Foot artillery regiment "General-Feldzeugmeister" (Brandenburgisches) No. 3

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The Foot Artillery Regiment "General Feldzeugmeister" (Brandenburg) no. 3 was from 1864 to 1919 an artillery joined the Prussian army .

Seal of the regiment

history

The first unit of the later regiment was founded on February 29, 1816. The name of the regiment at that time was still the Saxon Artillery Brigade . By AKO on June 16, 1864, the artillery brigades were divided into a field artillery and a fortress artillery regiment. June 16, 1864 is the foundation day of the regiment which, according to the AKO, was named "Brandenburg Fortress Artillery Regiment No. 3". Field and fortress artillery regiment No. 3 "shared" the flag awarded on May 26, 1816.

The addition to the name "General-Feldzeugmeister" took place on December 7, 1864:

“I have, in order to honor the memory of the glorious service rendered by the artillery in this year's campaign, on this day, on which I deploy a division of them from among the victorious troops that have returned from the theater of war here in my capital and residence The following was determined: The General Feldzeugmeister Prince Carl of Prussia , Royal Highness, receives the award that the two regiments of the 3rd Artillery Brigade are given the nickname "General Feldzeugmeister", according to which the Brandenburg Field Artillery Regiment No. 3 the designation: Brandenburgisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 3 (General-Feldzeugmeister) and the Brandenburgische Festungsartillerie-Regiment Nr. 3 the designation: Brandenburgisches Festungsartillerie-Regiment Nr. 3 (General-Feldzeugmeister) received. Berlin, December 7th, 1864. Wilhelm. "

The name "General-Feldzeugmeister" comes from the time of the Landsknechte . At the time, “stuff” or “field equipment” was understood to mean artillery and everything related to it. At that time artillerymen were seen less as soldiers than as craftsmen. So they had no officers, but masters as superiors. The term "Feldzeugmeister" as supreme inspector and later commander of the artillery became particularly common in the Prussian army. From 1854, Colonel-Generals with the rank of General Field Marshal in the artillery were named Generalfeldzeugmeister in Prussia .

1816

The regiment emerges from the 3rd Artillery Brigade. This was established by AKO on February 29, 1816 as the Saxon Artillery Brigade and was named as the 3rd Artillery Brigade on April 21.

The 1st company was formed from units in 1816

  • of the two parking columns
  • the 6-pounder foot battery No. 18
  • the 11th Provisional Company.

All of these units had proved their worth in the wars of liberation in 1813 and 1815 , despite some serious deficiencies in training and material . In the reports of the commanding General von Tauentzien , the names of officers and men from these units are mentioned several times.

The 2nd company was formed as the 11th foot company from the 2nd trunk company of the Silesian Artillery Brigade. In 1815 it was moved to Torgau and assigned to the 3rd Artillery Brigade.

The 3rd Company was formed as the 9th foot company from the 7-pounder howitzer battery No. 5. Inadequately trained and poorly equipped, she was mobilized in Glatz in 1815 and assigned to her corps in June 1815. She moved to the Koethen area and stayed there until she was demobilized in May 1816.

The 4th Company emerged as the 12th Foot Company from the 15th Provisional Company of the Silesian Artillery Brigade.

1819

It turns out that a simultaneous training of foot companies as field and fortress artillery is not possible. For this reason, from 1819 onwards, a foot company was appointed from each department for special training in fortress service. The last three companies should roll in such a way that each is trained for one year as a fortress company and two years as a field company. The respective fortress company then gave its clothing to the 12 pounder company.

From September 1819 the numbering of the companies changed. Companies 1 to 4 belonged to the I. Department, the companies 5 to 8 to the II. Department and the III. Division the companies 9 to 12.

1831

In July 1831, all the brigades gave up teams for the formation of five fortress reserve artillery companies. Of these, two each were intended for the Mainz and Luxembourg garrisons and one for the Saarlouis fortress. The fifth company of FuAR No. 3 emerged from the 2nd Mainz Fortress Reserve Artillery Company. In November the strengths of the companies were increased to 15 NCOs, 21 bombardiers, 2 buglers and 77 gunners.

