Wolfgang Musculus
Wolfgang Musculus , actually Müslin , also Mäuslin (born September 8, 1497 in Dieuze ( Duss ), Lorraine , † August 30, 1563 in Bern ), was a Reformed theologian and reformer .
Live and act
Musculus - lat. "Mäuslein" a humanist name - was the son of Cooper Anton Mäuslin and Angela Sartori . He attended the renowned humanist schools in Rappoltsweiler , Colmar and Schlettstadt . In 1512 he entered the Benedictine monastery of Lixheim in German Lorraine , where he deepened his knowledge of the Latin classics and also dealt intensively with theology and music. A turning point for the monk was the confrontation with the writings of Martin Luther from 1518 onwards. As a 'Lutheran monk' and a popular and well-known preacher, Wolfgang Musculus stayed in Lixheim Monastery for ten years , which he finally left in 1527. He moved to Strasbourg , married the maid Margaretha Barth, with whom he had nine children, and worked for a few months as a weaver's apprentice. Six sons went to church service in Bern, including Abraham Musculus (1534–1591), who continued the chronicle of Johannes Haller and who in 1586 took part in the Mömpelgard religious discussion . In 1528 he became deacon at the side of Matthäus Zell at the Strasbourg cathedral . There he met the famous preacher Martin Bucer , with whom he was on friendly terms for life.
In 1531 he went to Augsburg :
- Here he helped through practical action and development of fundamental theoretical positions as a preacher in the Holy Cross or in the cathedral, theologian and participant in important embassies in a central position of the Reformation ... to a breakthrough .
After 17 years of activity, he left the city amid sharp protest because of the introduction of the Augsburg interim , in order to find acceptance in Bern after a sometimes dramatic escape. There he received a professorship for theology at the 'High School' in 1549 .
Main work
- Loci communes in usus sacrae theologiae candidatorum parati. Hervagiana, Basel 1560.
literature
- Henning Reinhardt: The Itinerar of Wolfgang Musculus (1536). In: Archive for the history of the Reformation. Vol. 97, 2006, ISSN 0003-9381 , pp. 28-82.
- Reinhard Bodenmann: Wolfgang Musculus. (1497-1563). Destin d'un autodidacte lorrain au siècle des Réformes. Etude basée sur la biographie établie par son fils, la correspondance personnelle et de nombreux autres documents d'époque (= Travaux d'Humanisme et Renaissance. Vol. 343). Droz, Geneva 2000, ISBN 2-600-00455-6 (also: Bern, Universität, habilitation paper, 1999).
- Rudolf Dellsperger , Rudolf Freudenberger, Wolfgang Weber (eds.): Wolfgang Musculus (1497–1563) and the Upper German Reformation (= Colloquia Augustana. Vol. 6). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-05-003204-9 .
- Reinhard Bodenmann: Musculus, Wolfgang. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Rudolf Dellsperger: Musculus, Wolfgang. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , pp. 627 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Hartmut Lohmann: Musculus (Müslin, Mäuslin), Wolfgang (Dusanus). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 381-383.
- Emil Blösch : Musculus, Wolfgang . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 95-97.
Web links
- Literature by and about Wolfgang Musculus in the catalog of the German National Library
- Map of the journey of Musculus during his time in Augsburg (maps on the history of Bavaria)
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Frei / Barbara Beck: Pictures of Life. History and art in portraits from Swabia . Oberschönenfeld 2002, p. 114
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Musculus, Wolfgang |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mueslin, Wolfgang; Mäuslin, Wolfgang |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | reformed theologian |
DATE OF BIRTH | September 8, 1497 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Dieuze , Lorraine |
DATE OF DEATH | August 30, 1563 |
Place of death | Bern |