1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7

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Regimental sign

The field artillery regiment "Princess Carl von Prussia" (1st Westphalian) No. 7 was a on February 29, 1816 by King Friedrich Wilhelm III. Artillery donated by Prussia joined the Prussian Army , the oldest battery of which can be traced back to 1688.

history

Origins of the regiment

The regiment was formed together with a guard and seven other line artillery brigades from the main companies of the artillery brigades that fought against Napoleon in the wars of freedom - the Prussian artillery brigade, the Brandenburg artillery brigade and the Silesian artillery brigade. The oldest sub-unit of the Prussian Artillery Brigade was its 3rd mounted company, established in 1688. The regiment was the unit set up in the area of ​​the VII Army Corps . After the province of his garrison, it was initially called the 2nd Rhenish Artillery Brigade . In April 1816 it was renamed the 7th Artillery Brigade and in 1824 was given the addition "Westphalian".

The regiment was made up of eight mobile batteries and six immobile companies and then consisted of twelve foot, three mounted and one craft company. The mobile batteries had all participated in the wars of liberation and distinguished themselves in various battles.

Regiment 1816/1913

From these fifteen companies three departments were formed, which were given the locations in Cologne , Koblenz and Düsseldorf . In 1832 Münster and Wesel took the place of Cologne and Koblenz. 

In 1850, the 7th Westphalian Artillery Brigade was renamed the 7th Artillery Regiment, which was replaced by Westphalian Artillery Brigade No. 7 in 1860. The headquarters of the brigade staff was Münster. In 1864, due to the progressive development of weapons, the association was divided into the Westphalian Fortress Artillery Regiment No. 7 and the Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7. The foot divisions were now stationed in Cologne, Wesel and Minden, the mounted division in Wesel.

The regiment fought victoriously in the German-Danish War in 1864 , in the Prussian-Austrian War in 1866 and in the Franco-German War in 1870/71 .

Due to the further specialization in weapons technology, the fortress artillery left the brigade in 1872. The regiment, which had since grown to 14 to 15 batteries, was divided into two new regiments, the Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7, Division Artillery in Münster and the Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7, Corps Artillery in Wesel. The foot departments have been renamed field departments. Both regiments together formed the 7th Field Artillery Brigade . In 1874 the regiment in Münster was finally renamed the 2nd Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 22 and the regiment in Wesel as the 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7. Despite the various restructuring measures, the regiment still had three foot companies (4th, 8th and 9th), now referred to as 1st, 2nd and 3rd batteries, and the three mounted batteries.

In 1887 the 1st mounted battery was placed under the regiment. It was the oldest battery in the regiment, as it was the battery that had been under the Prussian Artillery Brigade as the 3rd regular horse company before 1809. It went back to the 2nd Horse Company from the time before 1806, which in turn can be traced back to 1688. 

Between 1891 and 1897 a new barracks for the I. and III. Department established. In July 1895 the garrison of the mounted division of the 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7 moved from Wesel to the barracks at Kaiserhain (Düsseldorf- Derendorf ).

In 1899 the 14th Field Artillery Brigade was formed from the regiment , consisting of the 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7, consisting of the previous I. and Riding Department and the Cleve Field Artillery Regiment No. 43 , consisting of the previous II. and III. Department composed. As a result, the remaining riding batteries were converted into traveling batteries.

The regiment, belonging to the 14th Division , now consisted of:

  • Regimental headquarters in Wesel
    • I. Department in Wesel
      • 1. Mobile battery (founded in 1913)
      • 2. Mobile battery (founded in 1893)
      • 3. Mobile battery (founded in 1813)
    • II. Department in Düsseldorf
      • 4. Mobile battery (founded in 1913)
      • 5. Mobile battery (founded in 1866)
      • 6. Mobile battery (founded in 1813)

Calls

The 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7 in the autumn battle near La Bassée-Loos on September 25, 1915 (detail of a painting by Theodor Rocholl from 1917 based on a sketch "on the spot")

The regiment or substantial parts of the regiment took part in the following battles and skirmishes:

Wars of Liberation 1813/15

Schleswig-Holstein survey 1849

German-Danish War 1864

German War 1866

Franco-German War 1870/71

First World War

At the beginning of the First World War , the regiment mobilized on August 2, 1914 and subsequently fought in the great battles on the Western Front :

According to the ordinance of the War Ministry of January 16, 1917, the association was converted to a III. Department expanded. In mid-April of the same year, the subordination of the association changed and the regiment came to the 236th Infantry Division , to which it belonged until December 13, 1918 after the end of the war.

The casualties amounted to 21 officers and 357 NCOs and men who were killed and 51 officers and 811 NCOs and men to the wounded.

Demobilization

After the end of the war, the regiment began to march back home, where it was demobilized in Herford on December 13, 1918 .

Free Corps

The volunteer formations Freiwillige Batterie " Jauch " and Freiwillige Batterie "Hasenclever", which took part in the fight against the Red Ruhr Army , were formed from parts .

