Mecklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment
|
Mecklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment, C Hussars |
|
|---|---|
|
|
| active | 1813 to 1816 |
| Country | Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
| structure | 3 squadrons + hunter division |
| Location | Neustrelitz |
| Origin of the soldiers | Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
| Nickname | C hussars |
The Mecklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment was a military association from Mecklenburg-Strelitz during the Wars of Liberation , which existed from 1813 to 1816. Because of the monogram of the reigning Duke Karl (Carl) on their saber pockets and the flag, the members of the Hussar regiment were also known as the C Hussars .
Lineup
The dukes of Mecklenburg were the first German sovereigns to leave the Confederation of the Rhine in 1813 and transferred to the camp of the allies Prussia and Russia .
Shortly after the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. on March 17, 1813 in Breslau with the appeal An Mein Volk to his subjects, "Prussians and Germans" asked for support for the fight against Emperor Napoleon I , Duke Karl published an appeal on March 30th to form his own hussar Regiment .
The order for the regiment to be formed was given to the Prussian lieutenant colonel Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm von Warburg , who came from Mecklenburg-Strelitz , and was promoted to colonel . On April 10, 1813, the Duke held a convocation day in Neubrandenburg , under the leadership of Minister August von Oertzen, to discuss financing with the estates . The stands approved large, voluntary funds and horses. The Duke had the court's silver utensils melted down, and Princess Friederike donated her jewelry. Guilds and guilds provided their silver cups and shields.
The large number of volunteers and the donations made it possible to set up four squadrons , each with 120 horses, within two months .
In addition, there was a division of volunteer hunters on horseback of 60 men who equipped themselves at their own expense and were only entitled to food during their service time. These hunters were used for faster field service, outposts and broadcasts as well as for the security of the regiment. They were not on guard duty and all of them had at least the rank of non-commissioned officer .
campaign
On June 29th, the Neustrelitz regiment set out and moved via Berlin , Frankfurt an der Oder , Züllichau , Trachenberg to Ohlau to the 1st Prussian Army Corps under General Yorck . Here it was assigned to the Second Brigade , which was under the command of Duke Karl , the youngest son of the ruling Duke of Strelitz.
At Löwenberg the 2nd squadron suffered its first losses on August 21; on August 23, the entire regiment was involved in the battle near Goldberg , as well as on August 26 in the battle of the Katzbach .
On October 3, the regiment crossed in the battle of Wartenburg the same and particularly distinguished himself. On October 16, it was used in the Battle of Leipzig near Möckern , where the hussar Joachim Christian Timm (1784-1853) from Tornow captured the regimental standard ( eagle ) of the French 1st Marine Artillery Regiment. After Duke Karl was seriously wounded, Colonel von Warburg took command of his brigade. The regiment lost a third of its officer corps through death or serious injury: three officers were killed, three were seriously injured, with the commanding officer of the first squadron, Major Leopold von Bismarck (-Schönhausen) (1770-1813), a little later in Halle an der Saale succumbed to his injuries.
The regiment, reduced to about 280 men and horses, moved west, crossed the Rhine on January 2, 1814, and moved towards Metz . It took part in the battles of Montmirail and Château-Thierry and took part in the Battle of Laon on March 9 . On March 24th it crossed the Marne at Chateau-Thierry and advanced towards Montmirail. From there it moved to Paris . At the beginning of April we went to recreation quarters in the northern department near Calais .
On July 18, 1814, the first detachment of hunters and 42 hussars returned home. The Jägerkorps was disbanded on August 11, 1814.
The rest of the hussars did not arrive in Neustrelitz until March 23, 1815. In the summer campaign of 1815 , the regiment returned to the field on June 16, 1815, but only arrived after the decisive battle at Waterloo and was still involved in the capture of French fortresses, such as on September 4 at Montmédy . With the conclusion of the Second Paris Peace , the regiment began the march back. It returned to Neustrelitz on December 21, 1815 and was finally disbanded at the end of March 1816.
