Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60

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Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60

active March 25, 1899 to May 31, 1919
Country Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Armed forces Prussian Army
Branch of service artillery
Type regiment
structure - regimental staff,

- 2 artillery departments with staff and 3 batteries each (6 guns, 6 ammunition cars, a battery squad and an observation car per battery)
- 2 columns of light ammunition

Strength 1,352 men,

36 guns:
18 field cannons 96 nA 77 mm
18 light field howitzers 98 105 mm

Insinuation IX. Army Corps
17th Division
17th Field Artillery Brigade
Location Schwerin

The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment. No. 60 was a 1899 to 1919 existing artillery joined the Prussian army .

history

On March 25, 1899 (Foundation Day) on October 1, the 1st and 4th divisions in Altona formed the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60. The new construction of the municipal barracks had to precede the reorganization. Likewise, the construction of the fair, which is located at one of the most beautiful points of the residential city with a view of the castle.

In 1905 the regiment sent three officers, several NCOs and men to the campaign in German South West Africa , which suppressed the Nama and Hereros uprising .

In 1911 the regiment took part in the imperial maneuvers in the area of Woldegk . They were preceded by a parade in front of the Kaiser in Hamburg.

The following year saw the conversion of the second cannon division into a howitzer division. The howitzer was a pipe return howitzer 98/09. The field cannon was a good gun, but it did not carry as far as the French field cannon. It was called Kanone 96 nA and was introduced to the I. Department in 1906 with protective shields and a return brake. She did not receive the panoramic telescope until years later.

On May 5, 1913, the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Mecklenburg Artillery Corps took place, which was formed on March 25, 1813. Many thousands of veterans and former members of the Mecklenburg artillery had come; the parade, in which the regiment under Colonel von Woyna and all relatives took part separately by batteries, was attended by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV, as did the march past. In the afternoon there was a feast and a cozy get-together in the individual batteries. On the previous afternoon, the parade was preceded by an equestrian festival in the presence of the Grand Duke, led by Major von Aigner. Officers, NCOs and men took part in the demonstrations.

The corps maneuver of the IX. Army Corps, which took place in the Schwerin area that same year, was attended by the grand ducal family; On the last day, all Mecklenburg troops, with the exception of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Jäger Battalion No. 14 stationed in Colmar , marched past the Grand Duke in the Old Garden.

The following year 1914 led to the target practice in the Munster camp. The regiment arrived there on Monday, July 27, 1914. On Wednesday the order came that the regiment should be loaded immediately to Schwerin. On Friday the official telegram: “Impending danger of war”.

Regimental structure as of August 2, 1914
Structure of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60, beginning of August 1914

First World War

10.5 cm field howitzer 98/09
Field cannon 96 nA 7.7 cm

On July 31, 1914, at around 3 p.m., the telegram from the General Command of IX. Army Corps (Altona) at the regiment. In a side note on page 2 of the local newspaper, the Mecklenburgische Zeitung of August 1, 1914 in its evening edition, it said:

“ Prohibition: The Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior announces: After the decree of the commanding General of the IX. Army Corps at Altona from July 31st of this year, relevant declaration of the state of war, publications and communications on military matters are absolutely prohibited; Violations of this prohibition will be severely punished. "

With the emperor's mobilization order of August 1, 1914, the activities of the field artillery regiment No. 60 began to accelerate the approach of troops for the moment of strategic surprise of the declared enemy, France. Nevertheless, the official declaration of war by the German Reich was issued to the Russian Empire on August 1st.

Mobilization plan: (probable variant) The active officers and men as well as the arriving reservists must carry out the mobilization and finish it as planned:

A. By the evening of the 1st mobilization day 6:00 p.m. are ready to march: Staff II. Division, 4th, 5th and 6th batteries. 4th, 5th and 6th batteries without 3rd trains.
B. Beginning of the accelerated implementation of troop transport II. Department / FAR-60 with staff II. Department, 4th, 5th and 6th battery without 3rd trains and with two squadrons per battery, from the Schwerin freight yard on the 1st day of mobilization by midnight at the latest.
C. Until the evening of the 5th day of mobilization: The 3rd platoons of the 2nd division enter under command of the 1st division / FAR-60 and are brought to war strength.
D. By the evening of the 7th day of mobilization: the regimental staff, staff I department, 1st, 2nd and 3rd batteries, light ammunition columns I and II departments as well as the 3rd platoons of the II department must be in full marching readiness / FAR-60.

Under the command of the 34th Mixed Brigade

The II. Division of the Field Artillery Regiment No. 60 ( abbreviation: II./FAR-60) begins the rail transport to the Aachen area on August 2, 1914 at around 8:00 p.m. Unloading location Herzogenrath, 12 km north of Aachen. Unloading of the II. Department / FAR-60 on August 3, 1914, approx. 8:00 p.m.

Railway route of Division II / FAR-60 for the accelerated approach to the staging area

After reaching the destination, the 2nd Division was placed under the command of the 34th Mixed Brigade.

Formation of the 34th Mixed Brigade on August 4, 1914, 8:00 a.m. in the Prussian Forest, southwest of Aachen.

The 34th mixed brigade was entrusted with a further five brigades and the Higher Cavalry Command No. 2 with the task of taking the fortress city of Liège by surprise (taking it by surprise), and subsequently the twelve forts around Liège, with reinforcements and freshly brought in Eliminate forces and prepare the space for the strategic development of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Armies.