Traditional bearer

The tradition was initially taken over in the Reichswehr by the 12th battery of the 6th (Prussian) artillery regiment in Verden (Aller) . In the Bundeswehr, it continued the 150 rocket artillery battalion in Artillery Regiment 7 in Hamminkeln near Wesel until its dissolution on December 31, 2002 . The 7th Artillery Regiment was disbanded with the 7th Panzer Division to which it was subordinate. The 7th Panzer Division was decommissioned on June 30, 2006. The units subordinate to it were either disbanded, restructured into equipment units or transferred to the Air Mobile Operations Division (DLO) (e.g. the 14th Panzer Brigade ) and the Reaction Division / 1. Armored Division (e.g. the Armored Brigade 21 ).

Regimental flag

On May 26, 1816, the regiment received by royal command as a sign of appreciation for the bravery of its units in the wars of liberation, a flag awarded. This remained after the various divisions with Field Artillery Regiment No. 7 and was taken into the field in the wars of 1864, 1866 and 1870/71. The flag was adorned with the various awards given for participation in the war, including the iron cross at the top and flag ribbons . After it was determined in 1900 that the field artillery should in principle no longer carry flags, the flag passed into the exclusive property of the split-off Foot Artillery Regiment No. 7.

Princess Carl of Prussia (1808–1877), head of the regiment, painting by Julius Schoppe 1838

Regiment chief

In recognition of the services of the regiment in the campaign of 1864, King Wilhelm I appointed his sister-in-law Princess Marie of Prussia ( Marie von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach ) as head of the regiment on December 7, 1865 , there as well as in accordance with the practice at the time , Called Princess Carl of Prussia. She was the mother of Friedrich Karl von Prussia , who in 1864 as general of the cavalry was in command of the Prussian troops in Schleswig-Holstein , on April 18, 1864, with the participation of batteries of the regiment , stormed the Düppeler Schanzen and thus in the German-Danish War won the decisive victory for Prussia and Austria . The regiment is one of the few field artillery regiments that has a princely person as chief in their rankings.

Commanders

“The old man” - Major General Eduard von Tuchsen (1775–1839), fig. As colonel and commander of the 7th Artillery Brigade 1821–1834.
Rank Surname date
Colonel / Major General Ernst Andreas von Röhl February 29, 1816 to June 21, 1821
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Eduard von Tuchsen June 22, 1821 to January 25, 1834
major Ferdinand von Schlemmer March 30, 1834 to March 29, 1835 (in charge of the tour)
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ferdinand von Schlemmer March 30, 1835 to January 20, 1847
Colonel Karl Adolf von Strotha January 21, 1847 to March 2, 1848
major Slevogt 0March 7, 1848 to July 30, 1849
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Bernhard Leonhardi 0August 1, 1849 to October 12, 1853
Colonel August von Kirchfeldt October 13, 1853 to April 4, 1857
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Georg Albano by Jacobi April 30, 1857 to June 30, 1860
Colonel Karl von Graberg 0October 1, 1860 to June 24, 1864
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hans von Bülow June 25, 1864 to January 13, 1868
Lieutenant colonel Rudolf von Mechow January 14, 1868 to March 2, 1870
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Rudolf von Helden-Sarnowski 0March 3 to November 1, 1870
Colonel Wilhelm Minameyer 0November 2, 1870 to October 25, 1872
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl von Eynatten October 26, 1872 to March 12, 1877
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Adolf von Schell March 13, 1877 to December 9, 1878
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl von Herget December 10, 1878 to February 10, 1886
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl Nernst February 11, 1886 to March 23, 1890
Colonel Paul Krahn March 24, 1890 to August 24, 1891
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich Thoncke August 25, 1891 to July 27, 1897
Colonel Paul von Salzmann July 28, 1897 to September 30, 1899
Colonel Otto Steinhardt 0October 1, 1899 to April 17, 1901
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Christian Klein April 18, 1901 to May 17, 1905
Dignity. Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Albert von Breuning May 18, 1905 to March 19, 1911
Colonel Ernst Faustmann March 20, 1911 to May 30, 1912
Colonel Maximilian von Reitzenstein May 31, 1912 to December 23, 1914
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ernst Wilberg December 24, 1914 to April 18, 1916
Lieutenant colonel Adolf von Nachtigal April 19, 1916 to February 1917
major Gustav Scherer February 1917 to September 1918
major Max Sixt from Armin September 1918 until dissolution

Known members of the regiment

August Willich (right)
fighting in the American Civil War

In Vormärz , the years before the revolution of 1848/49, the Münster and Wesel locations were a refuge for subversion and republican ideas. The regiment consisted of soldiers and officers who met in democratic circles and held political discussions, especially in Münster. Subsequently, they served partly as commanders of the Baden-Palatinate uprising in 1849 and, after they left Germany, became leading US Republicans , supporters of Lincoln and commanders of the Union in the American Civil War .

cenotaph

Memorial of the regiment in the Hofgarten, Düsseldorf

The memorial created by the sculptors Bergmann and Rudolf Zieseniss in 1928 for the fallen soldiers of the First World War is located in the Hofgarten in Düsseldorf near Maximilian-Weyhe-Allee and Kaiserstraße . In front of the memorial is a bronze plate with a laurel wreath created in 1963 by Rudolf Christian Baisch (1903–1990) for the soldiers of Artillery Regiment No. 26 who fell in World War II .

