Dieuze

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Dieuze
Coat of arms of Dieuze
Dieuze (France)
Dieuze
region Grand Est
Department Moselle
Arrondissement Sarrebourg-Château-Salins
Canton Le Saulnois
Community association Saulnois
Coordinates 48 ° 49 '  N , 6 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 49 '  N , 6 ° 43'  E
height 205-245 m
surface 9.35 km 2
Residents 2,903 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 310 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 57260
INSEE code 57177
Website http://www.mairie-dieuze.fr/

Dieuze on a postcard from 1909

Template: Infobox municipality in France / maintenance / different coat of arms in Wikidata

Dieuze (German Duss ) is a small French town with 2903 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Moselle department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). The place belongs to the arrondissement of Sarrebourg-Château-Salins .

geography

Dieuze is located in the Saulnois an der Seille , 79 kilometers northwest of Strasbourg , 52 kilometers southeast of Metz and 41 kilometers northeast of Nancy , between the neighboring communities of Val-de-Bride in the northwest, Guébestroff in the north, Lindre-Haute in the east and Lindre-Basse in the south. South-west of Lindre-Basse is the 620 hectare Linderweiher (Étang de Lindre), where the Lorraine Regional Nature Park (Parc naturel régional de Lorraine) begins.

history

middle Ages

Dieuze was mentioned as Doso Vico on Merovingian coins. In 1006 it was officially referred to as Duosa curtis , in 1120 it appeared as Dosia in the copial book of the collegiate church of St-François-des-Cordeliers in Nancy, and in 1270 as Doza in the copial book of the Vergaville monastery . In 1525 it was named Dieuse , 1558 Thus and 1589 Dusa . A salt road , known in Germany as Duser Strasse , also passed through Dieuze .

Dieuze came as part of Lotharingia when the Franconian Empire was divided up in 880 by the Treaty of Ribemont to the East Franconian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation .

Early modern age

In the spring of 1525, Duziacum oppidum (Dieuze) was one of the (smaller) centers of the German Peasant War .

Until 1698, Dieuze was the seat of a castellany of the Habsburgs , which comprised 28 villages. Thereafter, Dieuze was until 1751 the seat of a Prévoté (Lorraine form of the bailiwick ) of the Duchy of Lorraine , which included 42 localities. The Duchy of Lorraine was assigned to the Polish King Stanislaus I. Leszczyński in the Peace of Vienna in 1738 , which ended the War of the Polish Succession , who restructured the administrative districts in 1751. The Duchy of Lorraine fell to France after Stanislaus' death in 1766.

Dieuze was German-speaking until around 1700; then the French advanced, to which the French fortifications and the immigration of Picards contributed.

Modern times

The Rue du Prel (Prelstraße) on a postcard from 1902

From 1790 Dieuze was the capital of a district in the Meurthe department . In 1793 the village received the status of a municipality in the course of the French Revolution and in 1801 the right to local self-government.

After the Franco-Prussian War , the town became part of the newly created state of Alsace-Lorraine of the German Empire through the Peace of Frankfurt in 1871 . In the following years Dieuze was the location of a German garrison. Towards the end of the 19th century, Dieuze was connected to the Nouvel-Avricourt-Sarralbe railway , which was in operation until 1966.

Dieuze part as a French-speaking town in the First World War to the last 247 municipalities whose name was Germanized on 2 September 1915th The name was changed to "Duss", which lasted until 1918.

The realm of Alsace-Lorraine existed until the end of the First World War and was then dissolved. Dieuze fell back to France. In 1922 Dieuze was awarded the Order of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918. After the Second World War , it received the Croix de guerre 1939–1945. Until 2015 Dieuze was the eponymous capital of the canton Dieuze, which was dissolved that year .

Population development

Number of inhabitants
(source: />)
year 1793 1831 1861 1886 1891 1896 1906 1911 1926 1936 1946 1962 1975 2006
Residents 3,097 4,044 3,203 2,767 5,786 6,278 5,893 3,160 2,407 3,462 2,498 3,563 4.141 3,789

The connection to the railway made it easier to transport and sell the salt from the saline. Between 1886 and 1891 the number of inhabitants increased accordingly and reached its highest value in 1896 (6278). Many residents left the community between 1906 and 1911; the community had the fewest residents in 1926 after the First World War. The town's growth in the 1930s was thwarted by World War II . Since then the population has increased again.

Rue du Prel 1996

politics

Dieuze belongs to the communal association Communauté de communes du Saulnois . It is twinned with Amay in Belgium .

