Château-Salins
| Château-Salins | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Sarrebourg-Château-Salins | |
| Canton | Le Saulnois (main town) | |
| Community association | Saulnois | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 49 ′ N , 6 ° 30 ′ E | |
| height | 201-331 m | |
| surface | 10.76 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,464 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 229 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 57170 | |
| INSEE code | 57132 | |
 Château-Salins town hall |
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Château-Salins ( German obsolete / uncommon Salzburg or 1941-44 Salzburgen ) is a small French town with 2,464 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Moselle department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). Until 2015 it was the administrative seat (sub-prefecture, French Sous-préfecture ) of the arrondissement Château-Salins , the canton of the same name and is the seat of the communal association Communauté de communes du Saulnois .
geography
The village is located in Lorraine on the Seille , a right tributary of the Moselle .
history
Château-Salins forms the center of the Saulnois ( Pagus Salinensis , German Salzgau ). Both - town and region - owe their name to the salt production (French: salin means "salty"), which was operated here earlier, as well as the castle built in 1327 to protect the salt pans. For a long time the bishops of Metz and the dukes of Lorraine fought bloody feuds for possession of the village. The salt pans were shut down in 1826.
The village was first mentioned in 1195 as Castrum Sallum . In 1346 it appears as Chastel-Sallin in a contract, in 1347 as Saltzburg in the copial book of Mettlach Abbey and in 1348 as Chastelsalin in a contract.
From 1594 to 1698, Château-Salins was part of the Amance castellan , which was subordinate to the Nancy Bailliage . From 1698 Château-Salins was the seat of a Prévoté ( Bailiwick ) of the Duchy of Lorraine . The Duchy of Lorraine has been independent several times since it was founded as Lotharii Regnum by Lothar I. It later belonged temporarily to the Holy Roman Empire and also to France. In 1738 it was awarded to the Polish King Stanislaus I. Leszczyński (1677–1766) in the Peace of Vienna , which ended the War of the Polish Succession (1733–1738), and after his death in 1766 it fell to France. Stanislaus established royal bailliages instead of the prévotés in June 1751 . Château-Salins was one of these Bailliages. In 1766 these Bailliages, and thus also Château-Salins, were transformed into Subdélégations (subdivisions of an Intendance in the Ancien Régime ). During the French Revolution (1789-1799) the place was briefly called Salins Libre ("free Salins").
In 1793, Château-Salins received the status of a municipality as Chateau Salins in the course of the French Revolution and in 1801 the right to local self-government under its current name. In 1861, Château-Salins had 2,335 inhabitants. From 1801 to 1871 it belonged to the former Meurthe department , which was renamed Meurthe-et-Moselle in 1871 . In 1871, as a result of the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), the community was incorporated into the newly created realm of Alsace-Lorraine of the German Empire . According to the results of the census of December 1, 1900, Château-Salins was one of the two counties in Alsace-Lorraine with a French-speaking majority. In 1900 the village had a Catholic church, a synagogue , a Catholic teachers seminar , an agricultural winter school, a forest ranger and was the seat of a district court .
The Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine, founded in 1871, existed until the end of the First World War and was dissolved in 1920. From 1920 onwards, Château-Salins was in the Moselle department, which was formed from the former German district of Lorraine when it was re-assigned to France.
The French name Chateau-Salins was changed to Salzburg shortly after 1871 , which caused problems beyond the language conflict due to the risk of confusion with the better-known Salzburg , so that the French name form was reintroduced and was not affected by the wave of Germanization in 1915. After the de facto annexation in 1940, the German form of the name Salzburgen was introduced.
For the destruction in Château-Salins during the world wars, the community was awarded the Croix de guerre (1914-1918 and 1939-1945) (see also Synagogue ).
In 1975 the town of Coutures was incorporated, which in 1968 had 146 inhabitants.
Demographics
| year | population | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1871 | 2144 | in 321 buildings, including 38 Evangelicals, one Mennonite and 88 Jews |
| 1872 | 2323 | |
| 1890 | 2020 | |
| 1900 | 2217 | mostly Catholic residents, according to other information, 2329 residents |
| 1910 | 2402 |
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
| Residents | 2174 | 2246 | 2479 | 2461 | 2437 | 2470 | 2552 | 2464 |
politics
Twin cities
- Birkenfeld (Nahe) in Germany
- Kraśnik in Poland
coat of arms
The former coat of arms of the municipality was redesigned in the 18th century. The new coat of arms is divided into two halves. The right half is gold and bears a vertical red bar with three silver alérions (mutilated eagles), it corresponds to the coat of arms of the Duchy of Lorraine. The left side is red and shows a silver shell in the middle .
Personalities
- Henri Grégoire (1750–1831), priest, bishop and politician who was vicar in Château-Salins after his ordination.
- Arsène Darmesteter (1846–1888), Romance studies, linguist and lexicographer
- Else von Richthofen (1874–1973), social scientist
- Friedrich Weber (1892–1974), German officer (lieutenant general)
- Philippe Gaillot (* 1965), former football player
Web links
- Private website about Château-Salins (French)
- Private website about the organ in the Church of St-Jean-Baptiste (French)
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Georg Lang: The government district of Lorraine. Statistical-topographical manual, administrative schematic and address book , Metz 1874, p. 169 ( online ).
- ^ A b Henri Lepage: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Meurthe . In: Société d'archéologie lorraine et du Musée historique lorrain (ed.): Dictionnaire topographique de la France . 6th edition. tape 14 , no. 18 . Imprimerie impériale, Paris 1862, p. xivf + 4 + 30 ( in Google Books [accessed March 30, 2010]). (French)
- ↑ Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands: the German territories from the Middle Ages to the present . In: Beck Historical Library . 7th edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 391 f . ( in Google Books [accessed March 30, 2010]). (French)
- ↑ a b c d M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
- ↑ Foreign-language minorities in the German Reich, census from December 1, 1900 ( Memento of the original from April 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 3, Leipzig / Vienna 1905, p. 900 ( online );
- ↑ a b Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui (French)
- ^ Ferdinand Mentz: The Germanization of place names in Alsace-Lorraine . ( Memento of November 28, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) From: Journal of the General German Language Association, Volume 31, 1916, pp. 4–8 and 40–46; see here second main paragraph, first paragraph.
- ↑ Information on the district on www.territorial.de , information on the community names on www.territorial.de
- ↑ a b Union des Cercles Génealogiques Lorrains ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ^ Complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Alsace-Lorraine. Contains: the cities, towns, villages, castles, communities, hamlets, mines and steel works, farms, mills, ruins, mineral springs, etc. with details of the geographical location, factory, industrial and other commercial activity, the post, railway u. Telegraph stations and the like historical notes etc. Adapted from official sources by H. Rudolph. Louis Zander, Leipzig 1872, Sp. 54 ( online )