German-Danish War 1848

At the German-Danish war in 1848 took part in the regiment only the 3rd Company. Under the command of Captain Decker as a 6-pounder battery No. 11, it took part in the following battles:

  • Battle of Schleswig on April 23rd
  • Battle of Aabenraa on April 28th
  • Skirmish near Fredericia on May 6th and 8th
  • Battle of Düppel on June 5th
  • Battle at Alnoer on June 14th

Campaign in Baden 1849

The 2nd Division of the 1st Corps (left bank of the Rhine) was assigned the 6-pounder foot battery No. 11 under Captain Decker. Four divisions were set up on June 12th on the Kreuznach - Neunkirchen line . The insurgents were gathered in the area around Kaiserslautern . The battery took part in the following battles during the campaign:

1850

The AKO of March 19, 1850 gave the artillery brigades the name "Artillery Regiment".

1851

The AKO of March 27th stipulates that every field artillery regiment must convert a 6-pound battery into a fortress company. This reduces the military strength of the field artillery regiments from five to four 6-pounder batteries.

November 20th is the founding day of the 1st Battalion.

1860

July 31st is the founding day of the 2nd Battalion.

1861

The regiment's flag was ordered for the coronation of King Wilhelm I on October 18, 1861 in Königsberg in Prussia.

War against Denmark 1864

The 3rd Fortress Company of the Brandenburg Artillery Brigade took part in the war against Denmark . She received the mobilization order on March 3rd and left Torgau on March 7th under the command of Captain Schäffer. In Magdeburg she received twelve 25-pound mortars along with bombs and incendiary bombs on March 8, and arrived at the theater of war on March 11.

During the storming of the Düppeler Schanzen on April 18, the 3rd Company kept batteries 5, 9, 18 and 19 occupied. As had goals

  • the 5th battery: ships that were supposed to enter the Wenningbund (the battery did not fire)
  • the 9th battery: the jumps IV and V
  • the 18th battery: the jumps II and III and the area between them up to approx. 300 m behind them
  • the 19th battery: the retranchement, which moved in a south-easterly direction from Schanze IV to the beach and the area between Schanze III and IV up to approx. 300 m behind it.

Artillerymen of 3rd Company followed the storming infantrymen and fired some shots at the ironclad Rolf Krake with four Danish artillery pieces that were found . On April 21, units of the regiment paraded in assault suits in front of King Wilhelm I.

The 3rd Company also took part in the siege of Als . To do this, they occupied Batteries 27 and 31. Battery 27 fired at Danish batteries off Alsen during the siege on June 26 and 27.

After the Peace of Vienna , the return march was ordered on November 12th and the 3rd Company in Torgau was demobilized on December 2nd.

She was awarded three Red Eagle medals IV class with swords, a military medal of honor first class, twelve military medals of honor II class, and an Austrian medal of bravery in classes I and II.

1865

The AKO on March 30th relocated the regimental staff to Mainz and the I. Department to Luxembourg. In July the 8th Company moved to Mainz and from November 11th the whole regiment was united in Mainz.

German War 1866

Even before the start of the German War , on May 14, 1866, the regiment received orders from the 4th, 5th and 6th companies to form the 12th, 13th and 14th war companies. By federal decree, Prussian and Austrian troops had to leave the joint federal fortresses. Therefore, the regimental staff and the 2nd division left Mainz and moved to Koblenz. From June 13th they formed part of the fortress garrison. Occupied

Only the 6th Company fired 7 shots in the course of the war near the village of Zorn . On September 15, the 13th and 14th war companies in Mainz were dissolved, the 12th had already been dissolved in Saarlouis on September 11th.

