Schwabach

This article deals with the city of Schwabach in Bavaria; for other meanings see Schwabach (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '  N , 11 ° 1'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Middle Franconia
Height :	326 m above sea level NHN
Area :	40.82 km 2
Residents:	40,981 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	1004 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	91126
Primaries :	09122, 0911
License plate :	SC
Community key :	09 5 65 000
City structure:	15 parts of the community
City administration address :	Ludwigstrasse 16 91126 Schwabach
Website :	www.schwabach.de
Lord Mayor :	Peter Reiss ( SPD )
Location of the city of Schwabach in Bavaria

Bird's eye view of the market square

Marketplace

Half-timbered house in the city center

Schwabach is a Franconian independent city and the smallest in the Free State of Bavaria . It is located in the administrative region of Middle Franconia . Together with Nuremberg , Fürth and Erlangen , Schwabach forms one of the three major cities in Bavaria. Together with the surrounding area, these cities form the European Metropolitan Region of Nuremberg , one of eleven metropolitan regions in Germany.

geography

The city of Schwabach is located in the Middle Franconian basin . The landscape is dominated by forests in the south, west and north, most of which are designated as protected forests . To the east, the Rednitz floodplain defines the landscape. The Rednitztal has been a European Natura 2000 FFH protected area since 2004 . The old town itself is located in a flat valley on both sides of the Schwabach , which flows into the Rednitz outside of the populated areas in the urban area, and is surrounded by the other districts. In the north, the city has grown together with some of the southern districts of Nuremberg . In the west, south and east, Schwabach borders on the district of Roth .

City structure

Grown districts

• Old town - the old town is divided by the partly still existing medieval town wall.
• Southern suburb
• Northern suburb (Nürnberger Tor)
• Vogelherd
• Eichwasen
• Garden home

Parish parts

The municipality has 15 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

Dietersdorf ( parish village ) Forsthof (settlement) Limbach (parish village) Nasbach ( village ) Oberbaimbach (village) Obermainbach (village) Penzendorf ( Kirchdorf ) Raubershof ( hamlet )

Schaftnach (village) Schwabach (main town) Schwarzach (village) Uigenau (village) Unterbaimbach (hamlet) Unterreichenbach (parish village) Wolkersdorf (parish village)

Markings

The municipality is divided into seven districts . The year of incorporation into the city of Schwabach and the origin (the name of the previous municipality) are given in brackets.

• Uigenau and Forsthof (1924, from Kammerstein ), with Maisenlach state forest 427.780 ha
• Limbach and Nasbach (1956, from Penzendorf), 529,460 ha
• Unterreichenbach (1960, independent; the remainder remained as the municipality of Volkersgau), 231.141 ha
• Obermainbach (1972, from Ottersdorf ), 225,220 ha
• Wolkersdorf with Dietersdorf, Oberbaimbach, Unterbaimbach and Raubershof (1972, independent) (with forest district Brünst 1277.770 ha)
• Penzendorf (1972, independent), 302.680 ha
• Schaftnach with Schwarzach (1978, from Kleinschwarzenlohe ), 229.780 ha

Schwabach at the discharge

Other area gains and incorporations

In addition to the current parts of the municipality (see above), the following areas were added to the urban area:

• 1905: Part of the Penzendorf district for the city cemetery, 7.092 ha
• 1921: Part of the Walpersdorf community, for the Vogelherd settlement, 5.104 ha
• 1922: Part of the Penzendorf district, rounding off the urban area, 11.126 ha
• 1924: Maisenlach state forest (with Uigenau and Forsthof 427.780 ha)
• 1933: Part of the Penzendorf district, for the city cemetery, 3.018 ha
• 1970: Part of the Walpersdorf community, for the Falbenholz industrial park, 25.121 ha
• 1972: Brünst forest district (with Wolkersdorf 1277.770 ha)

history

Gold roof on the town hall

In 1117 the place was first mentioned as "villa Suabach". The place name is derived from the same name of the water, whose basic word aha, ahe ( ahd. For river) and whose defining word is the tribal name swāb (= Alemanne ). Alemanni originally settled on the river basin.

