1st Panzer Division (Bundeswehr)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1st Panzer Division
- 1st PzDiv -
XX

Association badge of the 1st Panzer Division

Association badge
Lineup July 1, 1956
Country GermanyGermany Germany
Armed forces Bundeswehr Kreuz.svg armed forces
Armed forces Logo army army
Type mechanized division
Subordinate troops

see structure

Strength 18,000
Insinuation Association badge KdoH Army command
If necessary:
Association badge Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps ARRC
Location DEU Oldenburg COA.svg Oldenburg , Henning von Tresckow barracks
Nickname The first
motto Man Drup - Man To
Nec Aspera Terrent
march Alexander March
Web presence 1st PzDiv
commander
commander Major General Jürgen-Joachim von Sandrart
Deputy Brigadier General Dieter Meyerhoff

The 1st Armored Division ( 1st Panzer Division ) is a division of the Army of the Armed Forces . The subordinate units are distributed among the states of Schleswig-Holstein , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Lower Saxony , Brandenburg , Saxony-Anhalt , North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse . The staff has been in the Henning von Tresckow barracks in Oldenburg since 2016 . Before that, he had been in Hanover since 1956 (first in the Nordring barracks in 1956, from 1957 to 1994 in the Prinz Albrecht barracks in Hannover-Bothfeld and from 1994 to 2015 in the Kurt Schumacher barracks ).

assignment

The 1st Panzer Division provides German forces to fulfill the international obligations of the Federal Republic of Germany. She is regularly scheduled to provide troops for EU battlegroups , the NATO Response Force and the "Balkan Reserve" ORF battalion . In addition to these high-intensity intervention missions, the division also takes part in peacekeeping and peace-stabilizing missions of medium and low intensity over longer periods of time. These include above all EUFOR , KFOR and ISAF . Before and after the missions, the division staff controls and monitors the training of active soldiers and reservists for the missions outlined above and other Army tasks .

Association badge

Association badge of the 1st Panzer Division

The blazon of the badge of the 1st Panzer Division worn on the left sleeve of the service suit by all members except the members of the subordinate brigades and on the right sleeve of the field suit by members of the staff and the staff company :

"A silver cord with black thread woven into it in a gothic main shield split by gold and silver (yellow and white) , covered with a silver (white) jumping horse in a red, Spanish heart shield ."

The heart shield of the association badge corresponds to the coat of arms of the state of Lower Saxony , where the staff of the 1st Panzer Division is based. The horse is known as the Sachsenross and is a popular heraldic heraldic animal that is supposed to remind of the Saxons . The Sachsenross is therefore particularly widespread as a heraldic animal in the former Saxon tribal areas in northern Germany, the Netherlands, England and Westphalia and can also be found in the coat of arms of the Welf dynasty House of Hanover , which ruled in Hanover in the 13th century took up their coat of arms. The main shield, split by gold and silver, also ties in with the history of the region. For example, the Kingdom of Hanover , which existed from 1814 to 1837 and ruled by the Guelphs, and the Prussian Province of Hanover that followed the kingdom, had a flag divided into gold and silver (yellow-white). The silver cord with the braided black thread was common for all association badges of the divisions up to 1990, whereas the association badges of higher-level large organizations (in the case of the 1st Panzer Division, the I. Corps ) had a gold cord with black thread.

The assumed brigades (in the case of the 1st Panzerdivision the brigades with the ordinal numbers 1 , 2 , 3 ) resulted in very similar Badge, differing only because of the Bordes distinguish their Badge. As usual for all 36 brigades of the field army , the brigades of the division had a white, red or yellow border - no cord - in the order of their serial numbers . The Panzerlehrbrigade 9 continues today the white-framed association badge of the decommissioned Panzergrenadierbrigade 1 , so that one of these traditional coats of arms of the division was preserved. The subordinate Panzer Brigade 21 leads the Sachsenross in the form of a rising Westphalia horse in its yellow-framed association badge, which reminds of its former subordination as the third brigade to the 7th "Westphalian" Panzer Division .

The internal association badge of the headquarters company is worn as a tag on the breast pocket of the uniform . The blazon reads:

“A sign in göppel division . On the right in gold (yellow) a red wall with two tin towers; in the open gate under a black portcullis a red sign with a golden (yellow) clover leaf; a red lion stands between the towers . On the left, in red, a silver (white) white jumping horse . Below in silver (white) a black paw cross ( Iron Cross ). "

In addition to the Sachsenross, already known from the association badge, the internal association badge with the Iron Cross shows one of the most traditional symbols of German armies. The field on the right corresponds to the city ​​arms of Hanover with a slightly different tinging . The lion ties in with the Guelph history of the stationing area, because the Braunschweig lion , for example, was already represented in the coat of arms of the Duchy of Braunschweig and is still represented in many coats of arms of the region to this day.