Franco-German War 1870/71

Topographical-military plan of the city and fortress Mainz from 1815. Engraving by Johann Conrad Felsing , editor Dr. B. Hundeshagen
Railway bridge piers south bridge
Reduit-Kastel

The regiment was declared of war during a target practice on the Großer Sand near Mainz. Immediately, according to the orders received, they started to arm the fortress and make it fit for war. Colonel Bartsch was appointed commander of the artillery war crew of the fortress.

The companies fortified and occupied the following fortifications:

  • 1st Company: Rheinkehlbefestigungen, Bastione Nikolaus, Katharina, Albani
  • 2nd company: Bastione Johann to Georg
  • 3rd Company: Fort Weisenau and railway bridge piers
  • 4th Company: Forts Mariaborn, Zahlbach, Stahlberg, Bretzenheimer Turm
  • 5th Company: Fort Hauptstein and Judensand
  • 6th Company: Fort Gonsenheim
  • 7th Company: Main wall of Kastel and Reduit barracks
  • 8th Company: Forts Alte and Neue Mainspitze
  • 9th Company: Citadel , Contregarde Drusus, Raveline Drusus-Albani and Drusus-Johann, connecting casemates Albani and Johann
  • 10th company: Bastione Paul to Raimundi, blockhouse and tambour in front of the Raimunditor and inundation hill
  • 11th Company: Forts Karthaus, Karl, Welsch, Heiligkreuz and Hechtsheim
  • 12th company: Dalheimer Schanze, forts Joseph , Philipp and Elisabeth
  • 13th Company: Fort Bingen
  • 14th Company: Fort Hartenberg, Fort Hartmühl , inundation retranchement
  • 15th company: Lünetten Wiesbaden, Erbenheim, Hochheim, Frankfurt, connection to Blockhaus on the Main axis and the three Rheinschanzen
  • 16th Company: Fort Grand Duke of Hesse and tower on the Petersaue

On August 26th, the headquarters of Division II and the 4th and 6th Companies were mobilized by telegram. They moved to Marsal , took over the gun material there and then advanced as siege artillery to Toul .

The 4th and 6th companies took part in the siege and conquest of Toul . The units were also present at the (ultimately unsuccessful) bombardment of Verdun . Due to the strong French artillery in Verdun, the regiment's batteries suffered considerable losses here. The batteries were then dispatched to siege and bombard Mézières . This fortress closed the Diedenhofen-Reims railway line. The fortress of Mézières surrendered on January 1st and the victorious batteries entered the destroyed city on January 2nd.

They stayed here until January 9th and were due to leave for the siege of Péronne on January 10th , when the regiment received a telegram that Péronne had already surrendered and the two batteries and their staff had been assigned to the siege of Paris . The famous battery No. 1 " Saint-Cloud " in the south of the siege front in front of Paris was held by units of the 3rd Brandenburger with great losses. The special importance of this battery becomes clear when Kaiser Wilhelm I visited the battery on January 28th and expressed his appreciation for the artillerymen by giving him the first view of defeated Paris from the parapet of Battery 1 "Saint-Cloud" threw. The day before the battery was visited by his son, Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm . On January 29th, the Crown Prince visited Battery No. 1 a second time and awarded the company six Iron Crosses directly, bypassing the courts.

After the victory over France, part of FuAR No. 3 was used as an occupying army in Mézières and Verdun. The last artillerymen arrived at their garrison in Mainz on September 19, 1873 and were demobilized on September 20.

1873

The officer corps is now also separated into field and foot artillery. Separate foot artillery inspections and foot artillery brigades are now being formed. The general inspection of the artillery remains together. The regiment is subordinated to regiments 4 and 7 of the 3rd foot artillery brigade (in Mainz) and these are subordinate to the 2nd foot artillery inspection (also in Mainz).

1881

The regiment gave up the 5th company with 114 soldiers to form the 3rd company of FuAR No. 11 (Thorn) and in 1893 the 4th company with 65 soldiers to form the 1st company of FuAR No. 15 (also Thorn). The two companies are reorganized into the regiment by relinquishing the remaining seven companies.

