1st Nassau Infantry Regiment No. 87

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1st Nassau Infantry Regiment No. 87

active March 14, 1809 to May 1, 1919
Country Duchy of Nassau / Kingdom of Prussia
Armed forces Nassau Army / Prussian Army
Branch of service infantry
Insinuation XVIII. Army Corps
Location Mainz / Hanau
Nassau. Ducal Nassau troops. Artillery. Infantry. 1862-1866

The first Nassauische Infantry Regiment. 87 was an infantry joined the Prussian army .

history

The forerunner was the 1st Nassau Infantry Regiment of the Nassau Army . Napoleon's desire for more soldiers led on March 14, 1809 to the formation of the regiment from the 1st Nassau Battalion (Leibbataillon) and the 4th Nassau Battalion (Musketeer Battalion). Each battalion consisted of one grenadier company, four fusilier companies and one voltigeur company. The Austrian regulations were the basis for the rank badges and training. From 1809 French regulations and badges were introduced. The commanding officer was Colonel August von Pöllnitz (1772–1811).

Eisgrub barracks in Mainz

After the annexation of the Duchy of Nassau by Prussia , the Nassau Army was disbanded and the remaining personnel were transferred to the Prussian Army on October 30, 1866 as Infantry Regiment No. 87 . Initially stationed in the Mainz fortress , it occupied the Eisgrub barracks (Defensionskaserne), Prince Karl barracks and the Alexander barracks . From 1893 to 1897 the garrison was in Hanau and then closed again in Mainz in the Eisgrub barracks.

Coalition wars

  • 1809: During the occupation of Vienna , the regiment was not involved in combat operations and only provided part of the occupation troops.
  • 1810–1813: Fighting on the French side in Spain . The area of ​​operation of the regiment was apart from the major battles in Catalonia. There were heavy losses during the occupation of Manresa from March 19 to April 6, 1810. After Nassau left the Rhine Confederation at the end of 1813, the Nassau troops were suddenly opponents of the French. These took the regiment prisoner in Spain.
  • 1815: Participation in the Battle of Waterloo . Although the regiment was secondarily in the middle of the battle, it suffered heavy losses from enemy artillery fire and later from cavalry attacks. Two of his companies reinforced the defense of the La Haye Sainte manor .

German war

  • In 1866 the regiment fought in the Main campaign on the side of the southern German armies and Austria against Prussia.

Expeditionary force

Both in the Boxer Rebellion in 1900 and in the Herero and Nama Rebellion in 1904/06, the regiment sent members.

Franco-German War

In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, the regiment took part in the battles near Weißenburg (August 4th), Wörth (August 6th), Sedan (September 1st), as well as the siege of Paris (September 22nd to January 28th, 1871 ) part.

On December 31, 1875, the memorial plaques erected in accordance with the AKO of September 2, 1873 for those of the 80, 87 and 27 field artillery regiments who died in the 1870/71 campaign were inaugurated in the Wiesbaden market church .

First World War

At the beginning of the First World War , the regiment mobilized on August 2, 1914 . As part of the 41st Infantry Brigade of the 21st Division , the regiment was deployed on the Western Front throughout the war, with a brief interruption from May to October 1917 . Initially, the association took part in the battles at Longlier and the battles at Neufchâteau , the Maas and the Marne . After the Battle of the Somme , the regiment went in early October 1914. Roye in the trench warfare over. This was followed by trench warfare at St. Quentin a year later . In January 1916 the regiment was then deployed off Verdun . Participated in the costly battles here until April, then fought on the Aisne and took part in the Battle of the Somme in September / October . In mid-December it was used again off Verdun northwest of Bezonvaux . After further positional battles, the regiment moved from May to October 1917 to the Eastern Front and took part in the positional battles between Nyemen-Berezina-Krewo-Smorgon-Narotsch. Back on the western front, it was initially involved in trench warfare near Reims and in 1918 participated in the defensive battles on the Scheldt .

Whereabouts

Since Mainz was in the demilitarized zone, this location was no longer available after the end of the war, and one had to move to the other side of the Rhine. From December 26th to 27th, 1918, the regiment was demobilized at the Wegscheide military training area in Bad Orb and finally disbanded on May 1st, 1919.

From parts was started in January 1919 with the formation of staff and two volunteer companies, the III. Volunteer battalion of the Freikorps "Hessen-Nassau" formed. This went in June 1919 as III. Battalion in the Reichswehr Infantry Regiment 22.

The tradition in the Reichswehr was adopted by the 14th Company of the 15th Infantry Regiment in Kassel by decree of the Chief of Army Command, General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt , on August 24, 1921 .

Regiment chief

Oskar von Lindequist

The first and only head of the regiment was from June 10, 1913 to April 16, 1915, the Colonel General with the rank of Field Marshal Oskar von Lindequist .

