Lixheim Monastery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Lixheim monastery in Lixheim , founded in 1107, abolished in 1550/51, was subordinate to the Benedictine monastery of St. Georgen in the Black Forest as a priory .

founding

The Lorraine male monastery Lixheim in the diocese of Metz was founded in 1107 by the St. Georgen abbot Theoger (1088-1119). The abbot was the one who channeled the wishes and ideas of Count Folmar V of Metz († 1111) and directed them into profitable and influential perspectives, at least for the St. Georgen monastery. Count Folmar - he was also the bailiff of the Metz bishop's church - therefore made his Lixheim castle available to the founding of the monastery, as well as property in Lixheim and Saaralben, and subordinated the monastic community that had formed to the Black Forest monastery . This subordination of Lixheim was first confirmed in a diploma from King Henry V (1106-1125) on January 28, 1108. The document also shows that the transfer of ownership of Lixheim to St. Georgen took place on the one hand in Strasbourg at Pentecost 1107 and in the presence of the king, and on the other hand in Lixheim "over the relics of St. George".

Further confirmations of the subordination of the Lixheim priory to the St. Georgen monastery followed: 1112 again by Emperor Heinrich V, in 1139 and 1179 in two St. Georgen Papal documents, in 1163 by Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa during the Alexandrian papal schism. In the period that followed, St. George's influence on Lixheim was preserved; it is said about 1265 that the monastery on the Brigach held the bailiwick over Lixheim, probably issued as a fiefdom.

In 1265 Abbot Dietmar von St. Georgen determined the number of monks in Lixheim to twelve with a prior.

Repeal

Around the middle of the 15th century, Lixheim was cremated by Armagnaks , damaged in the Peasants' War in 1525 , finally given up by the Benedictines in 1528 in exchange for compensation and secularized in 1550/51. In 1551, Elector Friedrich II negotiated with Pope Julius III. on the abolition of monasteries in the Electoral Palatinate area in favor of the University of Heidelberg , including the two former St. Georgen priories Lixheim and Graufthal . The Pope entrusted his legate to the Reichstag with the investigation, Sebastian Pighinus, Archbishop of Siponto-Manfredonia, who sent his secretary to Lixheim. He visited the monastery buildings on site and learned the story of a ghost that haunted them so that no one dared to enter the monastery at night, which the papal envoy recorded.

The following stories are linked to the ghost: In the Zimmerischen Chronicle wrote Froben Christoph von rooms that about 1564, Faust († 1541) the monks have Lixheimer angehext the ghost:

“He banished the munich in Lüxhaim in Wassichin to the closter, which they didn’t have contracts in vil jaren, and they wonderfully molested [molested], allain of the reason that they didn’t keep waves overnight he made the restless [restless] guest. "

- Froben Christoph von Zimmer, Zimmerische Chronik

The church historian Wundt took up the story, as did the local historian Girardin, who wrote that the ghost was the ghost of the heretic Musculus († 1563). The latter may be true in spirit, but not in terms of numbers, since Musculus was still alive then.

During the Thirty Years War , the monastery buildings were finally destroyed by Swedish troops.

literature

  • P. Eight: The recipient concept of an unfinished diploma of Frederick I. A contribution to the reforms of St. George. In: Communications from the Institute for Austrian History. Supplementary Volume 14, 1939, pp. 249-259.
  • M. Buhlmann: The German kings in their relationship to the medieval monastery of St. Georgen (= sources on the medieval history of St. George. Part V = Vertex Alemanniae. H. 9). St. Georgen 2004.
  • H.-J. Wollasch: The beginnings of the St. Georgen Monastery in the Black Forest. To develop the historical uniqueness of a monastery within the Hirsau reform. (= Research on the history of the Upper Rhine region. 14). Freiburg i.Br. 1964.
  • H.-J. Wollasch: The Benedictine Abbey of St. Georgen in the Black Forest and its relationships with monasteries west of the Rhine. In: 900 years of the city of St. Georgen in the Black Forest 1084–1984. Festschrift, ed. from the city of St. Georgen. St. Georgen 1984, pp. 45-61.
  • Documents relating to the Lixheim monastery. In: Magazine for the church and scholarly history of the Electorate of the Palatinate. Volume 2, Heidelberg 1790, pp. 249-285.

supporting documents

  1. ^ Franz Joseph Mone : Documents about Lorraine from the 12th to the 16th century. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine. Volume 13, Karlsruhe 1861, p. 62 f. No. 7
  2. ↑ Zimmerische Chronik. Volume 3, p. 530.
  3. ^ Daniel Ludwig Wundt: Retired monasteries in Electoral Palatinate. In: Magazine for the church and scholarly history of the Electorate of the Palatinate. Volume 1, Heidelberg 1789, p. 16 f.
  4. ^ Albert Girardin: Helleringen in the former principality of Lixheim. Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1983, p. 23.