3rd Royal Bavarian Division

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The 3rd Division , known as the 3rd Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Bavarian Army .

structure

Peace structure 1914

In 1914 the division was part of the II Army Corps .

Division of War of August 2, 1914

Division of War of February 7, 1918

  • 6th Infantry Brigade
    • 17th Infantry Regiment "Orff"
    • 18th Infantry Regiment "Prince Ludwig Ferdinand"
    • 23rd Infantry Regiment "King Ferdinand of the Bulgarians"
    • 4th squadron / 3rd squadron Chevaulegers Regiment "Duke Karl Theodor"
  • Bavarian artillery commander No. 3
    • 12th Field Artillery Regiment
    • Foot Artillery Battalion No. 43
  • 2nd Engineer Battalion
  • Bavarian division news commander No. 3

history

The large association was first formed on November 27, 1815 as an infantry division of the General Command of Würzburg. In the further course of their existence, the names changed several times. From June 1, 1822 to September 30, 1851 it was called the 3rd Infantry Division, then until March 31, 1872 the 3rd Army Division. In the meantime, from April 22, 1859 to January 31, 1869, it was named General Command Würzburg. In the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 she took a. a. participated in the battle of Wörth . On April 1, 1872, the division received its final designation 3rd Division.

The command was in Nuremberg from 1815 to March 31, 1901 and in the meantime in Ansbach from 1843 to 1848. From April 1, 1901, it was in Landau in the Palatinate .

First World War

The division was used at the beginning of the First World War as part of the 6th Army on the Western Front. She suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Messines in the summer of 1917 when, on June 7, 1917, Australian and English miners set off 19 mines out of a total of 26 in the tunnels they had dug under the Bavarian position at height 60 . This corresponded to an explosive force of 400 tons of ammonal (a mixture of ammonium nitrate and aluminum). The detonation was supposed to be heard as far as London. Up to 10,000 soldiers were killed in the explosion.

Battle calendar

1914

1915

1916

  • to June 23rd - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
  • June 24 to July 7 - Reconnaissance and demonstration skirmishes by the 6th Army in connection with the Battle of the Somme
  • 0July 7th to August 24th - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
  • August 24th to September 18th - Battle of the Somme
  • from October 1st - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois

1917

  • until January 31st - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
  • 0February 1 to March 22 - Trench warfare in French Flanders and Artois
  • March 22nd to April 9th ​​- Reserve of the OHL
  • 0April 9th ​​to 25th - Battle of Arras
  • April 26th to June 4th - Reserve of the OHL
  • 0June 4-8 - Battle of Messines
  • June 11th to July 15th - Reserve of the OHL
  • July 16-19 - trench warfare in front of Verdun
  • 19 July to 9 October - Trench warfare in Lorraine
  • October 10-18 - Trench warfare in Champagne
  • October 24th to November 2nd - rearguard battles on and south of the Ailette
  • from November 3rd - trench warfare north of the Ailette

1918

  • until March 20 - trench warfare north of the Ailette
  • March 21 to April 6 - Great battle in France
  • 0April 7th to June 8th - fights on the Avre and Montdidier - Noyon
  • 0June 9th to August 7th - fighting on the Avre and Matz
    • June 9-13 - Battle of Noyon
  • 0August 8th to September 3rd - defensive battle between the Somme and Oise
  • 0September 3rd to 17th - Fighting in front of the Siegfried Line
  • September 18-26 - Trench warfare in Lorraine
  • September 27th to October 10th - trench warfare in the Woëvre plain and west of the Moselle
  • October 11th to November 11th - Trench warfare in the Woëvre plain
  • from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied area, march back through Lorraine, the Rhine Province and the Palatinate to the homeland

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Friedrich Wilhelm Walther von Walderstötten 0January 8, 1869 to April 30, 1873
Lieutenant General Hugo von Diehl 0May 1, 1873 to July 23, 1878
Carl Anton von Weinrich July 24, 1878 to March 19, 1884
Maximilian von Heckel March 20, 1884 to March 5, 1887
Otto von Parseval 0March 6, 1887 to May 8, 1890
Karl von Hoffmann 0May 9, 1890 to May 20, 1893
Maximilian Karl Ernst Kühlmann May 21, 1893 to November 8, 1895
Lieutenant General Hermann von Haag 0November 9, 1895 to March 31, 1901
Lieutenant General Ludwig von Grauvogl 0April 1, 1901 to August 4, 1902
Oskar von Rittmann 0August 5, 1902 to April 9, 1905
Lieutenant General Friedrich von Lobenhoffer April 10, 1905 to December 19, 1909
Lieutenant General Friedrich Kreß von Kressenstein December 20, 1909 to March 13, 1913
Lieutenant General Otto von Breitkopf March 14, 1913 to March 6, 1915
Lieutenant General Karl von Wenninger 0March 6, 1915 to June 5, 1917
Lieutenant General Hugo von Huller 0June 6, 1917 to January 9, 1918
Major general Karl von Schoch January 10, 1918 to January 29, 1919

literature

  • Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 61, 90.
  • Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 80-82.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ James Edmonds (ed.): History of the Great War, based on official documents . Volume 4: Military Operations France and Belgium 1917 . Volume 2: June 7th - November 10th. Messines and Third Ypres (Passchendaele) . Macmillan, London 1948. p. 55.
  2. ^ First World War - 10,000 German soldiers were killed in an explosion http://www.n24.de/n24/Wissen/History/d/8432686/als-eine-explosion-10-000-deutsche-soldaten-toetete.html
  3. ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 663 f.