lippe
      • Infantry Regiment No. 30
      • Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41
      • Hunter Regiment No. 2
      • 1st Bavarian Brigade

September 24, 1916 - December 1918

  • 221st Division
    • 1st Reserve Replacement Brigade
      • Reserve Replacement Regiment No. 1
      • Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41
      • Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 60
      • Machine gun sniper division No. 21
      • 1st Squadron / Reserve Uhlan Regiment No. 2

structure

First World War

I. Battalion
II Battalion
  • Battalion headquarters
  • 5th - 8th company
  • 2nd machine gun company
  • 2. Mortar Department
III. battalion
  • Battalion headquarters
  • 9th - 12th company
  • Machine Gun Company (listed in 1909), 3rd Machine Gun Company
  • 3rd mortar department
Replacement battalions

(Garrison: Königsberg, Memel)

  • I. Replacement Battalion
  • II. Replacement Battalion

Organization after the end of the war

The remnants of the regiment returned home after the end of the war , where the association was demobilized in Tilsit on December 21, 1918 . At this point in time, the 2nd Battalion took over the settlement business. A machine gun company was formed from the three existing machine gun companies, and this moved into the machine gun block at the site. From the demobilized parts, the Volunteer Infantry Regiment 41 was formed at the end of January 1919, which formed into four battalions. The bar was in the section Memel and Heinrichswalde . The individual units were merged into the Reichswehr Infantry Regiments 95 and 101 of the Provisional Reichswehr .

The adoption of tradition in the Reichswehr was decreed by the Chief of Army Command, General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt , on August 24, 1921. The 5th and 8th companies in the 2nd Battalion of the 1st (Prussian) Infantry Regiment were assigned the tradition of the 41st Infantry Regiment, the 7th Company was assigned the tradition of the 44th Infantry Regiment. In the Wehrmacht , the III. Battalion of the 43rd Infantry Regiment continued the tradition.

Uniform and equipment

uniform

Tabard Prussia

Uniform Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41
  • Tabard : made of dark blue cloth, a row of buttons, pouceau-red rounded collar for men, collars for non-commissioned officers with smooth golden braids, Brandenburg cuffs and pouceau-red sleeve flaps, these provided with white protrusions, yellow buttons, armpit flaps for men and women white with red regimental number.
  • Field cap : dark blue cloth, trim and liner pouceau-red color, the cockade on the front of the trim.
  • Helmet : black lacquered leather with front and rear visor, attachment point, coat of arms eagle made of brass with signature, flat brass chain. From 1887 on, helmets for teams no longer have a scale chain, which is replaced by a leather strap with a hook holder. In 1895 the fittings were made of aluminum bronze instead of brass to reduce weight.
  • Trousers : long trousers made of heather gray cloth with slit and buckle strap.
  • Coat : heather gray fabric, blue armpit flaps with white protrusion and red regimental number, pouceau-red collar flaps, yellow buttons.
  • Gloves : for NCOs made of white wash suede, for crews gray heathered fabric, lined with white.
  • Boots : leather shaft boot with an 11 to 12 inch shaft and heel iron.

Tunic field gray

German field uniforms 1914
  • Tabard : 1909/10 gradual introduction of the field gray uniform, replacement of the colorful uniform skirt by the field gray uniform (field skirt model 1907/10). The men’s epaulets bore the red regimental number. The boots, issued in their natural color when mobilized in Aug. 1914. According to the regulations of autumn 1915, these had to be blackened. The M15 field blouse was launched in autumn 1915. Leather belt made of natural brown or black leather with belt lock, made of brass or nickel, with trim.
  • Helmet : 1915 introduction of the M15 model, gray fittings (lacquered zinc sheet) with removable tip, which was equipped with a bayonet lock. From February 1916, the troops off Verdun were equipped with the steel helmet model 1916. In 1917, the introduction of the snow cover for the steel helmet. From 1918 camouflage in ocher colors was introduced to protect privacy.

Dress code 1919

On January 19, 1919, provisional regulations on clothing for the army in peacetime were issued. The background was the deliberate departure from the old rank badges.