1883

On January 23, the regiment chief Prince Carl of Prussia died. He bequeathed the regiment the sum of 6,000 marks. This amount was used to donate two aid funds for officers and NCOs of the regiment.

1887

The general inspection of the foot artillery is formed. The previous inspections will be canceled.

1888

The regiment leaves the area of ​​III. Army Corps and joins the XI. Army Corps over.

1889

AKO gives the regiment the name it will bear until its dissolution: Foot artillery regiment "General-Feldzeugmeister" (Brandenburgisches) No. 3.

1898

The 5th Company achieved the best result of the entire foot artillery when shooting for the Kaiserpreis. She receives the imperial badge introduced by AKO on January 27, 1885, as well as the imperial prize, a bust of Wilhelm II and a silver honorary plaque.

1899

The regiment leaves the area of ​​the XI. Army Corps and joins the XVIII. Army Corps over.

1900

On January 27, the birthday of Kaiser Wilhelm II , the regiment was given a new flag. The old flag from 1816 was so tattered that it was hardly recognizable as a flag. Field and Foot Artillery Regiment No. 3 had "split" the old flag by January 27th. Now each regiment received its own new flag. The honors were preserved on both flags. For the regimental flag these were: The ribbon of the war memorial coin 1816, half a ribbon each of the war memorial coin 1864 with swords of the Düppeler Sturmkreuz and the Alsenkreuz , the ribbon of the commemorative cross 1866 with swords, 1871 the iron cross in the Fahnenspitze, 1889 the ribbon of the military Honor badge with swords.

Boxer Rebellion 1900

Flag of the foot artillery regiment "General-Feldzeugmeister" (Brandenburgisches) No. 3 after 1871 with an iron cross in the tip of the flag and the awarded flag ribbons
Mainz, Neutorstrasse 1908; left the Neutor barracks, which housed the artillerymen
Remains of the enclosure of the former barracks of the foot artillery regiment No. 3, around 2015

25 soldiers of the regiment from the Mainz garrison are assigned to suppress the Boxer revolt . A gunner was killed in China.

Whereabouts

After the war ended, the regiment returned home. On December 14, 1918, the 1st Battalion in Gelnhausen and the 2nd Battalion in Hanau were demobilized and the regiment was finally formally dissolved in 1919.

The tradition took over in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of the Army Command, General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt , on August 24th, 1921, by the 2nd battery of the 5th Artillery Regiment in Fulda.

Formation of the individual parts of the regiment and change of names

  • 1813 (February 29) Saxon Artillery Brigade
  • 1813 (April 21) 3rd Artillery Brigade
  • 1850 3rd Artillery Regiment
  • 1860 Brandenburg Artillery Brigade No. 3
  • 1864 (July 1) Brandenburg Fortress Artillery Regiment No. 3
  • 1864 (December 7th) Brandenburg Fortress Artillery Regiment No. 3 (General Feldzeugmeister)
  • 1872 Brandenburg Foot Artillery Regiment No. 3 (General Feldzeugmeister)
  • 1889 Foot Artillery Regiment General Feldzeugmeister (Brandenburgisches) No. 3