In 1303 Schwabach was first referred to as the "market" and in 1375 received city rights.

The well-known Schwabacher font, called " Schwabacher ", developed around 1470 as a new font. It became a variant of the broken scripts that became extremely popular as the typeface used in the first printed Lutheran Bibles.

In 1505 Barbara Schwab was the first alleged witch to be arrested, tortured and executed in Schwabach. In the course of the witch hunt in the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach , five more women were executed in Schwabach for alleged witchcraft in 1592.

The late Gothic sculptor Adam Kraft was buried on January 21, 1509 in Schwabach. He gave the name to one of the Schwabach high schools .

The Reformation came to Schwabach with the introduction of the "Brandenburg-Nuremberg Church Order" in 1528.

In the Goldener Stern inn on the market square, the Schwabach articles were written by Philipp Melanchthon during a convention from October 6th to 19th, 1529 between the envoys of Margrave Georg of Brandenburg-Ansbach and those of the City Council of Nuremberg with the assistance of Martin Luther . These 17 articles together with the Torgau articles form the basis of the Confessio Augustana . Because of its importance for the Reformation, Schwabach was awarded the honorary title “ Reformation City of Europe ” in 2015 by the Community of Evangelical Churches in Europe .

During the Thirty Years War , Schwabach was captured by Wallenstein's troops on July 1, 1632 . During the five days of sacking, the Soldateska destroyed much of the city. The miller's daughter Anna Wolf documented this attack. Later, the chronicles tell, Schwabach was so destroyed and deserted that grass grew on the streets.

After the war, initially Austrian and Upper Palatinate religious refugees , then from 1686 Huguenots from France were accepted into the city. The latter were allowed to build their own little church, the “Franzosenkirche”, in the Boxlohe.

In 1709 the postal rate was set in the Württembergische Land = Post = Ordinance from Stuttgart , via Beutelsbach / Heppach , Schorndorf , Gmünd , Ellwangen and Schwabach to Nuremberg. The house at the golden goose on the market square as a former post office bears witness to its importance .

The Alte Linde was first mentioned in 1768 .

At the end of the 18th century there were 484 properties in Schwabach. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach Oberamt Schwabach . Landlord that were city judge Schwabach (479 Property: 355 houses, 55/2 home, 11 houses back right 34 houses with brewing right, 11 Tafernwirtschaften , 3 taverns, 4 forging, 2 grinding mills, 1 grinder, needle, Schor- and paper mill 2 Leonische wire factories, 2 calico factories, 1 brickworks ), the Frauentraut'sche Foundation (1 restaurant, 1 house) and the Katzwang office of the Ebrach monastery (1 Ganzhof, 1 Widemgut-Ganzhof with brewing rights, 1 house). In addition to the property there was still

• stately buildings (mint, grain box, road and customs house, road workers' house, insane asylum),
• municipal buildings (mint, coin laboratory, town hall, gatekeeper house, cowherd's house, horse shepherd's house and waymaker house, hospital servant and swineherd's house, 5 houses, 1 fulling mill)
• Hospital foundation building (school building, cemetery, hospital building, grain store, hospital church),
• ecclesiastical buildings (rectory for the 2nd city chaplain, chaplain house, dean's courtyard, sacristan's house, Latin school, German school house, parish church, hospital and poor house of the French Reformed Church).

On November 5, 1797, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe stayed at the oldest inn in town, "Zum Weisse Lamm", because the "Golden Goose" was too expensive for him. In 1547, Elector Johann Friedrich von Sachsen was imprisoned for a short time in the “Goldene Gans” inn . Since then, the building on the market square has been called the Fürstenherberge, and Landgrave Philipp von Hessen was not voluntarily accommodated there either. The Margraves of Ansbach , the Swedish King Gustav Adolf and the imperial general Wallenstein later stayed here . In the courtyard you can find the former vaulted horse stables - typical for the inns and post offices of the time - because the prince's hostel also served as the imperial post office until the completion of the Ludwig-Süd-Nord-Bahn in 1849.