Motto

In 1963, the then division commander Major General Anton Detlev von Plato demanded the division's soldiers in a daily order to “Man Drup - Man To” ( High German : “man drauf - man zu”). This Low German saying stands for “Go, get on and grab it!”, Which has been the motto of the 1st Panzer Division ever since. The motto "Man Drup - Man To" was already the motto and battle cry of the royal Hanoverian army .

In addition, the 1st Panzer Division chose the Latin motto " Nec aspera terrent " (free German translation: "We fear nothing" or "You fear no impassability"). "Nec aspera terrent" was already one of the motto of the Guelphs and therefore also the motto of various Guelph territories and their armies. For example, “Nec aspera terrent” was an inscription on the banner of the state coat of arms of the Duchy of Braunschweig and the motto of the Chur-Braunschweig-Lüneburg army and the Hanoverian army that followed .

organization

guide

Former headquarters of the 1st Panzer Division in the Kurt-Schumacher-Kaserne in Hanover, until 2015

The division is led by a division commander with the rank of major general . His deputy usually holds the rank of brigadier general and, in addition to his function as deputy division commander, is also the commander of the division troops of the 1st Panzer Division. The chief of staff is with a staff officer in the rank of Colonel i. G. occupied. The subordinate four brigades are mostly led by officers in the rank of brigadier general, so that a total of up to six generals are members of the division.

Insinuation

The 1st Panzer Division, like all divisions of the Army , is subordinate to the Army Command . When deployed abroad , the deployed soldiers are always subordinated to the Bundeswehr command and control command. On the tactical level, there are usually other higher-level commanders, as the Bundeswehr mostly operates in a multinational framework and the deployment contingents are therefore subordinated to the corresponding deployment headquarters of NATO , the EU or the United Nations . For example, the assigned contingents of the division can be managed as an element of an EU battlegroup by the Multinational Command Operative Leadership , but also by other NATO headquarters , for example by the 1st German-Dutch Corps with which the 1st Panzer Division regularly exercises. For the Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps , the 1st Panzer Division is intended as a German contribution if necessary.

structure

Structure of the 1st Panzer Division.

The 1st Panzer Division is structured as follows:

  • Headquarters / Telecommunications Company 1st Panzer Division, Oldenburg
internal association badge Support Battalion Operation 1, Oldenburg (not active, under construction) (Kdr .: Lieutenant Colonel Marco Wolfermann)
Internal association badge Telecommunications Battalion 610, Prenzlau (subordinate troop service, for training and deployment to the Command Support Brigade of the Multinational Corps Northeast ) (Kdr .: Lieutenant Colonel Tobias Jahn)
Internal association badge 325 Artillery Training Battalion , Munster
Internal association badge heavy pioneer battalion 901, Havelberg (color: Panzer pioneer battalion 803. Not active. No large equipment of its own or long-term storage.) (Kdr .: Lieutenant Colonel of the Reserve Hauke ​​Krüger)
Coat of Arms Panzerlehrbrigade 9 Panzerlehrbrigade 9 , Munster
Association badge of the tank brigade 21 Panzer Brigade 21 "Lipperland", Augustdorf
Association badge Panzer Grenadier Brigade 41 "Vorpommern", Neubrandenburg
internal association badge 43 Gemechaniseerde Brigade (43rd Mechanized Brigade) , Havelte ( Netherlands ) NetherlandsNetherlands 

Sources: 1st Panzer Division website, Army website. Note: units in italics are supplementary units .

The Polish 10th Armored Cavalry Brigade from Świętoszów ( German : Neuhammer am Queis) is permanently assigned to the 1st Armored Division for training purposes .

history

Army structure I

14-ton divisional boulder with Niedersachsenross , discovered in 1989 during earthworks on the Bergen military training area , set up at the Kurt Schumacher barracks in Hanover in 1994 , moved to Oldenburg in 2015

In Army Structure I , the formation of the division was ordered around the same time as the establishment of the Bundeswehr on July 1, 1956 in Hanover. The designation was initially 1st Grenadier Division. Staff from the Northern Border Guard, based in Hanover, were used to set up the cadre . On September 15, 1956, she was subordinated to Army Staff I in Münster , which was named I. Corps from October 1, 1956 . By 1957 the division had grown to almost 10,000 soldiers. On July 1, 1957, the 1st Grenadier Division had grown to such an extent that it could be incorporated into the NATO command structure. As a forerunner of the later brigade staffs , the division was subordinated to three combat group staffs:

The three battle group headquarters were particularly capable of leading the combat troops of the 1st Grenadier Division. Seven grenadier battalions, one tank battalion, one tank reconnaissance battalion and tank destroyer battalion were planned as combat troops until 1958. In addition, the 1st Grenadier Division were subordinate to other combat and command support troops.