Overview of the garrisons

Regimental staff Staff of the 1st Battalion Staff II Battalion
  • 1816–1820 -
  • 1820–1832 -
  • 1832–1851 -
  • 1851–1860 Magdeburg
  • 1860–1864 Torgau
  • 1864–1865 Torgau
  • 1865–1866 Luxembourg
  • 1866–1900 Mainz
  • 1816-1820 -
  • 1820-1832 -
  • 1832-1851 -
  • 1851-1860 -
  • 1860-1864 Mainz
  • 1864-1865 Mainz
  • 1865-1866 Mainz
  • 1866-1900 Mainz
1. Battery 2. Battery 3. Battery
  • 1816–1832 Erfurt
  • 1832–1860 Magdeburg
  • 1860-1865 Torgau
  • 1865–1866 Luxembourg
  • Mainz since 1866
  • 1816–1832 Torgau
  • 1832-1860 Wittenberg
  • 1860–1865 Wittenberg
  • 1865–1866 Luxembourg
  • Mainz since 1866
  • 1816–1832 Magdeburg
  • 1832–1860 Magdeburg
  • 1860-1865 Torgau
  • 1865–1866 Luxembourg
  • Mainz since 1866
4. Battery 5. Battery 6. Battery
  • 1816–1832 Magdeburg
  • 1832–1860 Magdeburg
  • 1860-1865 Küstrin
  • 1865–1866 Luxembourg
  • Mainz since 1866
  • Mainz since 1831
  • Mainz since 1860
7. Battery 8. Battery
  • Mainz since 1860
  • 1860–1865 Saarlouis
  • 1865–1866 Mainz
  • Mainz since 1866

Commanders (1816–1900)

  • 1816–1829: Colonel Ernst Monhaupt
  • 1829–1832: Major Johann Karl Plümicke
  • 1832–1836: Colonel Wilhelm von Scharnhorst
  • 1836–1847: Major Karl Adolf von Strotha (from 1840 lieutenant colonel, from 1842 colonel)
  • 1847–1849: Lieutenant Colonel Albert du Vignau (from 1848 Colonel)
  • 1849–1851: Major von Berge and Herrendorff
  • 1851–1852: Major Lademann
  • 1852–1852: Lieutenant Colonel Vogell
  • 1852–1858: Lieutenant Colonel von Niedel (from 1853 Colonel)
  • 1858–1860: Colonel Ferdinand Friedrich Wilhelm Werner von Podewils (major general from 1859)
  • 1860–1864: Colonel Louis von Colomier
  • 1864–1865: Colonel Hermann von Rozynski-Manger
  • 1865–1867: Colonel Ferdinand von Seckendorff
  • 1868–1871: Colonel Bartsch
  • 1871–1872: Colonel Müller
  • 1872–1876: Colonel Ulrich
  • 1876–1880: Major von Hartmann (from 1877 lieutenant colonel)
  • 1880–1888: Major Richard von Berendt (from 1881 lieutenant colonel, from 1885 colonel)
  • 1888–1891: Lieutenant Colonel Strasser (from 1890 Colonel)
  • 1891–1894: Lieutenant Colonel Kühlenthal (from 1894 Colonel)
  • 1895–1897: Lieutenant Colonel Reinhold (from 1897 Colonel)
  • 1897–1900: Lieutenant Colonel Lipinski (from 1900 Colonel)

Members of the regiment

Commemoration

Fort Josef with the memorial for the soldiers of the regiment
  • A memorial for the fallen soldiers of the regiment was unveiled in Mainz on the Rhine in 1934 on the outer fortress wall of Fort Joseph . Under the Prussian eagle is the inscription:

The fallen in the World War 1914-1918 of the foot artillery regiment General-Feldzeugmeister (Brandenburgisches) No. 3 and his war formations

literature

  • Pulkowski: Brief history of the foot artillery regiment General-Feldzeugmeister (Brandenburgisches) No. 3. ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1901.
  • Hein: The little book of the German Army. Reprint of the 1901 edition. Verlag Lipsius u. Fischer, Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1998, ISBN 3-8289-0271-5 .
  • News sheet of the Association of Officers of the Former Foot Artillery Regiment General Campaign Master. Meiningen 1924-1942, ZDB -ID 2339885-1

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Highest Cabinet Orders of December 7, 1864, Berlin
  2. ^ Lieutenant Pulkowski: Brief history of the foot artillery regiment General-Feldzeugmeister (Brandenburgisches) No. 3 , Verlag Ernst Siegfried Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1901, page 5. Mentioned are Lt. Sannow, Lt. Thiele, Lt. v. Clausewitz and fireworks Jänicke.