In 1806 Schwabach, which had also been part of the Franconian Empire since 1500 , with the Margraviate Ansbach, became Bavarian in the course of the reorganization of Europe under Napoleon , after it had been Prussian for a short time since 1792. In the Treaty of Schönbrunn of December 15, 1805, Prussia had to surrender the Principality of Ansbach-Bayreuth to France in exchange for the Electorate of Hanover until it came to the new Kingdom of Bavaria on January 1, 1806 .

Schwabach had a tower keeper until 1912 .

In 1934/1935 Schwabach became a garrison town with the "Auf der Reit" barracks. The founders of the NSDAP -Ortsgruppe in Schwabach belonged to the trained at teacher training college in Schwabach and a short time as a teacher and member of the SA in Schwabach active Fritz Schoeller, which then in Neustadt an der Aisch one of Julius Streicher favored nationwide career up to the deputy Gaupropagandaleiter ( 1934) began. During the Second World War, Schwabach was bombed for the first time on October 13, 1941 from 0:45 a.m. to 2:00 a.m. There were 11 fatalities. The last bombs fell on April 18, 1945, while the battle for Nuremberg was raging. With the surrender on April 19, 1945 Schwabach escaped destruction.

The memorial book - Victims of the persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist tyranny 1933–1945 lists 10 victims by name among the inhabitants of Schwabach.

The barracks were used by the US Army after the war and renamed O'Brien Barracks . In 1969 a national party congress of the NPD took place in the Markgrafensaal in Schwabach . In 1992 the American armed forces withdrew and the extensive area was returned to the Federal Republic of Germany. Today it houses a mixed residential and commercial area with a start-up center. Until the district reform , which came into force on July 1, 1972, Schwabach was the seat of the Schwabach district of the same name , which completely surrounded the independent city.

The redevelopment of the old town was recognized in 1979 with the award of the Europa Nostra Medal . As a result of the district reform, the city lost its status as a district town and became (through the incorporation of former municipalities of the Schwabach district into Nuremberg and Schwabach) the direct neighbor of Nuremberg. It belongs to the Nuremberg-Fürth-Erlangen-Schwabach city axis with four directly adjacent independent cities.

On January 1, 1972, parts of the area of ​​the dissolved communities Büchenbach and Ottersdorf were incorporated. On July 1, 1972, the previously independent community of Penzendorf and parts of the dissolved community of Wolkersdorf were added, which was still called Dietersdorf until October 13, 1959 . Since the district reform, the Schwabacher license plate SC is one of the nine rarest license plates in Germany .

In 2012, the 7th Franconian Day took place in Schwabach , with the motto “Women in Franconia”.

Since 2015 Schwabach has been able to call itself “Fairtrade City” . Due to the commitment of many individuals, large and small businesses, schools and parishes, to improve living conditions in the global south through the sale of fair trade products . The certificate was presented by the Fairtrade honorary ambassador Manfred Holz.

In 2017 Schwabach celebrated its 900th anniversary with numerous festivals, cultural events and special exhibitions.

Population development

Population development of Schwabach from 1800 to 2017 according to the table below

year Residents 1800 3,000 1840 6,981 1900 9,385 1925 11,782 1950 19,376 1985 34,284 1995 38,757

year Residents 2005 38,879 2010 39,941 2011 38,469 2015 40,428 2016 40,707 2017 40,781 2018 40,792

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the city grew from 34,217 to 40,792 by 6,575 inhabitants or 19.2%.

politics

City council election 2020

Turnout: 52.6% (2014: 51.1%)

 %

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

35.8
(-9.0)

25.2
(-2.9)

23.8
(+7.9)

8.6
(-0.1)

3.7
(+1.3)

2.9
( n.k. )

CSU

SPD

Green

FW

FDP

left

2014



2020



City council

→ Main article : Results of the local elections in Schwabach

The Social Democrats (SPD) provided the mayor from 1945 to 2008 and again from 2020 and the largest parliamentary group until 2002. Since the local elections in 2008 , the CSU has been the strongest political party in Schwabach.

