Johannes von Busse

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Johannes von Busse

Johannes von Busse (born April 20, 1862 in Neisse , † October 31, 1936 in Erfurt ) was a Prussian lieutenant general .

Life

origin

Johannes comes from the Busse family who was raised to hereditary Prussian nobility on April 21, 1859 . He was a son of the Prussian district judge Rudolf von Busse (1823–1862) and his wife Magarethe, born von dem Borne (* 1834).

Military career

Buses came after his education in the cadet corps on 12 April 1879 as an ensign in the Grenadier Regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm IV." (1 Pommersches) no. 2 of the Prussian Army in Szczecin and was on 13 November 1879 second lieutenant promoted . As such, he was adjutant of the 2nd Battalion from January 28, 1886 , became Premier Lieutenant on September 19, 1888, and from October 1, 1888 to July 21, 1891 , he was commanded for further training at the War Academy . After that, Busse performed troop service again in his main regiment. From April 1, 1892 to September 13, 1893 he was assigned to the General Staff and appointed Busse with simultaneous promotion to captain to company commander . Busse held this position for almost four years. Then he was transferred back to Stettin, served for a year in Infantry Regiment No. 148 and on April 30, 1898, came to the Hauptkadettenanstalt as a teacher . With the promotion to major on January 27, 1903 he was aggregated to the infantry regiment "von Manstein" (Schleswigsches) No. 84 . From November 15, 1904 to November 18, 1908, Busse acted in Königsberg as commander of the 2nd battalion in the grenadier regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm I." (2nd East Prussian) No. 3 . Then he was appointed commander of the military school Neisse and promoted him on January 27, 1910. Lieutenant Colonel and on 13 September 1912 , Colonel . As such, he took over command of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment 89 on November 19, 1912 . In this position he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the White Elephant Order in January 1914 .

With the outbreak of the First World War , Busse was appointed commander of the 34th Reserve Infantry Brigade, with which he marched into France through neutral Belgium and fought on the Aisne in conjunction with the 18th Reserve Division . In this capacity he was awarded both classes of the Iron Cross . He gave up command at the end of October 1914 and took over the 102nd Reserve Infantry Brigade, which at that time was on the Flanders Front. After Busse had been promoted to major general on March 22, 1915 , he was given command of the newly established 210th Infantry Brigade on November 20, 1915. With this he crossed the Danube at Semendria and with his brigade formed the vanguard of the IV Reserve Corps as it marched through Serbia to the Greek border . In the following years he stayed at Lake Dojran , where border fighting broke out. During the Brusilov offensive in the summer of 1916, Busse then commanded the infantry of the Wilhelmi division and was able to stop the advance of the Russian armed forces in his sector. Thereupon he became on September 22, 1916 the leader of the division command z. b. V. No. 301 appointed, to which Austro-Hungarian troops were subordinate and which he commanded in the campaign against Romania . In December 1916 he was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd Class with Oak Leaves and Swords, for his work .

In mid-January 1917, Busse was withdrawn from the Eastern Front and appointed in command of the Upper Rhine fortifications in Baden . On April 21, 1917 he was appointed commander of the 111th Division fighting against British units at Arras . During the subsequent fighting in Flanders , his division suffered heavy losses and had to be pulled from the front on August 1st. After being refreshed, it was used again from October 17th to November 6th. After fighting in the Siegfried Line, he prepared his division for the Great Battle of France , which began on March 21, 1918 . As an attack division, it played a major role in the breakthrough battles, and on April 16, 1918, Busse received the highest Prussian valor award, the order Pour le Mérite , for his achievements . After the failure of the German offensive , the division returned to trench warfare, fighting at Monchy- Bapaume at the beginning of September and at Valenciennes at the end of October . Then she retreated to the Antwerp - Maas position.

After the armistice , Busse led his division back home, where it was demobilized by January 1919 and finally dissolved. On January 20, 1919, he was appointed commander of the 17th division . In the course of the dissolution of the Prussian Army , Busse was put up for disposal on September 30, 1919 and given the character of lieutenant general and retired.

In 1921 Busse was elected chairman of the Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge eV , Mecklenburg-Schwerin regional association in Schwerin.

He was a legal knight of the Order of St. John and Commander of the Second Class of the Order of Dannebrog .

family

Busse married Maria von Holtzendorff (1872–1908) in Berlin on October 12, 1892 . The children Evamaria (* 1897), Gisela (* 1899) and Hans (* 1903) emerged from the marriage. A distant relative was the architect Hans-Busso von Busse .

literature

Web links

Commons : Johannes von Busse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Military weekly paper. No. 14/15 of January 27, 1914, p. 304.
  2. ^ Military weekly paper . No. 117 of December 30, 1916, p. 2743.
  3. ↑ War History Research Institute of the Army (Ed.): The World War 1914–1918. Volume 12: The warfare in the spring of 1917. ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1939, p. 254.
  4. ^ Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge eV Landesverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Schwerin 2011, p. 23.
  5. ↑ War Ministry (ed.): Ranking list of the Royal Prussian Army and the XIII. (Royal Württemberg) Army Corps for 1914. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1914, p. 259.
  6. ^ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Nobeligen houses. 1901. First year, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1900, p. 426.
personal data
SURNAME Busse, Johannes von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Busse, Johannes Rudolf Busso Posthumus by (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian lieutenant general
DATE OF BIRTH April 20, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Neisse
DATE OF DEATH October 31, 1936
Place of death Erfurt