Litthau Uhlan Regiment No. 12

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The Litthauische Lancers Regiment. 12 was a cavalry joined the Prussian army .

Association membership 1914

Seal mark Litthauisches Uhlan Regiment No. 12
Commanding General : Lieutenant General Hermann von François (in charge of the command)
Commander : Lieutenant General Otto von Below
Commander: Major General Robert of Cape Lord

history

In the course of the army reform, AKO ordered the formation of a 4th combined Uhlan regiment of four squadrons on January 26, 1860 . To this end, the Cuirassier Regiments No. 2 and 3 and the Uhlan Regiments No. 4 and 8 each gave up a squadron. May 7, 1860 was set as the foundation day.

On June 14, 1860, the regiment was ready for action with staff, 1st and 2nd squadrons in Insterburg, and 3rd and 4th squadrons in Wehlau . Major Friedrich von Trotha was appointed first commander .

By AKO on July 4, 1860, the association was named the Litthauisches Ulanen-Regiment (No. 12) , which was also changed by AKO on May 7, 1861 into its final form, Litthauisches Ulanen-Regiment No. 12 .

German war

In the war against Austria, the regiment moved to Silesia and Bohemia and was involved in several smaller skirmishes. On July 3, 1866, the Uhlans fought in the Battle of Königgrätz and then returned to their locations in mid-September without any major fighting.

Franco-German War

When the war against France began in 1870 , the regiment was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division and took part in the enclosure of the fortress of Metz . After Metz capitulated on October 27, the division moved to the Loire , where the French Loire Army threatened the German ring of enclosure around Paris . There were several skirmishes in which the Uhlans were involved until Orléans finally fell into the hands of the Germans on December 4, 1870. The battle of Beaune-la-Rolande was of particular importance when the first cavalry division, together with four battalions from the 5th Infantry Division , was able to intervene just in time to save the German X. Corps from defeat. This reinforcement turned the impending defeat into a clear victory. Some parts of the regiment fought on the advance on Vendôme until the beginning of the Battle of Le Mans in January 1871. After the end of the fighting, the regiment belonged to the occupation force and returned to its garrisons in the summer of 1871, where it arrived in June.

First World War

The regiment retained its cavalry status throughout the war. During this time it was constantly used in the association of the 1st Cavalry Division , 2nd Cavalry Brigade together with the Jäger Regiment on Horses No. 9 .

At the beginning of the First World War , the Uhlans moved to the east, where they were initially used in border guards. At the end of August they took part in the Battle of Tannenberg and in mid-September in the Battle of the Masurian Lakes .

This was followed by the task of the patrol, security and reconnaissance service in Lithuania between Nyemen and the East Prussian border until November 1915 .

From November 1915 to August 1917, the regiment was responsible for coastal protection in Courland . During this time there was no enemy contact. After isolated fighting east of Riga in autumn 1917, the regiment came to stage inspection 10 and was deployed in the rear area. This also included combating alliances of armed Russian deserters and other armed groups of the population that did not belong to the combatant status. In the spring of 1918 the riders were involved in the advance to Lake Peipus and then took over the protection of the Estonian border. In May 1918 he was transferred to the Ukraine to work in the security service there until the end of the war.

Whereabouts

On February 22, 1919, the regiment returned to Insterburg, only to be demobilized and disbanded.

From the remnants of the regiment, a volunteer squadron was set up for border protection against Poland and for the police service in Königsberg.

The tradition took over in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of the Army Command General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt from August 24th, 1921 the 3rd Squadron of the 1st (Prussian) Cavalry Regiment in Insterburg.

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Lieutenant colonel Friedrich von Trotha May 12 to June 30, 1860 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich von Trotha 0July 1, 1860 to June 25, 1864
Lieutenant colonel Ferdinand von Glasenapp June 25, 1864 to April 2, 1866
Lieutenant colonel Alfred von Kehler 0April 3, 1866 to August 24, 1867
Lieutenant colonel Oskar von Bode August 25, 1867 to August 17, 1869
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Otto von Rosenberg August 18, 1869 to February 10, 1875
Colonel Thure from Kuylenstjerna February 11, 1875 to March 11, 1876
Lieutenant colonel Ferdinand of Rudolphi March 12, 1876 to June 10, 1879
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ernst von Dielzielsky June 11, 1879 to May 14, 1886
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hermann von Kaisenberg May 15, 1886 to January 17, 1891
Colonel Maximilian von Lange January 18, 1891 to April 20, 1894
Lieutenant colonel from Scheffer April 21, 1894 to December 13, 1897
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Theodor von Wernitz December 14, 1897 to July 17, 1902
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Richard von Schmidt July 18, 1902 to June 17, 1906
Lieutenant colonel George of Leipzig June 18, 1906 to February 17, 1908
Lieutenant colonel Paul von Thiel February 18, 1908 to November 18, 1909
Colonel Julius Croll November 19, 1909 to March 19, 1911
Colonel Paul von Below March 20, 1911 to November 1, 1914
Lieutenant colonel Arthur Hay 0November 2, 1914 to June 12, 1915
Colonel Franz Hotop June 13, 1915 to June 9, 1918
Colonel Arthus Hay June 10, 1918 to the end
Color scheme of the uniform (1890), i.e. before the introduction of the field-gray field service uniform

uniform

The Ulanka called tunic was made of dark blue cloth. The badge color (cuffs, collar, parade discounts, Tschapkarabatte, epaulette fields and passers-by) was light blue. The boot pants were anthracite. The buttons and fittings of the chapka were yellow, the parade hair bush was white. On the shoulders of the ulanka there were epaulettes with the regimental number. A white bandolier with a black cartridge ran from the left shoulder to the right hip . Crews and NCOs wielded tubular steel lances with black and white lance flags.

Already ordered by AKO on February 14, 1907 and introduced gradually from 1909/10, the colorful uniform was replaced for the first time by the field-gray field service uniform (M 1910) on the occasion of the imperial maneuver in 1913. This was completely like the peace uniform. The leather gear and the boots were natural brown, the Tschapka was covered by a reed-colored fabric cover. The bandolier and the cartridge were no longer applied to this uniform.

literature

  • Hugo FW Schulz: The Prussian Cavalry Regiments 1913/1914. Weltbild, Augsburg 1992.
  • Franz Weisbrodt: The Litthau Uhlan Regiment No. 12 from the formation to the present . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1886.
  • Achim Kwasny (editor): Short excerpt on the history of the Royal Prussian Uhlan Regiment (Litthauisches) No. 12. 1860 to 1918. German military history archive, location 2003.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Our Old Army's Hall of Fame. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, p. 32.
  2. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , pp. 171–172.