The result of the local elections on March 15, 2020 led to the following distribution of seats with a turnout of 52.6%:

Political party	CSU	SPD	Green	FDP	FW	left	total
Seats	14th	10	10	2	3	1	40
G / V *	- 4th	- 1	+ 4	+ 1	- 1	+ 1	-

^* P / L: gains or losses compared to the 2014 election

Lord Mayor

Schwabach town hall (with gold roof) and town church on the market square

Schwabach's urban policy has been characterized by a relatively high degree of continuity since 1945. From the end of the Second World War to 2008, only two mayors ruled. Hartwig Reimann was the youngest, and at the end of his term of office, the longest-serving Lord Mayor of an independent city in Bavaria. His successor Matthias Thürauf was also the youngest Lord Mayor of an independent town in Bavaria when he took office in 2008. In the run-off elections for the local elections on March 29, 2020, Peter Reiss (SPD) was elected as the new mayor. He took office on May 1, 2020, replacing Matthias Thürauf (CSU), who was no longer running for election. Reiss is the youngest Lord Mayor of Schwabach to date and currently also the youngest Lord Mayor of an independent town in Bavaria.

In the mayor's runoff election on March 29, according to the official final result, Peter Reiss received 10,331 votes, or 53.7 percent. Competitor Michael Fraas (CSU) received 8,922 votes (46.3 percent).

Peter Reiss succeeds Hans Hocheder (SPD, in office from 1948 to 1970), Hartwig Reimann (SPD, 1970 to 2008) and Thürauf (2008 to 2020). This makes him the fourth mayor of Schwabach since World War II.

• Hans Hocheder (SPD), Lord Mayor 1945–1970
• Hartwig Reimann (SPD), Lord Mayor 1970–2008
• Matthias Thürauf (CSU), Lord Mayor 2008 - April 30, 2020
• Peter Reiss (SPD), Lord Mayor from May 1, 2020

At the constituent meeting of the new city council on May 8, 2020, Emil Heinlein (CSU) was elected second mayor and Petra Novotny (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen) was elected third mayor.

City administration

The city administration has several official buildings in the city area, to which the following units are distributed:

• Internal Services and Schools (1)
• Law, Environment and Social Affairs (2)
• Finance and Economy (3)
• Urban planning and construction (4)

The lectures are led by the Lord Mayor and the professional city councilors Knut Engelbrecht (City Councilor, since 2012), Sascha Spahic (City Treasurer, since 2012) and Ricus Kerckhoff (City Planning Officer, since 2012). Unit 1 is currently headed by the Lord Mayor.

badges and flags

Previous coats of arms

1371

1480

Blazon : "In red on a silver arch, asilver crenellated tower covered with blue , on the right by a golden shield , inside a red armored black eagle , to the left by a blue shield, inside a red armored golden lion between golden shingles ." White and red municipal flag

Reasons for the coat of arms: Schwabach's first coat of arms shows two crossed golden beer pots on a red background in a split shield in front of the Hohenzollern black and white. It symbolizes the importance of beer brewing in the city as well as the city lords, the Hohenzollern burgraves of Nuremberg. It was awarded to the city by the Nuremberg burgrave Friedrich V and appears for the first time on the seal of a document dated August 9, 1371. The second coat of arms, which shows the burgrave lions, the Hohenzollern colors and the beer scoops on four fields, was awarded in 1480 by Albrecht Achilles , Elector of Brandenburg. When Schwabach became Bavarian in 1808, the coat of arms was only moderately changed. Instead of the Hohenzollern colors black and white, it now shows the Bavarian white and blue diamonds and the Palatinate lion instead of the burgrave lion. In 1953 the current coat of arms was finally introduced. It was decided to include the elements of the market town seal from 1329. The red shield shows a crenellated tower on a round arch, accompanied by two shields with the imperial eagle and the Nassau lion.

