14th Division (German Empire)
The 14th Division , also known as the 14th Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Prussian Army
14th division |
|
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active | October 9, 1815 to 1919 |
Country | German Empire |
Armed forces | Prussian Army |
Type | Infantry Division |
structure | see: Outline |
Insinuation | VII Army Corps |
structure
The division was part of the VII Army Corps .
Franco-German War
- 27th Infantry Brigade
- 28th Infantry Brigade
- Hannoversches Hussar Regiment No. 15
- 1st foot section / 1st Westphalian field artillery regiment No. 7
- 1st Company / Engineer Battalion No. 7
- 2nd department / 1. Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7
- Westphalian Train Battalion No. 7 in Münster
Peace structure 1914
-
27th Infantry Brigade in Cologne
- Infantry Regiment "Freiherr von Sparr" (3rd Westphalian) No. 16 in Cologne
- 5th Westphalian Infantry Regiment No. 53 in Cologne
-
28th Infantry Brigade in Düsseldorf
- Lower Rhine Fusilier Regiment No. 39 in Düsseldorf
- 8th Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 159 in Mülheim an der Ruhr and Geldern
- 79th Infantry Brigade in Wesel
- 14th Cavalry Brigade in Düsseldorf
-
14th Field Artillery Brigade in Wesel
- 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7 in Wesel and Düsseldorf
- Kleve's Field Artillery Regiment No. 43 in Kleve
- Landwehr Inspection Düsseldorf
- Landwehr Inspection Essen
Organization of war during mobilization in 1914
-
27th Infantry Brigade
- Infantry Regiment "Freiherr von Sparr" (3rd Westphalian) No. 16
- 5th Westphalian Infantry Regiment No. 53
-
79th Infantry Brigade
- Infantry Regiment "Vogel von Falckenstein" (7th Westphalian) No. 56
- Infantry Regiment "Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig" (8th Westphalian) No. 57
- 3rd Squadron / 2nd Hanover Dragoon Regiment No. 16
-
14th Field Artillery Brigade
- 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7
- Kleve's Field Artillery Regiment No. 43
- 2nd and 3rd Company / Engineer Battalion No. 7
Division of War of April 13, 1918
-
79th Infantry Brigade
- Infantry Regiment "Freiherr von Sparr" (3rd Westphalian) No. 16
- Infantry Regiment "Vogel von Falckenstein" (7th Westphalian) No. 56
- Infantry Regiment "Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig" (8th Westphalian) No. 57
- Machine gun sniper division No. 23
- 5th Squadron / 2nd Hanover Dragoons Regiment No. 16
- Artillery Commander No. 14
- Kleve's Field Artillery Regiment No. 43
- 2nd Battalion / Foot Artillery Regiment No. 22
- Engineer Battalion No. 124
- Division News Commander No. 14
history
The large association was originally formed on October 9, 1815 as a troop brigade in Trier and formed into the 14th division on September 5, 1818. From 1818 to 1919 the command was in Düsseldorf .
Franco-German War
The division was already in action on August 6, 1870 near Spichern . On the morning of August 14, investigations indicated that the French army was marching on Metz . The 26th Infantry Brigade under Major General Goltz formed the vanguard of the VII Corps in the following battle at Colombey-Nouilly . When the latter felt sufficiently oriented to disrupt the backward movement intended by the French, he informed both divisions of the VII Corps as well as the I. Corps in order to be sure of their support in the event of enemy superiority and attacked.
On the orders of Prince Friedrich Karl , commander of the 2nd Army, on the evening of August 19, the VII Corps relocated its headquarters to Ars. General Zastrow assigned the 14th division to the right bank of the Moselle for the enclosure of Metz .
After the victory of Sedan and the capture of the emperor and Mac Mahon 's army, no further attempt to break through to the north was expected in the prince's view. He moved the center of gravity in the west to the south.
While the 13th division remained in Metz, the 14th moved to the siege of the fortress Diedenhofen . After enclosing the fortress, it surrendered on November 24th. The division now followed the siege corps.