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Colonel Friedrich Grolman October 30, 1866 to June 2, 1871
Colonel Hermann Berger June 20, 1871 to February 28, 1872
Colonel Karl Westernhagen 0March 1, 1872 to July 27, 1874
Colonel Julius Wilhelm von Hertzberg July 28, 1874 to June 11, 1880
Colonel Wilhelm von Boenigk June 12, 1880 to December 3, 1886
Colonel Wilhelm von Weltzien 0December 4, 1886 to June 16, 1889
Colonel Eugen von Lessing June 17, 1889 to July 15, 1891
Colonel Leo von Klingspor July 16, 1891 to July 13, 1895
Colonel Ernst Becker July 14, 1895 to June 14, 1898
Colonel Carl Voelker June 15, 1898 to September 30, 1901
Colonel Viktor Strauss 0October 1, 1901 to February 12, 1906
Colonel Hasso von Bredow February 13, 1906 to February 21, 1910
Colonel Karl von Guretzky-Cornitz February 22, 1910 to April 23, 1911
Colonel Arthur of Gabain April 24, 1911 to May 2, 1914
Lieutenant colonel Friedrich Kirnstein 0May 3 to September 6, 1914
Lieutenant colonel Wilhelm Oltmann 0September 7 to October 9, 1914
Colonel Ernst von Harstall October 10, 1914 to March 5, 1916
Colonel August from Zepelin 0March 6 to August 12, 1916
Lieutenant colonel Hans-Magnus von Hoym August 13, 1916 to December 31, 1917
Colonel Wilhelm Campbell 0January 1 to March 15, 1918
Lieutenant colonel Kurt Auer from Herrenkirchen March 16 to June 18, 1918
Lieutenant colonel Henrici June 19 to November 4, 1918
major Paul Weydt 0November 5, 1918 to January 19, 1919
Colonel August Weiz January 20 to April 30, 1919

Assignments

33 new infantry regiments were set up by the law on increasing army numbers of January 28, 1896. These should be formed from the 4th battalions of the old regiments. The new regiments were initially set up in two battalions. A battalion of Infantry Regiment No. 166 was put together from IV. Battalion of 1st Nassau Infantry Regiment No. 87, among others.

To set up other units, the following had to be submitted:

87 monument in Mainz
  • on April 1, 1881 - the 10th Company to Infantry Regiment No. 97
  • on October 1, 1887 - the 4th Company to Infantry Regiment No. 143
  • on April 1, 1890 - the 5th Company to Infantry Regiment No. 145
  • on October 1, 1912 - the 4th Company to Infantry Regiment No. 166

monument

In 1930, the Mainz architect Rudolf Schreiner and the sculptor Peter Dienstdorf erected a 7.20 m high monument on the hairpin between Windmühlenstrasse and Eisgrubweg in Mainz . The inscriptions refer to the inserts:

literature

  • Otto von Pivka : armies and weapons. Volume 2: Napoleon's allies in Germany. Bonn 1979. ISBN 3-8033-0285-4 .
  • Guntram Müller-Schellenberg: The Nassau military in Napoleonic times. Schellenberg'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, ISBN 978-3-922027-79-9 .
  • Peter Wacker: The ducal-Nassau military 1813–1866. Schellenberg'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, ISBN 3-922027-85-7 .
  • Walter Rosenwald : The Herzoglich-Nassauische Brigade in the campaign 1866. Taking into account field troops from Kurhessen, Hessen-Darmstadt, Baden, Württemberg and Austria (= Guntram Müller-Schellenberg, Peter Wacker (Ed.): Das Herzoglich-Nassauische Militär 1806–1866 . Volume 3). Schellenberg, Taunusstein 1983, ISBN 978-3-922027-98-0 .
  • Günther Voigt: Germany's armies until 1918. Volume 3. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1982, ISBN 3-7648-1199-4 .
  • Regimental history - Officer's Association (ed.): The Royal Prussian Infantry Regiment (1st Nassau) No. 87 in the World War 1914–1918. Graph. Breuer Art Institute, Koblenz 1931.
  • Alfred von Roeßler: History of the Royal Prussian 1st Nassau Infantry Regiment No. 87 and its tribe of the Ducal Nassau 1st Infantry Regiment. 1809-1874. Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1882, digitized

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Balzer: 1st Nassau Infantry Regiment No. 87
  2. ↑ Hans Dechend : History of the Fusilier Regiment von Gersdorff (Hess.) No. 80 and his main regiment of the Kurhessischer Leibgarde Regiment from 1632 to 1900. , p. 553.
  3. ^ Jürgen Kraus: Handbook of the units and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part VI: Infantry. Volume 1: Infantry Regiments. Publishing house Militaria. Vienna 2007. ISBN 978-3-902526-14-4 . P. 157.
  4. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 2: The staffing of the active infantry regiments as well as the hunter and machine gun battalions, military district commands and training managers from the foundation or list until 1939. Biblio Verlag. Osnabrück 1992. ISBN 3-7648-1782-8 . Pp. 223-206.
  5. ^ G. Voigt: Deutschlands Heere bis 1918. Volume 3. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1982, p. 333.
  6. ↑ Stefan Dumont: Windmühlenberg - '87 monument on: festung-mainz.de