The coat of arms of the municipality is red and shows three silver curved ribbons. Silver is shown in white in the heraldry color scheme . As early as 1616 there was a similar representation of the municipal coat of arms, but there was a Lorraine cross in the upper part. In the Armorial général de la France (1738–1786) Louis-Pierre d'Hozier wrote that the municipal coat of arms shows a black crossbar over which a Lorraine cross sits enthroned between two silver “Cs”. The letters and silver ribbons are believed to represent the Collégiale de chanoines de la Madeleine (Collegiate Church of the Canons of Verdun ), to which the village belonged before it became the property of the Duchy of Lorraine.

Culture and sights

A stork care station is operated at the Étang de Lindre, which is why there are a lot of storks in the area around Dieuze, which have even given up walking due to the good circumstances.

Dieuze is represented with three flowers in the Conseil national des villes et villages fleuris (National Council of Flowered Cities and Villages). The "flowers" are awarded in the course of a regional competition, whereby a maximum of three flowers can be achieved.

The old Dieuze saltworks have been known since the 11th century. In the Middle Ages it was fed with salt water ( brine ) from a well . In the 16th century the fountain was surrounded by protective walls and after 1765 the facility was enlarged. The saline was transformed into a small town with a chapel , a seigneurial oven (four banal) , a seigneurial wine press and barracks buildings. In the Ancien Régime the seigneur had the right to make an oven, a winepress and a mill available to the general public for a fee. The preserved parts of the saltworks date from the 18th and 19th centuries. They were entered in 1997 in the supplementary directory of the Monuments historiques (historical monuments).

Personalities

Copper engraving of Wolfgang Musculus by Theodor de Bry (16th century)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dieuze on Actuacity.com (French) Accessed on April 26 of 2010.
  2. ^ Guides Gallimard (ed.): Lorraine . Gallimard, Paris 2002, ISBN 978-2-7424-0908-2 , pp. 138 . (French)
  3. ↑ a b Dieuze on Annuaire-mairie.fr (French) Retrieved April 27, 2010
  4. ↑ Hermann Grohler: About the origin and meaning of the French place names . BiblioBazaar, 2008, ISBN 978-0-559-26315-6 , pp. 312 ( reprinted in Google Books [accessed April 27, 2010], original from 1913).
  5. ^ A b c Henri Lepage: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Meurthe . In: Société d'archéologie lorraine et du Musée historique lorrain (ed.): Dictionnaire topographique de la France . 6th edition. tape 14 , no. 18 . Imprimerie impériale, Paris 1862, p. XIV-XVII + 42 ( in Google Books [accessed April 27, 2010]). (French)
  6. ↑ Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands: the German territories from the Middle Ages to the present . In: Beck Historical Library . 7th edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 391 f . ( in Google Books [accessed April 10, 2010]). (French)
  7. ^ Henri Lepage: Le département de La Meurthe: statistique, historique et Administrative - Deuxième partie - 1843
  8. ↑ Railway Atlas France 1 = North . Schweers + Wall, Aachen 2015, p. 38.
  9. ↑ Ligne 13-3 ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ferrovi-est.ifrance.com
  10. ↑ Les 247 dernières communes à noms français, débaptisées seulement le 2 septembre 1915 (French) Accessed April 29, 2010; Railway Directorate Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate in Mainz of October 30, 1915, No. 54. Announcement No. 721, p. 350f.
  11. ↑ a b c Union des Cercles Génealogiques Lorrains ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French). Retrieved April 29, 2010 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.genealogie-lorraine.fr
  12. ^ Notice Communale .
  13. ^ Moselle, Palmarès des communes labellisées  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.cnvvf.fr  
  14. ↑ F. Chamerot: Histoire des paysans, depuis la fin du moyen âge jusqu'à nos jours, 1200-1850 . 1st edition. tape 1 . F. Chamerot, Paris 1856, p. 241-252 ( in Google Books [accessed April 28, 2010]). (French)
  15. ↑ The old saltworks in the Base Mérimée des Ministère de la culture (French) Retrieved on April 28, 2010
  16. ↑ Définitions, citations, synonymes, usage… d'après l'ouvrage d'Emile Littré (1863-1877) (French). Retrieved April 28, 2010
  17. ^ ABC des Gaumenschmaus, website of the Strasbourg Tourist Office , accessed on April 28, 2010

Web links

Commons : Dieuze  - collection of images, videos and audio files