First World War
Battle calendar
1914
- Conquest of Liège August 9th to 16th -
- August 21 - Battle of Obaix
- August 21 - Battle at Pont-à-Celles
- August 22nd - Battle at L'Allue-Piéton
- 23rd to 24th August - Battle of Namur
- August 25 - Chase battles near Solre-le-Château
- August 27 - Battle at Catillon
- August 29-30 - Battle of the Battle of St. Quentin
- Petit Morin September 6-9 - Battle of the
- September 12th to October 4th - fighting near Reims
- Arras October 5th to 13th - Battle of
- October 13th to December 13th - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- October 12 to November 2 - Battle of La Bassée ( Neuve-Chapelle )
- December 14th to 24th - December battle in French Flanders
- from December 25th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
1915
- to May 8th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- Battle of La-Bassée and Arras May 9th to July 23rd -
- July 24th to September 24th - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- September 25th to October 13th - autumn battle at La Bassée and Arras
- from October 14th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
1916
- until March 27th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- March 27 to June 4 - Reserve of the OHL at Tournai
-
Battle of Verdun
- August 5th to 25th - Fights for the Thiaumont intermediate plant and on Kalter Erde
June 5th to September 8th - - from September 9th - trench warfare before Verdun
- December 15-16 - Battles for Louvemont and Bezonvaux
- December 28th - Fight on the Dead Man
1917
- until April 24th - trench warfare in front of Verdun
- April 27th to May 27th - Aisne-Champagne double battle
- May 28th to October 23rd - Trench warfare on Chemin des Dames
- October 24th to November 2nd - rearguard battles on and south of the Ailette
- from November 5th - trench warfare in front of Verdun
1918
- until January 29th - trench warfare in front of Verdun
- January 10th to March 25th - Reserve of the OHL at Moncel
- March 25th to April 6th - Great Battle of France
- Ancre , Somme and Avre April 6th to May 27th - Fights on the
- May 27th to June 13th - Battle of Soissons and Reims
- May 28th to June 1st - pursuit battles up to the Marne
- May 30th to June 13th - Assault fighting west and southwest of Soissons
- June 14th to July 4th - trench warfare between Oise , Aisne and Marne
- July 5th to 17th - Trench warfare west of Soissons
- July 18-25 - Defensive battle between Soissons and Reims
- July 26th to August 3rd - Mobile defensive battle between Marne and Vesle
- 4th to 16th August - trench warfare between Oise and Aisne
- 17th to 30th August - defensive battle between Oise and Aisne
- August 30th to September 13th - Reserve of the OHL
- September 13th to 25th - Trench warfare near Reims
- September 26th to October 17th - defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
- October 18-20 - fights in the dog position
- October 20 to November 4 - Fights in front of and in the Hermann position
- October 20th to 26th - Fights between Oise and Serre
- Antwerp- Maas position November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the
- from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march home
Commanders
Rank | Surname | date |
---|---|---|
Major general | Karl Friedrich Franciscus von Steinmetz | October 9, 1815 to November 2, 1816 |
Major general | Friedrich Wilhelm of Sjöholm | November 5, 1816 to December 2, 1820 |
Lieutenant General | Friedrich of Prussia | January 2, 1821 to March 29, 1838 |
Major general | Karl von der Groeben | March 30, 1838 to September 9, 1840 (in charge of the tour) |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Karl von der Groeben | September 10, 1840 to March 2, 1848 |
Lieutenant General | Otto von Drigalski | March 7, 1848 to January 31, 1849 |
Lieutenant General | Karl von Canitz and Dallwitz | February 1 to May 1, 1849 |
Lieutenant General | Karl Anton von Hohenzollern | April 15, 1852 to November 5, 1858 |
Major general | Albrecht von Roon | November 6, 1858 to January 19, 1860 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Friedrich von Monts | January 20, 1860 to May 17, 1864 |
Lieutenant General | Hugo Eberhard zu Münster-Meinhövel | April 25, 1864 to October 29, 1866 |
Lieutenant General | Leonhard von Blumenthal | October 30, 1866 to July 1870 |
Lieutenant General | Georg von Kameke | July 18, 1870 to January 4, 1871 |
Lieutenant General | Ernst Wilhelm Schuler from Senden | January 5, 1871 to October 21, 1871 |
Lieutenant General | Hugo von Obernitz | October 3, 1871 to April 16, 1879 |
Lieutenant General | Karl von Witzendorff | April 17, 1879 to April 14, 1882 |
Lieutenant General | Hermann von Schenck | April 15, 1882 to October 16, 1883 |
Lieutenant General | Wilhelm Dietrich of Gemmingen | October 17, 1883 to April 28, 1886 |
Lieutenant General | Henry XIII. Prince Reuss | April 29, 1886 to July 9, 1888 |
Major general | Emil von Fischer | July 10 to August 3, 1888 (in charge of the tour) |
Lieutenant General | Emil von Fischer | August 4, 1888 to March 23, 1890 |
Lieutenant General | Max von der Planitz | March 24, 1890 to October 13, 1890 |
Lieutenant General | Arno from Arndt | October 14, 1890 to March 16, 1894 |
Lieutenant General | Richard von Funck | March 17, 1894 to January 26, 1897 |
Lieutenant General | Henry XVIII Prince Reuss | January 27, 1897 to February 15, 1899 |
Lieutenant General | Friedrich von Kamptz | February 16, 1899 to July 6, 1901 |
Lieutenant General | Ernst von Voigt | July 7, 1901 to April 30, 1904 |
Major general | Kurt von Sperling | May 1 to October 18, 1904 (in charge of the tour) |
Lieutenant General | Kurt von Sperling | October 19, 1904 to April 25, 1907 |
Lieutenant General | Paul Stephan | April 26, 1907 to April 23, 1908 |
Lieutenant General | Karl Wilhelm Gronen | April 24, 1908 to October 5, 1911 |
Lieutenant General | Dedo von Schenck | October 6, 1911 to September 30, 1912 |
Lieutenant General | Otto von Lauenstein | October 1, 1912 to August 1, 1914 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Paul Fleck | August 1, 1914 to January 1, 1915 |
Lieutenant General | Kurt von Ditfurth | January 2 to May 24, 1915 |
Major general | Constantin von Altrock | May 25 to December 29, 1915 |
Major general | Fritz of Verden | December 30, 1915 to September 16, 1917 |
Lieutenant General | Karl Kraewel | September 17, 1917 to July 8, 1918 |
Major general | Georg Pohlmann | July 9, 1918 to January 21, 1919 |
literature
- Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 65, 110–111.
- Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 236-239.
Individual evidence
- ^ Alfred Cramer : History of the Infantry Regiment Prince Friedrich of the Netherlands (2nd Westphalian) No. 15. Verlag R. Eisenschmid, Berlin 1910.
- ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 109 f.