Quotes

"As His Majesty, our most gracious King, has found it good, in consideration of my many years of service, to put me in retirement with the character of major general and the well-deserved pension, I hereby notify my brigade command, which this highest order by circulars the officer corps concerned, as well as the batteries and companies, with the addition of how sorry I am to have to leave such a regular and orderly corps as my brigade has always been, and that, even away from my former subordinates, I am happy and loving, which I will remember in addition to the necessary obedience from them. v. T. (Note: von Tuchsen), Colonel and Brigade Commander. - Anyone can imagine how it became to me while reading these lines. My friend, too, shook his head thoughtfully and did not have to ask me whether everyone on the list of advances would not tear it up a thousand times if we could keep the good old colonel. " 

literature

  • Haarmann, Schleicher: History of the 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7, 1816-1916 . Festschrift for the centenary on February 29, 1916. Mittler, Berlin 1916.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Hackländer : Images from the life of a soldier in peace. 3 volumes. Stuttgart 1872. (In 1833, Hackländer joined the Prussian 7th Artillery Brigade under Colonel von Tuchsen. Hackländer's first work, Pictures from Peaceful Soldiers' Life , first appeared in the Morgenblatt of the Cottaschen bookstore in Stuttgart in 1840. It is a humorous, sometimes bitter review his time in the Prussian artillery 1833–35. Available online as a PDF file; 1.2 MB)
  • Carl Henke (Ed.): The 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7. 1816-1919. According to official documents and reports from fellow campaigners. Kolk, Berlin 1928 ( memorial sheets of German regiments - units of the former Prussian contingent. 244). Available online: digitized version of the Württemberg State Library
  • Ferdinand Maria von Senger and Etterlin : Soldiers between the Rhine and Weser. Army history in North Rhine-Westphalia from the beginnings of the standing armies to the 7th Panzer Grenadier Division of the Bundeswehr. Verlag Wehr und Wissen, Koblenz et al. 1980, ISBN 3-8033-0287-0 .

Pictorial representations

  • Richard Knötel: Uniform science. Hamburg 1924 ff. Volume XVIII / Sheet 60: Prussia. The army since 1888. Field artillery regiment No. 7. 1907. Gunner. Sergeant. Lieutenant. Old colored zincography

Web links

Commons : 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ferdinand Maria Senger and Etterlin: Soldiers between Rhine and Weser: Army history in North Rhine-Westphalia by D. Beginnings d. Standing armies up to the 7th Panzer Grenadier Division d. Armed forces. 1980, ISBN 978-3-8033-0287-8 , pp. 57f.
  2. ↑ Ferdinand Maria Senger and Etterlin: Soldiers between Rhine and Weser: Army history in North Rhine-Westphalia by D. Beginnings d. Standing armies up to the 7th Panzer Grenadier Division d. Armed forces. 1980, ISBN 978-3-8033-0287-8 , p. 55.
  3. ↑ Statistical evidence of remarkable buildings of the Prussian garrison building administration completed in the years 1890 to 1899: Supplement to the Zeitschrift für Bauwesen Vol.LII (1902), urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-90852 . Margin number 22, pp. 56-59.
  4. ^ Garrison growth , in Bürger-Zeitung for Düsseldorf and the surrounding area (No. 164), from July 17, 1895
  5. ↑ Fig. And description in Carl Henke: The 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7 1816-1919. Berlin 1928, plate 7/8.
  6. ↑ Haarmann: History of the 1st Westphalian Field Artillery Regiment No. 7. Berlin 1916, p. 89ff.
  7. ^ Jürgen Kraus : Handbook of the units and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part IX: Field Artillery. Volume 1, Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-902526-15-1 , p. 176
  8. ↑ Ferdinand Maria Senger and Etterlin, "Soldiers between Rhine and Weser: Army history in North Rhine-Westphalia by D. Beginnings d. Standing armies up to the 7th Panzer Grenadier Division d. Bundeswehr " , 1980, ISBN 978-3-8033-0287-8 , p. 64
  9. ↑ George Eliasberg : The Ruhr War of 1920. Verlag Neue Gesellschaft, Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1974, p. 81f.
  10. ↑ a b No. 4. Provincial Correspondence. Fifteenth year. January 24, 1877 with the heading "The Princess Carl of Prussia" - cf. Official press Berlin State Library Online text version
  11. ↑ so the name by Hacklaender, cf. Bibliography
  12. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , p. 283.
  13. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Hackländer : Pictures from the soldiers' life in peace , 3 volumes, Stuttgart 1872, p. 135