Grand Ducal Hessian (25th) Division

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The Grand Ducal Hessian (25th) Division was a large unit of the Prussian Army consisting of Hessian units .

structure

The division was part of the XVIII. Army Corps .

Peace structure 1914

Organization of war during mobilization in 1914

  • 49th Infantry Brigade (1st Grand Ducal Hessian)
    • Life Guard Infantry Regiment (1st Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 115
    • Infantry Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" (2nd Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 116
  • 50th Infantry Brigade (2nd Grand Ducal Hessian)
    • Infantry Body Regiment "Grand Duchess" (3rd Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 117
    • Infantry Regiment "Prinz Carl" (4th Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 118
  • Magdeburg Dragoon Regiment No. 6
  • 25th Field Artillery Brigade (Grand Ducal Hessian)
    • Grand Ducal Artillery Corps, 1st Grand Ducal Hessian Field Artillery Regiment No. 25
    • 2nd Grand Ducal Hessian Field Artillery Regiment No. 61
  • 2nd and 3rd Company / Engineer Battalion No. 21

Division of War of March 8, 1918

  • 49th Infantry Brigade (1st Grand Ducal Hessian)
    • Life Guard Infantry Regiment (1st Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 115
    • Infantry Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" (2nd Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 116
    • Infantry Body Regiment "Grand Duchess" (3rd Grand Ducal Hessian) No. 117
    • MG Sniper Division No. 49
    • 1st Squadron / Magdeburg Dragoon Regiment No. 6
  • Artillery Commander No. 25
    • Grand Ducal Artillery Corps, 1st Grand Ducal Hessian Field Artillery Regiment No. 25
    • 1st Battalion / Reserve Foot Artillery Regiment No. 24
  • Engineer Battalion No. 129
  • Division News Commander No. 25

history

The division was formed on April 7, 1867 from the Grand Ducal Hessian Army Division and had its headquarters in Darmstadt until the demobilization and dissolution in 1919 .

First World War

During the First World War , the large association was used exclusively on the Western Front . After the Armistice of Compiègne on November 11, 1918, the troops returned home, where the division was demobilized in January 1919 and finally disbanded. In the same month, the Freikorps Hessen was set up from parts, and on June 1, 1919 it was merged into the Small Reichswehr Brigade 18.

Battle calendar

1914

1915

1916

  • through January 31st - trench warfare west of St. Quentin
  • 0February 1 to 20 - trench warfare around Verdun
  • February 21st to April 28th - Battle of Verdun
  • April 29th to September 10th - fighting on the Aisne
  • September 13th to October 4th - Battle of the Somme
  • 0October 5th to November 14th - trench warfare between Meuse and Moselle
  • November 15-26 - Battle of the Somme
  • from November 27th - trench warfare on the Somme

1917

  • until March 15 - trench warfare on the Somme
  • March 16 to June 20 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
  • June 21st to September 20th - fighting in the Siegfriedstellung
  • September 21 to October 13 - autumn battle in Flanders
  • October 14th to November 4th - Border patrol on the Belgian-Dutch border
  • 0November 5th to December 3rd - Battle of Flanders
  • from December 4th - trench warfare in Flanders

1918

  • until February 12th - trench warfare in Flanders
  • February 13th to March 20th - fighting in the Siegfriedstellung and preparation for the Great Battle in France
  • March 21 to April 6 - Great battle in France
  • 0April 7-18 - Fights on the Ancre , Somme and Avre
  • April 20th to August 4th - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
  • 05th to 10th August - Fighting in front of the Ypres Front - La Bassée
  • August 11-20 - Defensive battle between Somme and Avre
  • August 22nd to September 2nd - Battle of Albert - Péronne
  • 0September 3 to 7 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
  • 0September 8-17 - Defensive battle between Cambrai and St. Quentin
  • September 18-26 - Trench warfare in Lorraine
  • 0October 2-13 - defensive battle in Flanders
  • October 13th to November 4th - Fights in front of and in the Hermann position
  • 0November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the Antwerp- Maas position
  • from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march home

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Lieutenant General Ludwig of Hesse and by the Rhine 0April 7, 1867 to June 25, 1877
Major general Hermann von Wichmann June 26 to September 24, 1877 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant General Hermann von Wichmann September 25, 1877 to March 3, 1879
Major General / Lieutenant General /
General of the Cavalry 		Heinrich of Hessen and by the Rhine 0March 4, 1879 to July 6, 1887
Major general Friedrich von Wissmann 0July 7 to August 31, 1887 (substitute)
Major general Friedrich von Wissmann 0September 1 to November 14, 1887 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant General Friedrich von Wissmann November 15, 1887 to December 31, 1889
Lieutenant General Adolf von Bülow 0December 1, 1890 to January 26, 1895
Lieutenant General Heinrich von Goßler January 27, 1895 to August 26, 1896
Lieutenant General Friedrich von Müller August 27, 1896 to March 31, 1898
Lieutenant General Wilhelm Schilling of Cannstatt 0April 1, 1898 to January 8, 1900
Lieutenant General Georg von Perbandt 0January 9, 1900 to June 18, 1902
Lieutenant General Karl von Gall June 19, 1902 to October 15, 1906
Lieutenant General Hermann von Strantz October 16, 1906 to April 2, 1911
Lieutenant General Otto von Plüskow 0April 3, 1911 to December 31, 1913
Lieutenant General Walther von Lüttwitz 0January 1 to August 1, 1914
Major General / Lieutenant General Viktor Kuehne 0August 2, 1914 to September 3, 1916
Major General / Lieutenant General Hermann von Dresler and Scharfenstein 0September 4, 1916 to May 19, 1919

literature

  • Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 68, 124–125.
  • Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 351-354.
  • FW Deiß (ed.): The Hessians in World War 1914–1918. With the support of the Hessian State Archives, Verlaganstalt Dr. Wilhelm Glaß & Co. Charlottenburg. no year

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Tessin : German associations and troops 1918–1939. Biblio Publishing House. Osnabrück 1974. p. 82.
  2. ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 122.