Town twinning

• After initial contacts in 1973, a town twinning was agreed on February 7, 1975 with the French town of Les Sables-d'Olonne on the Atlantic. This partnership resulted in the sponsorship of both cities in 1985 with an agricultural school in Gossas ( Fatick region ) in western Senegal supported by the Catholic Mission .
• The partnership with the Turkish city ​​of Kemer has existed since 1998 ; it was the third German-Turkish agreement of this kind in Central Franconia.
• With the small Greek town of Καλαμπάκα ( Kalambaka ), at the foot of the Meteora monastery classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the latest partnership agreement was signed in 2002 in Schwabach and 2003 in Kalambaka.
• The Chinese city of Shenzhen has a so-called "regional partnership" with the Nuremberg region (the four cities of Nuremberg, Fürth , Erlangen and Schwabach and the four districts of Nürnberger Land , Roth , Fürth and Erlangen-Höchstadt ). This was closed in 1997.

Culture, religion and sights

city ​​Museum

Expansion of the city museum by Niederwöhmeier + Kief

The museum, housed in the former barracks, has a collection on local handicrafts and trades as well as the local guilds. The Egg Museum (with a rare Fabergé egg ) compiled by Carl Wenglein , the founder of the World Association for Nature and Bird Conservation, forms a separate department . A special collection includes ethnographic antiques from the former German colony of East Africa (weapons, jewelry, textiles and African everyday objects). Since November 20, 2005, the city museum has presented the world's largest special collection of toys from the Fleischmann company on 800 m². Another section deals with the history of the US Army in the city from 1945 to 1992. The museum is also part of the North Bavarian Industriestrasse . The museum was expanded by the Nuremberg architects Niederwöhrmeier + Kief .

religion

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 40.8% of the population were Protestant, 29.5% Roman Catholic , 29.7% belonged to another religious community, were without confession or remained without information. As of December 31, 2017, 36.0% of the 41,521 inhabitants were Protestant, 26.1% Roman Catholic, 37.8% belonged to another religious community or were without a denomination.

Churches

French Church

St. Jakobus, Unterreichenbach

• City church St. Johannes and St. Martin with the Schwabacher Altar , a high altar from the workshop of Michael Wolgemut , the teacher of Albrecht Dürer . The late Gothic convertible altar (completed in 1508) with its carvings is a classic example of the use of gold leaf .
• evang.-luth. Spitalkirche St. Antonius and St. Elisabeth (the oldest of the Evangelical Lutheran inner city churches)
• evang.-luth. Dreieinigkeitskirche (former Gottesackerkirche)
• French Church of the Evangelical Reformed Congregation
• St. Jakobus Unterreichenbach (on the Jakobsweg)
• evang.-luth. Schwabach-Gethsemanekirche church
• evang.-luth. Church of Schwabach-Dietersdorf "Georgskirche"
• evang.-luth. Schwabach-Unterreichenbach church
• evang.-luth. Schwabach-Wolkersdorf Church "Christophoruskirche"
• Evangelical Methodist Church
• evangelical reformed church
• Schwabach Baptist Church
• Catholic Church of St. Sebald. The Pentecost choir frescoes, in the nave the bipolar fresco Sacrifice of the Mass before the Crucifixion scene, Last Supper and in the old part God the Father with angels above the church were painted in 1947 by the Munich neo-baroque painter Josef Wittmann . The wall frescoes 12 Apostles and Evangelists are no longer preserved, the drafts for them as well as for the ceiling frescoes are in the Diocesan Museum Regensburg. The left altar excerpt of St. Michael is also by Josef Wittmann (1947). The correspondence between Josef Wittmann and the then pastor Johann Gg. Uebler von St. Sebald on the creation of the frescoes has been preserved in the church archive, as well as the commemorative publication from 1951 on the renovation.
• cath. Church of St. Peter and Paul
• Catholic Church Wolkersdorf "Holy Family"
• Catholic Church Dietersdorf “St. Hedwig "
• Greek Orthodox Church
• Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses
• New Apostolic Church
• Romanian Christian Baptist Church

Mosques

• Golden mosque
• Hak Yol Camii

Jewish Museum

The Jewish Museum Franconia in Schwabach opened at the beginning of June 2015. The museum is located in a former Jewish house on Synagogengasse. A leaf hut with impressive wall paintings from the late Baroque period was discovered in it. Many historical buildings such as the synagogue , rabbi's house, teaching house and houses of Jewish court factors and families have been preserved. a. also the house of Karl Marx's great-great-grandfather .