In 1958 combat group B1 was renamed combat group B6 and placed under the newly established 6th Grenadier Division. In the same year a new combat group staff B1 was set up "as a replacement" in Hildesheim and placed under the 1st Grenadier Division.

Army structure II

In 1959, when Army Structure II was taken , the 1st Grenadier Division was renamed the 1st Panzer Grenadier Division on March 1, 1959. From the battle group staffs emerged the brigade staffs of the brigades to be newly set up in Army Structure II in the entire army based on NATO models. Panzergrenadierbrigade 2 grew out of combat group A1 , Panzerbrigade 3 emerged from combat group C1, and combat group staff B1 became the staff of Panzergrenadierbrigade 1 . The brigade had limited ability to conduct combat independently and was given tank grenadier and tank and artillery battalions , and from 1966 also its own supply battalions with integrated medical and logistics personnel. In addition to the three brigades, the 1st Panzer Grenadier Division was subordinate to the following units at the end of 1959:

  • Artillery Regiment 1
  • Division troops :
    • Telecommunications Battalion 1
    • Anti-aircraft Artillery Battalion 1st
    • Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion 1
    • Engineer Battalion 7
    • Medical Battalion 1
    • Supply company 1
    • Repair Battalion 410
    • Army Music Corps 1 (until March 1959 referred to as "Music Corps II A"),

Army structure III

With the exception of minor reclassifications and changes in the equipment of the division, the division adopted in Army Structure II was to outlast Army Structure III .

Army structure IV

In Army Structure IV 1981, the division was renamed to the 1st Panzer Division, which is still valid today, on April 1, 1981. The reason for the renaming was the increase in the tank units of the subordinate brigades. Panzergrenadierbrigade 2, which had already been relocated to Braunschweig in 1958 , was renamed as Panzerbrigade 2 in 1981 . In 1981 the 1st Panzer Division was subordinate to the following units:

Army structure V

Association badge military area command II

After the end of the Cold War , the size of the army was significantly reduced. The remaining army divisions were to merge with the military area commands in Army Structure V. The 1st Panzer Division merged with the Military District Command II on March 31, 1994 . The new command staff was given the designation "Military District Command II / 1. Panzer Division ". The personnel strength of this command area grew with this amalgamation of the field and territorial armies to over 22,000 soldiers. On March 31, 1993, Panzerbrigade 2 and on March 31, 1994 - at the same time as the merger became Wehrbereichskommando II / 1. Panzer Division - 3 Panzer Brigade disbanded. The Panzer Grenadier Brigade 1 initially remained. In 1996 the Panzer Lehrbrigade 9 was subordinated to the 1st Panzer Division. After the 1st Panzer Division had previously been subordinate to the 1st Corps , it switched to the 1st German-Dutch Corps in the mid-1990s , which was created in 1995 as the successor to the 1st Corps.

New army for new tasks

On July 1, 2001, the Military District Command II / 1 was appointed to take over the New Army structure for new tasks . Armored division defused again. The defense areas were completely reorganized and enlarged. While the staff of the 1st Panzer Division remained in Hanover and, after the defusion, was given sole command of the 1st Panzer Division again, the Hanoverian Defense Area Command was decommissioned. Defense Area I has now been expanded to include Defense Area II; the territorial tasks of the previous military area command II were transferred to the military area command I - coast in Kiel . With the defusion, the 1st Panzer Division was placed directly under the command of the Army Command .

Army of the future

The division had one strength in the Army of the Future structure and in 2003 was divided into:

As a division intervention forces

In 2004, as part of the transformation of the army, the reclassification to a division of the intervention forces began . Since then, the division has also been called the “intervention division” or “intervention forces division”. In mid-2007 the 1st Panzer Division was divided into:

On July 1, 2007, the 1st Panzer Division was reassigned to some units of the Army Command:

At the end of 2007, Panzer Grenadier Brigade 1 was disbanded and some of its units were subordinated to Panzer Lehrbrigade 9. The Panzerlehrbrigade 9 has been wearing the association badge of the Panzergrenadierbrigade 1 since then.