  • Headgear : The only thing left to wear on the hats was a cockade on the trim, in the national colors. From now on all members of the army were allowed to wear peaked caps.
  • Tabard : No changes were made to the uniforms.
  • Dienstgradabzeichen : The pending the adoption worn insignia accounted for, were introduced makeshift insignia. These are made of dark blue cloth in the form of strips, different in width, with a distance of one centimeter between them. Depending on the rank, the stripes were worn on the upper arm or forearm of the tunic, coat or blouse. On the widest strip, officers were given the number of the unit.
  • Sidearm : The short infantry sidearm model 98/05 was designated as the standard sidearm. Officers, NCOs and soldiers had to carry their side guns strapped to their belts.

These provisions were in force until May 5, 1919; other provisions followed for the “provisional Reichswehr”.

Tabard protection troops

  • The tunic of the South West Africa Defense Forces: the white tropical suit for officers, the corduroy and the khaki suit for NCOs and men. The collar, the lapels, the underlay of the armpits and lugs in cornflower blue. Trousers made of white fabric, cord or kaki, without strips of cloth or braids. Headgear, protection troop hat with golden braids, cockade in black-white-red. Lace-up shoes made of natural-colored leather or shoes made of canvas.

equipment

1900

  • Knapsack M / 87 with carrying frame and knapsack bag or knapsack M / 95 with carrying strap and tent accessory bag.
  • two cartridge pouches
  • Cookware with straps, canteen with drinking cup.

Gallery uniform and equipment

  • Reservists 1913.jpg
  • Boyen Chapel 1900.jpg
  • No. 41 team.jpg
  • Tilsit 2.jpg
  • Reservists 19132.jpg

Flags and awards

Flag of the 1st Battalion

Flags

  • On January 18, 1861 the flags were awarded to the I., II. And III. Battalion by King Wilhelm at the flag consecration in Berlin.
  • On August 9, 1887, awarded to the IV Battalion. (Flag went to Rgt. 144 in 1890 after the IV Battalion was handed over)
  • The IV Battalion, newly established in 1893, received its new flag on October 18, 1894.
  • Renewal of the flags on August 28, 1901.

The flags of the 1st and 2nd battalions were damaged by shrapnel and gunshots during the firefight on July 3, 1866 in the Battle of Königgrätz .

Awards

Battalions I. - III.

  • Iron cross in the top of the flag.
  • Flag ribbon of the Memorial Cross awarded on December 12, 1866, with swords.
  • Flag ribbon of the war memorial coin 1870/71 for combatants , with clasps.
  • Award of the 1900 commemorative sign, awarded to all flags and standards of the German army.

Armament

The shooting training of the 19th century was based on the regulations for shooting training that were set up in the shooting instructions, which were subject to numerous changes until 1887 due to the progressive development in weapon technology at that time. The "Firing Regulations for Infantry" introduced in 1887 were the first to provide a comprehensive basis for training close to war. This also had a positive effect on the level of training in the regiment.

During the First World War, there were fundamental adjustments in the equipment of the infantry regiment. Which no longer only comprised the equipment of the infantry soldier. In 1917 the rifle companies were each equipped with five light machine guns and two grenade launchers. The machine gun companies were each equipped with twelve heavy machine guns. Mine throwers were added from 1917 onwards, these mine throwing trains were each equipped with four throwers.

Hand weapons u. Edged weapons

Firing needle rifle model M / 41
Mauser 98 model
Machine gun department

1860-1895

1895-1919

  • Multi-loading carabiner model Mauser 98
    • SG 98 infantry side rifle, SG 98/05 side rifle, Demag 1916 dagger bayonet
  • Self-loading pistol model 1896 , model 1896/1912
  • Revolver model 83 (in use until approx. 1908)

Explosive weapons

1914-1918

  • Ball hand grenade introduced in 1913, modified in 1915
  • Stick hand grenade with "Brenner 15" (brass firelighter)
  • Egg hand grenade, from 1917 with zinc burner

Machine gun companies

Light mortar 7.58 cm

1910-1918

Mortar departments

In the infantry regiments, the lightweight 7.58 cm mortar was mainly used, its mobility and the resulting quick change of position were of particular importance.

