1st Landwehr Division (German Empire)

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1st Landwehr Division

active August 1914 to 1919
Country German EmpireGerman Empire (Reichskriegsflagge) German Empire
Armed forces Prussian Army
Type Infantry division
structure Part of the Higher Landwehr Commanders 1
Strength approx. 15,000
First World War Eastern Front
Battle of Gumbinnen
Battle of Tannenberg
Battle of the Masurian Lakes
Battle of Gorlice-Tarnów
Commanders
Commanders General of the Infantry Albano von Jacobi (December 17, 1914 to January 2, 1919)

The 1st Landwehr Division was a major unit of the Prussian army in the First World War .

structure

The division was formed from the mixed Landwehr brigades, each equipped with infantry, cavalry and artillery. The 33rd and 34th mixed Landwehr Brigade had the recruiting area in Schleswig-Holstein , in the province of Hanover and Mecklenburg-Schwerin or Mecklenburg-Strelitz , as well as in the Hanseatic cities of Hamburg , Bremen and Lübeck . The 37th and 38th Brigade recruited in Hanover , Oldenburg and Braunschweig .

Organization of war in mobilization

  • 33rd Mixed Landwehr Brigade
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 75
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 76
    • 2nd Guard Landwehr Squadron
    • 1st Landwehr Squadron / IX. Army Corps
    • 1. Landwehr Battery / IX. Army Corps
  • 34th Mixed Landwehr Brigade
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 31
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 84
    • 3rd Guard Landwehr Squadron
    • 2nd Landwehr Squadron / IX. Army Corps
    • 2. Landwehr Battery / IX. Army Corps
  • 37th Mixed Landwehr Brigade
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 73
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 74
    • 2nd Landwehr Squadron / X Army Corps
    • II. Landwehr Field Artillery Department / X. Army Corps
  • 38th Mixed Landwehr Brigade
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 77
    • Landwehr Infantry Regiment No. 78
    • 3rd Landwehr Squadron / X. Army Corps

Division of War of January 27, 1918

  • 34th Landwehr Brigade
  • Artillery Commander No. 128
    • Field Artillery Regiment No. 96
  • Engineer Battalion No. 401
  • Division News Commander No. 501

Battle calendar

The division was initially used on the northern eastern front . Until the end of 1917 it was part of the front security in the northern area of ​​the Eastern Front. In early 1918 she was used on the Western Front in the Lorraine and Flanders area.

1914

1915

  • until February 7th - position battles for the field position Lötzen-Angerapp
  • 0February 7-22 - Winter battle in Masuria , Battle of Lyck
  • February 19 to August 10 - Trench warfare in front of Lomsha-Osowiec
  • July 13th to August 26th - Battle of Narew-Bobr
    • August 2nd to 9th - First Narew crossing near Nowogrod and Lomsha
    • August 10th - capture of Lomsha
    • August 10th to 12th - capture of Wizna
    • August 12th to 15th - fighting on the Silna section
    • August 16-25 - Second Narew crossing at Tykozin, Zoltki and Kruschewo
    • August 24-26 - Fights near Bialystok, Knyszyn and the Berezowia section
  • August 27th to September 2nd - conquest of Grodno
    • September 1st - Storming of Fort IV
  • 0September 1st to 30th - Persecution from Nyemen to Berezina
  • September 28th to October 10th - trench warfare on the Berezina, Olshanka and Krewlyanka rivers
  • from October 21st - trench warfare in front of Riga

1916

  • until July 31 - trench warfare in front of Riga
  • July 31st to August 7th - trench warfare in the Pripet Marshes
  • August 11th to November 4th - Battle of Kovel
  • from November 5th - trench warfare on the upper Styr - Stochod

1917

  • until December 1, 1917 - trench warfare on the upper Styr-Stochod
  • 0December 2nd to 17th - ceasefire
  • from December 17th - armistice

1918

  • until February 22nd - armistice
  • February 15-25 - transport to the west
  • February 22nd to March 10th - Reserve of the OHL
  • March 11th to April 9th ​​- Trench warfare in Flanders
  • April 10-15 - Trench warfare in Flanders
  • April 16-29 - Fights in the Wytschaete Arch
  • April 30 to August 1 - Trench warfare in Flanders
  • 0August 2nd to September 18th - Trench warfare in Lorraine and the Vosges
  • September 18 to October 1 - trench warfare in Upper Alsace
  • 0October 1st to 11th - Trench warfare in Lorraine
  • October 11th to November 11th - defensive battles between Maas and Beaumont; Defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
  • from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march back through Lorraine, the Rhine Province and the Palatinate

1919

  • by January 4th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march back through Lorraine, the Rhine Province and the Palatinate

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Lieutenant General Georg von der Goltz 0August 2 to October 3, 1914
Lieutenant General Serious of one 0October 3 to December 17, 1914
General of the Infantry Albano by Jacobi December 17, 1914 to January 2, 1919

literature

  • Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 59–60; Pp. 84-85.
  • Hermann Cron: History of the German Army in the World War 1914–1918. Berlin 1937.
  • Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German armies 1815-1939. Volume 1, Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Cron et al .: Hall of Fame of our old army. Berlin 1935.
  2. ↑ Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918), 1920, p. 181