17th Division (German Empire)
17th division |
|
---|---|
active | October 11, 1866 to September 1919 |
Country | Kingdom of Prussia |
Armed forces | Prussian Army |
Type | division |
structure | See: Outline |
headquarters |
Kiel (1866–1871)
Schwerin (1871-1919) |
Participation in battles | Franco-German War |
Commanders | |
Please refer: | List of commanders |
The 17th Division , also known as the 17th Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Prussian Army .
Lineup
The division was established in Kiel on October 11, 1866 and was one of several mixed units of the Prussian Army. It was recruited from contingents of the Hanseatic cities and the Grand Duchies of Mecklenburg . The 33rd Infantry Brigade consisted of contingents from Hamburg and Bremen , and until the formation of the new Infantry Regiment No. 162, that from Lübeck . The 34th (Grand Ducal Mecklenburg) Infantry Brigade consisted of the contingents of the Grand Duchies of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The 81st Infantry Brigade, formed in 1897, contained the two regiments from Lübeck and the Prussian Schleswig-Holstein . The division cavalry formed the 17th (Grand Ducal Mecklenburg) cavalry brigade with two dragoon regiments from Mecklenburg and at times a Prussian cavalry regiment. The 17th Artillery Brigade, which was formed in 1899, was made up of two artillery regiments, the Holstein Field Artillery Regiment No. 24 garrisoned in Güstrow and Neustrelitz and the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60 , which together with the brigade staff in Schwerin was in garrison.
structure
While the division was still subordinate to the VIII. Army Corps when it was mobilized in 1870 , it was later subordinate to the IX. Army Corps .
Franco-German War
-
33rd Infantry Brigade
- Fusilier Regiment No. 36
- 75th Infantry Regiment
- 76th Infantry Regiment
- 34th Infantry Brigade
- 17th Cavalry Brigade
Peace structure 1914
-
33rd Infantry Brigade in Altona
- Infantry Regiment "Bremen" (1st Hanseatic) No. 75 in Bremen and Stade
- Infantry Regiment "Hamburg" (2nd Hanseatic) No. 76 in Hamburg
- 34th Infantry Brigade (Grand Ducal Mecklenburg) in Schwerin
- 81st Infantry Brigade in Lübeck
- 17th Cavalry Brigade in Schwerin
-
17th Field Artillery Brigade in Schwerin
- Holstein Field Artillery Regiment No. 24 in Güstrow and Neustrelitz
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60 in Schwerin
Organization of war during mobilization in 1914
-
33rd Infantry Brigade
- Bremen Infantry Regiment (1st Hanseatic) No. 75
- Hamburg Infantry Regiment (2nd Hanseatic) No. 76
-
34th Infantry Brigade
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment Kaiser Wilhelm No. 90
- Lauenburg Jäger Battalion No. 9
- Staff and 3rd Squadron / 2. Hanover Dragoons Regiment No. 16
-
17th Field Artillery Brigade
- Holstein Field Artillery Regiment No. 24
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60
- 1st Company / Schleswig-Holstein Pioneer Battalion No. 9
Division of War of May 21, 1918
-
34th Infantry Brigade
- Bremen Infantry Regiment (1st Hanseatic) No. 75
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment Kaiser Wilhelm No. 90
- MG Sniper Division No. 75
- 4th Squadron / 2nd Hanover Dragoons Regiment No. 16
-
Artillery Commander No. 17
- Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60
- 1st Battalion / Foot Artillery Regiment No. 24
- Engineer Battalion No. 126
- Division News Commander No. 17
history
After the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, the command was in Schwerin until it was demobilized and finally dissolved in 1919 .
Franco-German War
At the beginning of the war the large formation was a reserve division before being dispatched to the sieges of Metz and Paris in September 1870 . She then took part in the Loire campaign and fought in the battles of Loigny-Poupry , the second Orléans battle , Beaugency-Cravant and Le Mans .
First World War
The division was used exclusively on the Western Front during the war . At the beginning of the First World War she was involved in the advance through Luxembourg , Belgium to France and fought in the battle of St. Quentin and the Marne . One of their brigades was involved in the capture of Liege . In 1916 she fought in the Battle of the Somme and in 1917 in the Third Battle of Flanders . The division took part in the 1918 spring offensive and in the retreat battles of the Hundred Days Offensive .