The light mine throwers were used to take over barrage sections, to seal off access trenches and to hold down the enemy's reserves.

1917

Regiment chiefs u. Commanders

Last head of the regiment, Field Marshal Colmar von Goltz
Lieutenant General Ernst Schönfeld, commander of the regiment from March 22, 1913 to Feb. 28, 1915
Lieutenant Colonel Hans Kloebe, commander of the regiment from December 11, 1916 to March 17, 1919

Heads of regiments

The General of the Infantry and Commanding General of the I. Army Corps Adolf von Bonin became the first head of the regiment . With his death on August 16, 1872, this position was initially vacant and was only refilled by AKO on September 2, 1890 with General of the Infantry and Commanding General of the Guard Corps, Oskar von Meerscheidt-Hüllessem .

In 1907 Colonel General von Goltz was placed in the regiment à la suite. Field Marshal General Colmar von der Goltz became the last head of the regiment in the association; he died of the consequences of typhus on April 19, 1916 in Baghdad. Field Marshal General Colmar von der Goltz had emerged from the ranks of the regiment. As a young lieutenant he took part in the Battle of Trautenau in 1866, in which he was seriously wounded.

Rank Surname date
General of the Infantry Adolf von Bonin September 20, 1860 to August 16, 1872
General of the Infantry Oskar von Meerscheidt-Hüllessem 0September 2, 1890 to December 26, 1895
Field Marshal General Colmar von der Goltz June 16, 1913 to April 19, 1916

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Colonel Friedrich von Knorr 0July 1, 1860 to February 6, 1863
Colonel Ferdinand von Stülpnagel February 10, 1863 to November 20, 1864
Colonel Heinrich von Koblinski November 21, 1864 to June 5, 1868
Colonel Otto von Henning on Schönhoff 0June 6, 1868 to July 17, 1870
Colonel Oskar von Meerscheidt-Hüllessem July 18, 1870 to February 9, 1872
Colonel Konrad von Wegerer February 10, 1872 to January 1, 1877
Colonel Theodor Pohlmann 0January 2, 1877 to July 15, 1878
Colonel Georg von Carnap-Quernheimb July 16, 1878 to June 10, 1882
Colonel Emil von Lessel June 11, 1882 to June 11, 1886
Colonel Otto Immelmann June 12, 1886 to May 21, 1889
Colonel Friedrich Steppuhn May 22, 1889 to January 17, 1891
Colonel Robert of Graba January 18, 1891 to January 26, 1894
Colonel Paul Becher January 27, 1894 to May 12, 1895
Colonel Julius von Holleufer May 13, 1895 to July 19, 1898
Colonel Georg Giesche July 20, 1898 to February 17, 1902
Colonel Oskar Scholz February 18, 1902 to May 18, 1903
Colonel Richard Pehlemann May 19, 1903 to September 10, 1907
Colonel Otto Schumann September 11, 1907 to April 20, 1911
Colonel Hilmar Alfred von Kraewel April 21, 1911 to March 21, 1913
Colonel Ernst Schonfeld March 22, 1913 to February 28, 1915
major Wilhelm von Nauendorf 0March 1 to July 28, 1915
Lieutenant colonel Hans Petersen August 22 to December 25, 1915
Colonel Max Transfeldt December 26, 1915 to August 2, 1916
Lieutenant colonel Friedrich von der Heyde 0August 3 to September 27, 1916
Lieutenant colonel August Dihle September 28 to December 10, 1916
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Hans Kloebe December 11, 1916 to March 17, 1919
Colonel Schmidt March 18, 1919 to 0January 1, 1921

À la suite

Rank Surname date
General of the Infantry Colmar von der Goltz –––

useful information

Flagjunk Felix Steiner

The later SS-Gruppenführer Felix Steiner emerged from the ranks of the regiment. In March 1914 he joined the Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 as a flag junior. As an ensign, he was deployed with the regiment in the battles near Tannenberg, on the Masurian Lakes and in Lithuania. He was seriously injured during the fighting in November 1914. After his recovery, he was transferred to the fortress machine gun department No. 1.