Uniforms
The hussars wore a black jacket with yellow trimmings, over it a black fur with yellow trim and trimmed with white fur, gray riding breeches, black leather gear and a shako with a white cross and the national cockade and with yellow fishing cords .
The hunters were generally dressed like the hussars, the jacket and fur trimmed in green with yellow trimmings and black lapels and collars, and the fur trimmed with black; the collar was edged with a golden braid , the shako had green cords; In addition to sabers and pistols, they also carried a rifle, and they all carried a golden portepee .
The horses, both the hussars and the hunters, had large, black horse blankets that were edged with blue and yellow rimmed prongs.
Standard
On November 5, 1815, the regiment received in the quarters in Luxembourg as an award from King Friedrich Wilhelm III. awarded a standard , which is decorated with the Mecklenburg coat of arms on the iron cross and the ducal monogram in the corners. The standard has been preserved to this day and is kept in the magazine of the German Historical Museum in Berlin.
In 1863 a copy of the standard was made for the Mecklenburg-Strelitz region of the Principality of Ratzeburg . This is now in the Folklore Museum in Schönberg .
Awards
All members of the regiment received, like members of the Prussian army, the Prussian war memorial . 36 enlisted men and NCOs as well as 13 officers received the Iron Cross II. Class, as well as 20 persons entitled to inheritance of fallen soldiers, Colonel von Warburg received the Iron Cross I. Class on December 16, 1813, and eleven officers received Russian medals such as the Order of Anne and Vladimir , including Lieutenant August Milarch , Vice-Rector in Neubrandenburg and later chronicler of the regiment, which received the Order of Vladimir 4th class with the ribbon; Colonel von Warburg was honored with the Georgs-Order .
Skirmishes
- Löwenberg , August 21, 1813
- Goldberg , August 23, 1813
- an der Katzbach , August 26, 1813
- Wartenburg , October 3, 1313
- Battle of Leipzig , October 16, 1813
- Freiburg, October 21, 1813
- la Chaussee, February 3, 1814
- Chalons, February 4, 1814
- Château-Thierry , February 11, 1814
- Laon , March 9, 1814
- Paris , March 30, 1814
See also
literature
- Friedrich Müller : Actual representation of the participation of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in the war against France in the years 1813 and 1814 . Ferdinand Albanus, Neustrelitz 1814
- Friedrich Richter: Memories from the campaign that was gloriously ended by the former Mecklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment in 1813: with a special reference to the voluntary hunter corps. (Heinrich) Korb, Neustrelitz 1838
- August Milarch: Memories of the Meklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment in the years of the liberation struggle from 1813 to 1815: written down from the diary of an old hussar and authentic sources. Carl Brünslow, Neubrandenburg 1854 ( digitized version )
- Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : The Meklenburg-Strelitzischen voluntary hussars 1813-1816. In: Meklenburg in pictures. Volume 3 (1844), pp. 36–40 ( full text )
- Maximilian Haberland: History of the Mecklenburg-Strelitz C-Hussar Regiment and the life story of Queen Louise: two school speeches given in the Grand Ducal Realschule in Neustrelitz. (Hermann) Bohl, Neustrelitz 1905
- Werner Behm: The Mecklenburgers from 1813 to 15 in the Wars of Liberation. 3rd edition Hermes, Hamburg approx. 1913 ( digitized version of the Rostock University Library)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Reprinted in memorials (lit.), p. 7f
- ↑ The eagle came to the Garrison Church (Potsdam) in 1816 , see the detailed discussion in this forum , accessed on March 20, 2013
- ^ Memoirs (Lit.), p. 132
- ^ Standard from the Mecklenburg-Strelitz Hussar Regiment, Inv. Company 74/5
- ↑ Copy of the C-Hussar flag , accessed on April 30, 2020
- ↑ See the lists in Memoirs (Lit.), pp. 307–310