Battle calendar

1914
  • 0August 4th to 14th - Fighting for the conquest of Liège and its fort belt
  • August 18-19 - Battle of the Gete
  • 23rd to 24th August - Battle of Mons
  • August 26th - Battle of Genly, as part of continuation of the Battle of Mons
  • August 30th - Battle of St. Quentin
  • 0September 4 - Skirmishes at Viels-Maisons- Montmirail
  • 0September 5th - Battles near Leuze
  • 0September 6-7 - Battles near Montceau – Esternay
  • 0September 5th to 9th - Battle of Ourcq
  • September 10 - Rearguard battles at Neuilly, St. Front and Crépy en Valois
  • from September 12th - Battle of the Aisne
    • December 21, 23 and 25 - Fights in the Bois St. Mard
1915
  • to October 12th - fighting on the Aisne
    • 0January 8-14 - Battle of Soissons (4th and 6th batteries)
    • January 17 to September 19 - Trench warfare west of Roye – Noyon
  • October 16 to November 3 - Autumn battle in Champagne
  • from November 4th - Trench warfare in Champagne
    • December 7th - capture of the Arbre Altitude 193, west of Tahure
1916
  • until June 15 - trench warfare in Champagne
    • February 27 - Navarin position removed
    • May 27th - Patrol company west of Navarin-Ferme
  • 0July 5th to September 30th - Battle of the Somme
  • 0October 1st to December 24th - trench warfare in the Artois
1917
  • 0January 9th to March 15th - Trench warfare on the Somme
  • March 16-18 - trench warfare in front of the Siegfried Front
  • 0June 9th to July 21st - preparatory battles for the summer battle in Flanders
  • July 21st to August 1st - Summer Battle in Flanders
  • 0August 2 to September 23 - fighting in the Siegfried position
  • September 24th to October 12th - 1917 autumn battle in Flanders
  • from October 15 - trench warfare in the Artois
1918
  • until March 7th - trench warfare in the Artois
  • 0March 8-20 - Deployment for the Great Battle of France
  • March 21 to April 6 - Great battle in France
    • March 21 to 23 - Monchy – Cambrai breakthrough battle
    • March 24-25 - Battle of Bapaume
    • March 25th - Battle at Sapignies
  • 0April 5 - Battle at Burcquoy
  • 0April 7-12 - Fights between Arras and Albert
  • May 24th to June 22nd - Fights between Arras and Albert
  • July 29th to August 3rd - The mobile defensive battle between Marne and Vesle
  • 0August 4th to September 3rd - trench warfare on the Vesle
  • 0September 4 to 18 - fighting in front of the Siegfried position
  • September 19-27 - fighting in the Siegfried position
  • September 28-29 - Trench warfare north of Ailette
  • September 30th to October 9th - defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
    • September 8th - Fights at Bemont-Ferme
  • October 10-12 - Fighting on the Hunding and Brunhild fronts
    • October 10-12 - Fights in front of the Aisne and Airefront
  • October 13-16 - Fighting on the Aisne and Aire
  • 17th to 25th October - Defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
    • 17th to 25th October - defensive battle between Argonne and Maas
  • October 26th to November 1st - defensive battle in the Hunding position
  • 02nd to 4th November - trench warfare on the Aisne
  • 0November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the Antwerp-Maas position
  • November 11th - Compiegne Armistice
  • from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march home

Whereabouts

After the armistice , the association returned to the garrison in Schwerin, was demobilized on February 1, 1919 and dissolved at the end of May 1919. Various free formations were formed from parts , such as the Voluntary Field Artillery Regiment 60 and other volunteer batteries. The parts of the Voluntary Field Artillery Regiment 60 went into the formation of the Provisional Reichswehr as a staff of the I. Department in the light Reichswehr Artillery Regiment 9.

The tradition took over in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of the Army Command General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt from August 24, 1921 the training battery of the 2nd (Prussian) Artillery Regiment in Schwerin. In the Wehrmacht , the 12th Artillery Regiment in Schwerin and Rostock continued the tradition.

Regiment chief

On March 25, 1913, Kaiser Wilhelm II appointed Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV as head of the regiment .

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Colonel Max von Hanstein 0October 1, 1899 to September 13, 1900
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ludwig von Aster September 14, 1900 to April 10, 1906
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich von Reichenbach April 24, 1906 to May 21, 1912
Colonel Wilhelm von Woyna May 22, 1912 to February 16, 1914
Colonel Otto von Fumetti February 17, 1914 to September 12, 1916
major Gebhard Gans zu Putlitz September 13, 1916 to October 29, 1918
major Wilhelm von Liebenau October 30, 1918 to January 24, 1919
Lieutenant colonel Max von Peschke January 25 to February 1919
Lieutenant colonel Viktor von Aigner February 1919 until dissolution

memory

monument

In 1923, across from the Schwerin artillery barracks that have been preserved to this day, the bronze monument " Kriemhild " was erected according to a design by Wilhelm Wandschneider for the fallen soldiers of the regiment. It was unveiled on May 27, 1923; after 1945 it fell victim to destruction.

literature

  • Jürgen Kraus : Handbook of the associations and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part IX: Field Artillery. Volume 1, Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-902526-15-1 , p. 267.
  • History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60 in the World War 1914-18. Printed by Hermann Kampen, Hamburg 1921.

Web links

Commons : Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 60  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Mecklenburgische Zeitung" of August 1st, 1914, No. 354, Volume 157, Page 2.
  2. ↑ compare Döbrich, JH; Bickel, J.-H., Mobilization and Out March of the Field Artillery Regiment No. 25, 1914, p. 11.
  3. ↑ History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 60 in the World War 1914–1918. Hermann Kampen, Hamburg 1921, p. 301 f.
  4. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments by the foundation or listing up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , p. 282.