Since 2011: realignment of the Bundeswehr

The Air Defense Training Regiment 6 in Lütjenburg was decommissioned in the course of the dissolution of the Army Air Defense Force in March 2012 and was completely dissolved at the end of 2012. The cheetahs had been controlled since the end of 2010 . Since 2011 there has been a transfer of personnel to the MANTIS air defense group . This new anti-aircraft group of the anti-aircraft missile squadron 1 "Schleswig-Holstein" was reorganized on March 26, 2011 in Husum as a unit of the air force . The training at MANTIS has been carried out partly in Lütjenburg since 2011, under the responsibility of the Air Force. The operating personnel for MANTIS were partly called in by the 6th anti-aircraft training regiment. The planned two copies of the MANTIS weapon system were put into service by the Air Force in October 2011. The 610 Todendorf light anti-aircraft missile training battery was decommissioned in the course of the dissolution of the Army Air Defense Force in March 2012 and completely dissolved in December 2012. The rocket artillery battalion 132 ( Sondershausen ) was decommissioned on March 23, 2013. At the same time, on April 23, 2013, the following units of the NBC defense force were subordinated to the NBC defense command and thus part of the armed forces base :

  • internal association badgeLight NBC defense company 110, Sonthofen
  • internal association badgeNBC Defense Battalion 7, Höxter
  • internal association badge NBC Defense Battalion 906, Höxter (Couleur: NBC Defense Battalion 7. Not active. No large equipment of its own available or long-term storage.)
  • Internal association badge NBC defense company 954, Höxter (color: NBC defense battalion 7th part active. Large equipment is available at the local ZMZ base. Integrated as 6th company in NBC defense battalion 7.)

In mid-2013, the subordination of Army Music Corps 1 (Hanover) also changed to the armed forces base . The number of division troops was significantly reduced. With the dissolution of the 13th Panzer Grenadier Division on June 28, 2013, Panzer Grenadier Brigade 41 and the Telecommunications Battalion 610 were subordinated to the 1st Panzer Division. In 2015, after almost 60 years, the division management relocated from Hanover to Oldenburg .

German-Dutch army cooperation

The 43 Gemechaniseerde Brigade (43rd Mechanized Brigade) of the Dutch Army was placed under the command of the 1st Armored Division on March 17, 2016 for exercise and use. The German-Dutch tank battalion 414 with two German and one Dutch tank companies is part of the 43rd mechanized brigade.

Disaster relief operations

Strap buckle as an award for the helpers during the Oder floods in 1997

The division's soldiers were deployed to combat numerous natural disasters , including:

Assignments abroad

Soldiers of the 1st Panzer Division were involved in almost all of the Bundeswehr's major missions abroad . As part of these missions, soldiers have so far been deployed in Cambodia (UNMIC) , Bosnia-Herzegovina ( SFOR / EUFOR ), Kosovo ( KFOR ), North Macedonia , Afghanistan ( ISAF ) and Kuwait ( OEF ). Every two years the 1st Panzer Division is the lead division responsible for the training and position of the soldiers to be deployed abroad. The 1st Panzer Division provided the largest contingents for missions abroad for:

year commitment
2000 Partial provision of 2nd deployment contingent SFOR / KFOR
2002 Head division for:
2004/2005 Head division for:
  • 7th ISAF contingent in Kabul
  • 3rd mission contingent ISAF PRT Kunduz
  • 10. SFOR / KFOR contingent
2006/2007 Support association for:
  • 12. ISAF contingent
  • 15. KFOR contingent
  • 6. EUFOR contingent
2008 Head division for:
  • 17th ISAF contingent (including 1st German deployment of the Quick Reaction Force Northern Afghanistan)
  • 20. KFOR contingent
  • 11. EUFOR contingent
2011/2012 Leading division for 12 months for:
  • 25-27 ISAF contingent
  • 28-30 Operation contingent KFOR
  • 19. – 20. EUFOR contingent
2014 Leading division from January 1st for 12 months for:
  • 35-37 ISAF contingent
  • 37-39 Operation contingent KFOR
  • Mission contingent EUTM Mali
2015
  • Participation in PERSISTENT PRESENCE (company equivalent)
2016/2017 Leading division from March 1st for 12 months for:
from 2018 Leading division for 3 years for:
  • Resolute Support contingent
  • Training, line-up for VJTF 2019 (brigade equivalent)
from 2019 Leading division from June 1st for:
  • Mission contingent training support in Iraq
  • Mission contingent EUTM Somalia
  • Contingent VJTF 2019 (Brigade equivalent)
Sources: Website of the 1st Panzer Division, Federal Archives