Battle calendar
1914
- Conquest of Liège August 4th to 16th -
- August 18-19 - Battle of the Gete
- 23rd to 24th August - Battle of Mons
- August 26th - Battle at Genly
- August 29-30 - Battle of St. Quentin
- Château-Thierry September 2-3 - Battle at
- September 4th - Battle at Vieils-Maisons-Montmirails
- Leuze September 5th - Battle at
- Ourcq September 5th to 9th - Battle of
- from September 12th - fighting on the Aisne
1915
- to October 12th - fighting on the Aisne
- October 16 to November 3 - Autumn battle in Champagne
- from November 4th - Trench warfare in Champagne
1916
- until June 15 - trench warfare in Champagne
- June 15 to July 5 - Reserve of the OHL at Mézières
- Battle of the Somme July 8th to September 14th -
- September 19 to December 24 - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- from December 25th - trench warfare on the Somme
1917
- until March 15 - trench warfare on the Somme
- March 16 to April 8 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
- Spring battle near Arras April 9th to 26th -
- April 26th to May 31st - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
- June 1-6 - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- Army Group "Crown Prince Rupprecht" June 7th to 12th - Reserve of the
- June 13th to July 30th - Battle of Flanders
- July 31 to August 6 - Reserve of the Army Group "Crown Prince Rupprecht"
- Siegfriedstellung August 7th to September 22nd - fighting in the
- September 23 to October 12 - autumn battle in Flanders
- from October 13th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
1918
- February 15th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- February 15 to March 18 - OHL reserves in the 6th Army
- March 19-20 - Deployment for the Great Battle of France
- March 21 to April 6 - Great battle in France
- Albert April 7 to July 16 - Fights between Arras and
- July 17-25 - Trench warfare in Flanders
- July 26th to August 3rd - Mobile defensive battle between Marne and Vesle
- August 4th to September 3rd - trench warfare on the Vesle
- September 3 to 18 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Front
- September 19-27 - Fights in the Siegfried Line
- September 28-30 - trench warfare north of the Ailette
- October 1st to 9th - defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
- October 10th to 12th - fighting on the Hunding and Brunhild fronts
- October 13-17 - Fights on the Aisne and Aire
- October 18-23 - Battle of Vouziers (parts of the division)
- 17th to 25th October - Defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
- October 25th to November 1st - defensive battle in the Hunding position
- 2nd to 4th November - trench warfare on the Aisne
- Antwerp- Maas position November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the
- from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march home
Commanders
Rank | Surname | date |
---|---|---|
Lieutenant General | Adolf von Rosenberg-Gruszczynski | October 20, 1866 to July 13, 1870 |
Lieutenant General | Gustav von Schimmelmann | July 18 to November 1870 |
Lieutenant General | Hermann von Tresckow | November 14, 1870 to January 29, 1871 (Führer) |
Lieutenant General | Gustav von Schimmelmann | January 30, 1871 to March 19, 1872 |
Lieutenant General | Ludwig von Schlotheim | March 20, 1872 to April 5, 1880 |
Lieutenant General | Hermann Ludwig von Wartensleben | April 6, 1880 to August 20, 1884 |
Lieutenant General | Walther Bronsart von Schellendorff | August 21, 1884 to July 11, 1888 |
Lieutenant General | Otto von Derenthall | July 12, 1888 to March 14, 1890 |
Lieutenant General | Karl Finck von Finckenstein | March 24, 1890 to January 26, 1895 |
Lieutenant General | Ernst von Petersdorff | January 27, 1895 to May 14, 1897 |
Lieutenant General | Anton Herwarth von Bittenfeld | May 20, 1897 to June 8, 1900 |
Major general | Klaus from and to Egloffstein | June 9 to July 8, 1900 (in charge of the tour) |
Lieutenant General | Klaus from and to Egloffstein | July 9, 1900 to May 17, 1903 |
Lieutenant General | Günther von Kirchbach | May 18, 1903 to September 18, 1907 |
Lieutenant General | Kurt von Pritzelwitz | October 1, 1907 to February 8, 1911 |
Lieutenant General | Gotthard Nickisch from Rosenegk | February 9, 1911 to February 3, 1913 |
Lieutenant General | Hans von Winterfeld | February 4, 1913 to March 2, 1914 |
Lieutenant General | Arnold von Bauer | March 3 to October 14, 1914 |
Lieutenant General | Theodor Stengel | October 15, 1914 to May 10, 1916 |
Lieutenant General | Hans von Minckwitz | May 11, 1916 to January 1, 1917 |
Lieutenant General | Arthur of Gabain | January 2, 1917 to July 30, 1918 |
Lieutenant General | Siegfried von Held | August 1, 1918 to January 19, 1919 |
Major general | Johannes von Busse | January 20 to September 30, 1919 |
literature
- Hein: The little book about the German army. Verlag Lipsius & Tischer, 1901, Reprint Weltbildverlag GmbH, Augsburg 1998, ISBN 3-8289-0271-5 .
- Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 66, 115.
- Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 275-278.
Individual evidence
- ^ Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German armies 1815-1939. Volume 1. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, p. 114
- ^ A b Claus von Bredow, Ernst von Wedel: Historical ranking and master list of the German Army. Part 1. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1972, ISBN 978-37648-0847-1 , p. 524 ff.
- ↑ Pflieger: Holstein Field Artillery Regiment No. 24 (= memorial sheets of German regiments. Issue 50). Verlag Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg / Berlin 1922, p. 7 f.
- ↑ see Hugo von Kottwitz , 33rd Infantry Brigade
- ↑ Bredow, p. 524.
- ↑ Hermann Cron: Hall of Fame of our old army. Berlin 1935.
- ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 114.