Buildings

• "City Hall" with a golden hall and golden roof. The large meeting room of the town hall was designed using 14,000 sheets of Schwabach gold leaf (by Kurt Severin and Max Friese ) with a frieze of ornamented inscriptions with the names of important Schwabach companies. Since then the hall has been called the "Golden Hall". On January 15, 1974, the hall was destroyed by arson and restored from 2000 to 2002.
• "Mint of the Margraves"
• "Goldschlägerwerkstatt"

See also : List of architectural monuments in Schwabach

Fountain

• The fountain on the market square, inaugurated in 1717, contains the portraits of the margravial family .
• "Goldschläger"; 1988 fountain made by the sculptor Andreas Teuchert showing the gold beater Werner Wolf at work

Protected areas

In Schwabach there are twelve designated landscape protection areas and one designated FFH area . (As of March 2016)

See also : List of landscape protection areas in Schwabach  and List of FFH areas in the city of Schwabach

Others

• The municipal gallery in the community center is run by the Künstlerbund Schwabach e. V. managed.
• The Golden Mile art hiking trail led through the old town .
• South of Schwabach im Heidenberg is a 14 kilometer long legend hiking trail.
• Goldschläger show workshop at the "Golden Egg"
• Former synagogue , rabbi's house, tabernacle and Jewish museum
• Schwabach puppet stage
• “Schwabach reads”, a series of readings by citizens for citizens

Regular events

• Carnival procession through Schwabach
• Children's church consecration
• Host festival (June)
• Summer night party of the volunteer fire brigade (June / July)
• Citizens' Festival (July)
• Ortung , an art exhibition that has taken place every two years since 1999, alternating with the Goldschlägernacht (August)
• Lindenfest of the KG "The Schwabanesen" (August)
• Parish Fair ("Kärwa") (September)
• LesArt / Literaturtage Schwabach , a literature festival that has been held annually in November since 1997 with renowned writers from Germany and abroad (November)
• Christmas Market

Sports

• Well-known players such as Manfred Ritschel , Roland Wabra and Christian Eigler emerged from the soccer department of SV Unterreichenbach .
• Since 1992 , the Schwabacher City Run, organized by TV 1848 Schwabach , has taken place every year in October with stretches of 21.1 km ( half marathon ), 10 km and 5.4 km, Nordic walking and several Bambini, children and youth runs.

societies

• DJK Schwabach, founded in 1922.
• SC 04 Schwabach
• The TV 1848 Schwabach is the date of incorporation on September 18 the oldest and largest with about 2,800 members (2,009) in 15 departments Sports Club 1848 Schwabach.
• Privileged fire rifle association in Schwabach from 1411
• Turkish Islamic Community DITIB - Schwabach
• Artist Association Schwabach e. V., founded on January 3, 1948.
• Fliegervereinigung Schwabach e. V. Luftsportverein founded in 1928, approx. 120 members at Büchenbach Airfield
• Riding and Driving Association Schwabach u. U. e. V, founded in 1955, about 250 members, promotion and practice of equestrian sport
• Fotoclub Schwabach e. V., founded on October 18, 1991, around 50 members, accompanying Schwabach activities and events, regular exhibitions
• RMSC Solidarity Schwabach e. V. founded in 1899, approx. 90 members, artistic cycling and unicycling. Regular events such as club evenings and joint activities
• Schwabach swimming club V., founded in 1952, approx. 300 members, swimming as a competitive and popular sport. Annual organization of the regionally known water rats and water fleas meeting in March and the Gold Sprinter Cup in June.
• Wolkersdorfer Bürgergemeinschaft e. V. is an active district association
• Limbacher Buergertreff e. V. exists since 1982, has more than 200 memberships and takes care of active citizen encounters in the Limbach district, publisher of the district magazine "Der Limbacher Bote".
• Citizens' forum Eichwasen e. V., a district association that has existed since 1989, takes care of the interests of the northern district of Eichwasen and organizes events such as the Advent market and district festival there.
• Rotary Club Schwabach, founded in 2019. A service club that promotes charitable projects in Schwabach in accordance with the Rotarian principle of “selfless service” and supports the encounter and training of young people worldwide. Associated with the Rotary Club is the legally independent and non-profit association