Commanders

No. Surname Commander of Commander up
26th Major General Jürgen-Joachim von Sandrart April 26, 2018 constantly
25th Major General Markus Laubenthal 16th February 2017 April 26, 2018
24 Major General Johann Langenegger May 28, 2014 16th February 2017
23 Major General Carsten Jacobson June 1, 2012 May 28, 2014
22nd Major General Markus Kneip December 19, 2008 May 31, 2012
21st Major General Wolf-Dieter Langheld May 13, 2005 December 18, 2008
20th Major General Karl Ackermann October 1, 2002 May 12, 2005
19th Major General Horst Förster September 28, 2000 September 30, 2002
18th Major General Christian Hellwig March 28, 1996 September 27, 2000
17th Major General Gerd Schultze-Rhonhof September 29, 1994 March 27, 1996
16 Major General Hartmut Behrendt April 1, 1994 September 28, 1994
15th Major General Ernst Lissinna April 1, 1991 March 31, 1994
14th Major General Hartmut Behrendt 1st October 1987 March 31, 1991
13 Major General Helge Hansen May 1, 1985 September 30, 1987
12 Major General Henning von Ondarza April 1, 1983 April 30, 1985
11 Major General Heinz Kasch 1st October 1979 March 31, 1983
10 Major General Christian Schünemann 1st October 1977 September 30, 1979
9 Major General Wilhelm Garken 1st October 1974 September 30, 1977
8th Major General Hans-Joachim Löser December 15, 1972 September 30, 1974
7th Major General Horst Hildebrandt April 1, 1970 December 14, 1972
6th Major General Klaus Schubert October 1, 1966 March 31, 1970
5 Major General Anton Detlev von Plato October 1, 1963 September 30, 1966
4th Major General Wilhelm Meyer-Detring March 16, 1961 September 30, 1963
3 Major General Burkhart Müller-Hillebrand April 1, 1959 March 15, 1961
2 Major General Paul Reichelt April 1, 1957 March 31, 1959
1 Brigadier General Willi Mantey July 1, 1956 March 31, 1957
Sources: Federal Archives (data up to 2002) website 1. Panzer Division, AARC

Sponsorships

In 1983, the state capital Hanover accepted the sponsorship of the 1st Panzer Division. Hanoverians and Lower Saxony have adopted the division as the "Lower Saxony Division", primarily because of the disaster operations in Lower Saxony. Until 2015, the summer bivouac took place annually in the city ​​park of Hanover as a summer festival. With the 60th anniversary, the city of Oldenburg officially took over the sponsorship.

Further sponsorships exist since 1974 with the British 1st Armored Division and since 2002 with the American 28th Infantry Division "Keystone" of the Army National Guard . In the course of the dissolution of the 7th Panzer Division in 2006, the division took over the sponsorship of the Polish 10th Panzer Cavalry Brigade from Świętoszów ( German : Neuhammer am Queis). As the only division still stationed in Lower Saxony, the 1st Panzer Division has taken over the tradition of the decommissioned 3rd Panzer Division and the 11th Panzer Grenadier Division and their formerly subordinate brigades. From 1997 until its dissolution in 2004, the 1st Panzer Division was in partnership with the Dutch 1st Division “7. December ” (Eerste Divisie“ 7 December ”) .

literature

  • 1st Panzer Division (ed.): 50 years of the 1st Panzer Division . The 1st Panzer Division. Nec aspera terrent. Hanover 2006, p. 55 pages (see ebay.de ).
  • Peter Blume: The 1st Panzer Division of the Bundeswehr . In: Vehicle Profiles . tape 39 . UNITEC media sales, Stengelheim 2006.
  • Markus Kneip : The 1st Armored Division . In: CPM Communication Presse (Ed.): Army Command . CPM, Sankt Augustin 2009, p. 44-48 (German, English).