Dominik Richert

Another member of the regiment was Dominik Richert , who described his war memories in the book Best Opportunity to Die (book) .

Literature and Sources

literature

  • W. Schimrigk: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41. ES Mittler & Sohn . Berlin 1910.
  • Alfred Bülowius , Bruno Hippler : The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914–1918 (= memorial sheets of German regiments. Volume 262). Verlag Tradition Wilhelm Kolk, Berlin 1929.
  • War history department of the Great General Staff (ed.): The campaign of 1866 in Germany. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1867.
  • Department I. of the great general staff (ed.): The fighting of the German troops in South West Africa: The campaign against the Hereros. I. Volume. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1906.
  • Jürgen Kraus : Handbook of the associations and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part VI: Infantry. Volume 1: Infantry Regiments. Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-902526-14-4 , p. 87.
  • Erich Ludendorff : My memories of the war 1914–1918. Volume I. u. II. ES Mittler & Sohn. Berlin 1919.
  • Crown Prince Wilhelm : My memories of Germany's heroic struggle. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1923.
  • Markus Klauer: The height of the dead man during the fighting for Verdun 1916/1917. Verlag Druck und Veredelungs GmbH, Remscheid 2001, ISBN 3-9807648-0-X .
  • Reichsarchiv Potsdam (Hrsg.): The World War 1914 to 1918, The military operations on land. Volume I. to XIV. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1925–1944.

Unprinted sources

  • Federal Archives
    • Holdings: (PH 8-I / 97, 98, 398–401, 450), copies from war diaries and enclosures, infantry divisions, PH 8-I infantry divisions, 1st infantry division.
    • Holdings: (PH 8-I / 343, 342, 477–479, 480–484, 539), copies from war diaries and enclosures, infantry divisions, PH 8-I infantry divisions, 221st infantry division.
    • Holdings: (RW 51/2), Imperial Protection Troops, 3rd Protection Force for German South West Africa, Command of the Protection Force for German South West Africa - Appeal from Lieutenant General Lothar von Trotha to the Herero people with an explanation for the Protection Force.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.1 1914, 2.1.1.2 Western Front, 2.1.1.2.9 Autumn Campaign.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War I), 2.1.3 1916, 2.1.3.3 Western Front, 2.1.3.3.3 Battle of the Somme.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War I), 2.1.3 1916, 2.1.3.3 Western Front, 2.1.3.3.2 Verdun.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1914, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1917, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.
    • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1918, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.