Web links

Commons : 1st Armored Division  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Online editorial office Heer: Geschichte. Federal Ministry of Defense , head of the press and information staff , April 12, 2011, accessed on May 30, 2011 .
  2. ↑ a b Army editorial staff: Outline Kdo Heer. Federal Ministry of Defense , head of the press and information staff , July 3, 2015, accessed on July 6, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b Assigned Formations. Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps , December 16, 2010, accessed May 28, 2011 .
  4. ↑ Wulff wants an encore. SPIEGEL ONLINE, ler / Reuters / dpa, accessed on March 6, 2012 .
  5. ^ Off to Oldenburg. 1st Armored Division, July 15, 2015, accessed July 17, 2015 .
  6. ↑ relict.com
  7. ↑ cf. 14 Memorial stone: Man drup - man to . In: Geschichts@tlas.de. Schools in Lower Saxony online e. V., Hanover, accessed on June 1, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Memorial for the former Königl. Hanoverian Army. In: Geschichts@tlas.de. Schools in Lower Saxony online e. V., Hanover, accessed on June 1, 2011 (picture and caption come from: Wolter: Munster in old views, no. 41 ).
  9. ↑ cf. The Seven Years' War 1756–1763. Sixth war against France. @rbeitskreise Hannoversche Militärgeschichte, accessed on June 1, 2011 .
  10. ↑ a b Nec aspera terrent . In: Bibliographisches Institut & FA Brockhaus (Ed.): Brockhaus ' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon . 5th edition. tape 2 . Leipzig 1911, p. 251 ( digitized at zeno.org ).
  11. ↑ Heinrich Michaelis: brave Henry, was welcome . In: THE TIME . tape 34/1995 , 1995 ( ZEIT Online ).
  12. ↑ cf. Also illustration of the large national coat of arms of the Duchy of Braunschweig
  13. ↑ cf. Motto on the flags of the chur-braunschweig-lüneburg army
  14. ↑ a b c d e f Thomas Marschner, Johannes Schley: 1st Panzer Division. Bra 8-1. 1957-1997. Federal Archives ( Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv ), January 2006, accessed on August 8, 2020 .
  15. ↑ The Bundeswehr Operations Command. Federal Ministry of Defense , head of the press and information staff , March 29, 2011, accessed on June 1, 2011 .
  16. ^ Wolfgang Elsner: The multinational command operational leadership. Federal Ministry of Defense , head of the press and information staff , July 22, 2015, accessed on July 22, 2015 .
  17. ↑ a b Army editorial staff: structure. Federal Ministry of Defense , the head of the press and information staff , July 3, 2015, accessed on July 6, 2015 (see there also further links on the structure of the subordinate brigades and regiments).
  18. ^ PIZ Heer: The reserve in the New Army. Federal Ministry of Defense , the head of the press and information staff , December 16, 2010, accessed on May 30, 2011 (Note: the supplementary troops belong to the same association as their colored troops at the same location).
  19. ↑ Oliver Gressieker: 14 tons of Panzer Division reached Oldenburg on NDR.de on December 2nd, 2015
  20. ^ Last public appeal by the Pioneer Regiment 100 Bund deutscher Pioniere eV
  21. ↑ Thomas Kolatzki: Accurate: MANTIS air defense system impresses at international symposium. Federal Ministry of Defense, head of the press and information staff, October 18, 2010, accessed on May 18, 2011 .
  22. ↑ Press and Information Center of the Air Force: MANTIS is responsible for the Air Force. In: www.luftwaffe.de. Federal Ministry of Defense, head of the press and information staff, January 1, 2011, accessed on June 24, 2013 .
  23. ↑ New weapon system is deployed in Storm City. Husumer Nachrichten Online, March 23, 2011, accessed on May 24, 2011 .
  24. ↑ Jürgen Schlesier: Appeal to dissolve the rocket artillery battalion 132 in Sondershausen. Federal Ministry of Defense, head of the press and information staff, April 8, 2013, accessed on April 29, 2013 .
  25. ↑ Bernd Schwendel: "Nebel - Ahoy!" NBC defense now task of the armed forces base. Federal Ministry of Defense, head of the press and information staff, April 23, 2013, accessed on April 29, 2013 .
  26. ^ The 1st Panzer Division of the Bundeswehr. In: Relics in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Manfred Tegge, accessed May 30, 2011 .
  27. ↑ Dr. Christian Kahl: Unique in the world: New ways of German-Dutch army cooperation. PIZ Heer, March 18, 2016, accessed on March 19, 2016 .
  28. ↑ Bundeswehr again helps fight forest fires. In: https://www.streitkraeftebasis.de/ . PIZ Armed Forces Base, July 4, 2019, accessed July 4, 2019 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 11 ″  N , 9 ° 46 ′ 12 ″  E