Web links

Commons : Infantry Regiment "von Boyen" (5th East Prussian) No. 41  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918. Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 1.
  2. ^ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914-1918 (= memorial sheets of German regiments. Volume 262). Verlag Tradition Wilhelm Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 350 ff.
  3. ^ Sebastian Franck: On the 100th anniversary of the Polish uprising of 1863. P. 95–96, Download (PDF)
  4. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918. Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 3.
  5. ↑ Moltke's military Korrenspondenz from the service writings of the War of 1866. S. 373, (ed.) Great General Staff Department history of war, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1896
  6. ^ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914-1918. Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 2f.
  7. ^ Paul von Abel: Stammliste of the Royal Prussian Army ., ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1905.
  8. ↑ Allgemeine Militär-Zeitung , No. 27 of July 3, 1869, Volume 44, published by the Society of German Officers and Military Officials, Leipzig 1869, p. 212.
  9. ↑ Gottfried Steuer: History of the Danzig Infantry Regiment No. 128, 1881 to 1906. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1906, p. 82.
  10. ^ Theodor Fontane: The German War of 1866 . Volume I, (Ed.) R. v. Decker, Publishing House of the Royal Secret Ober-Hofbuchdruckerei, Berlin 1871, p. 667.
  11. ^ Department of War History of the Great General Staff (ed.): The campaign of 1866 in Germany. Lists of losses in the Battle of Trautenau, ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1867, p. 129.
  12. ^ Department of War History of the Great General Staff (ed.): The campaign of 1866 in Germany. Lists of losses in the Battle of Königgrätz, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1867, p. 9.
  13. ↑ Helmuth von Moltke: History of the Franco-German War from 1870-71. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1895.
  14. ↑ A. v. Schell: The operations of the 1st Army under General von Steinmetz. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1872, pp. 173-202.
  15. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918 . Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, pp. 135–141.
  16. ↑ Ludwig Gold, Martin Reymann: The tragedy of Verdun 1916, The struggle for Fort Vaux II part . Volume 14, printed and published by Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1928, pp. 144–155 online
  17. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918 . Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 346f.
  18. ↑ Ranking list Royal Prussian Army and the ll. (Royal Württemberg) Army Corps for 1901. ES Mittler & Sohn 1901, p. 186.
  19. ^ Alfred von Müller: The turmoil in China and the fighting of the allied troops . Volume 1, 2nd edition, Verlag der Liebelschen Buchhandlung, Berlin 1902.
  20. ↑ Werner Haupt: The German Schutztruppe 1889-1918 . Nebel Verlag GmbH, Waiblingen 1988, p. 49.
  21. ^ Department I. of the great General Staff (ed.): The battles of the German troops in South West Africa: The campaign against the Hereros. Volume I, Annex II. Lists of losses by name, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1906, pp. 194 - 195, 308, 312, 319.
  22. ↑ Werner Haupt: The German Schutztruppe 1889/1918 . Nebel Verlag GmbH, Waiblingen 1988, p. 53f.
  23. ↑ a b c Listed on October 10, 1916 after transferring to the 221st Division.
  24. ↑ a b c Listed June 1917, see officer line-up No. 21 of June 25, 1917, before the deployment to the Battle of Flanders.
  25. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918 . Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, pp. 356f.
  26. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918 . Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 356ff.
  27. ^ Regulations on the clothing of troops in peacetime of April 30, 1868 . Table I., (Ed.) R. v. Decker, Berlin 1868, p. 36, p. 72-85.
  28. ^ Regulations on the clothing of troops in peacetime of April 30, 1868 . (Ed.) R. v. Decker, Berlin 1868, p. 36, p. 72-85.
  29. ↑ Freiherr von den Osten-Sacken: Germany's army in war and peace uniform. PM Weber Verlag, Berlin 1916, pp. 5-34.
  30. ↑ "Provisional Regulations on the Clothing of the Peace Army", Army Ordinance Sheet 1919, No. 85.
  31. ^ Regulations on the use of infantry equipment M / 95, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1899.
  32. ↑ a b c d e f Stammliste of the royal Prussian army . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1905, p. 92.
  33. ↑ History of the royal Prussian flags and standards since 1807 , Volume II., List of documents No. 217, serial No. 11, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1889.
  34. ^ Rudolf Schmidt: General armament for the infantry . Schmid Francke u. Co, Bern 1888, p. 67ff.
  35. ^ Rudolf Schmidt: General armament for the infantry . Schmid Francke u. Co, Bern 1888, p. 89, p. 117.
  36. ^ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914-1918. Plate 1, Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929.
  37. ↑ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World Wars 1914-1918. Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 3.
  38. ^ Richard Schmitt: The battles near Trautenau on June 27 and 28, 1866. Verlag FA Perthes, Gotha 1892, p. 212.
  39. ^ Alfred Bülowius, Bruno Hippler: The Infantry Regiment von Boyen (5th East Prussian) No. 41 in the World War 1914-1918. Verlag Tradition W. Kolk, Berlin 1929, p. 2f.
  40. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , pp. 140-142.
  41. ↑ GStA PK inventory: (IV. HA, Rep. 7), No. 2814, Officer's widow fund and other military supply points, 08 supply files, 08.19 letter S, Steppuhn, Friedrich, Colonel.
  42. ↑ Major Schmidt previously led the III. Battalion of the regiment, also in the battle of Gumbinnen
  43. ↑ Rank at the time of the à la suite position.
  44. ↑ Ranking list of the royal Prussian army for 1908.
  45. ↑ Felix Steiner: The army of the outlaws. Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Rosenheim 1964, p. 351.