Economy and Infrastructure

Gold bat memorial

Schwabach benefits economically from its proximity to Nuremberg and the numerous commuters to the neighboring city and partly to nearby Erlangen .

In 2016, Schwabach achieved a gross domestic product (GDP) of € 1.380 billion within the city limits . In the same year, GDP per capita was € 34,015 (Bavaria: € 44,215, Germany € 38,180). In 2016 there were around 22,500 employed people in the city. The unemployment rate was 3.1% in December 2018.

In the 2016 future atlas , the urban district of Schwabach was ranked 81 out of 402 districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the places with “high future opportunities”.

Gold leaf

Schwabach is famous for its gold bats and the gold leaf they produce and export worldwide . Numerous sights around the world are covered with Schwabach gold leaf:

• Buckingham Palace in London
• the gold else on the Berlin Victory Column
• the Archangel Michael on the abbey church of Mont-Saint-Michel
• the interior of the Invalides in Paris
• the Kuchlbauer tower in Abensberg
• Towers of Orthodox Churches in Ukraine
• Palace domes in the Emirates

and many other buildings worth seeing all over the world were provided with Schwabach gold leaf.

The Golden Hall in the town hall, decorated with 14,000 sheets of Schwabach gold leaf, was designed by Kurt Severin and Max Friese . In 2004 Schwabach celebrated 500 years of gold leaf in Schwabach . The almost extinct handicraft of the gold beater is still practiced today by four companies, so the city can rightly call itself the center of gold leaf production worldwide. Gold leaf is still part of the Danziger Goldwasser modeled Schwabacher gold water , which is a spice liqueur with the finest Blattgoldstückchen.

More economy

In earlier centuries it was mainly craftsmen, such as beer brewers and gold smackers, as well as the first industrial companies in needle manufacture and wire drawing that determined economic activity. Today, the city is characterized by a broad spectrum of production, craft and service businesses, especially among medium-sized businesses. Many of these companies work in market niches in which some of them have achieved national market leadership. One example is the Maschinenfabrik Niehoff , which manufactures machines for the wire and cable industry, or the Heidolph Instruments company, which manufactures laboratory equipment, including for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The Ribe Group has also been based in Schwabach for over 100 years. It develops and manufactures connecting elements, technical springs, system technology and electrical fittings for the international market. The headquarters of Apollo-Optik , which was incorporated into the Dutch GrandVision BV Group in 2011, was in Schwabach . The textile company mister * lady relocated its headquarters, including the distribution center, to the West industrial park in 2015.

State Academy for Health and Food Safety

The Academy for Health and Food Safety North Bavaria has existed in Schwabach since 2012 . It belongs to the Bavarian State Office for Health and Food Safety based in Erlangen.

Institute for Rescue, Emergency and Disaster Management (IREM)

The IREM opened in March 2015 as a branch of the University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt (FHWS). Research is being carried out into the effective use of rescue services and disaster control.

schools

View of the SFZ Schwabach

In addition to the Adam-Kraft-Gymnasium, there is the artistic Wolfram-von-Eschenbach-Gymnasium in Schwabach. The city maintains a municipal business school and a vocational high school. The state is represented in the city with the Hermann Stamm Realschule and a vocational school. There are also two secondary schools and four primary schools. The special needs education sector is covered by the special educational support center SFZ (“School at the Museum”) and the Hans-Peter-Ruf-Schule of Lebenshilfe Schwabach-Roth. The Adolph von Henselt Music School and the Schwabach Adult Education Center are also located in Schwabach.

Kindergartens

There are 17 kindergartens from various providers in the city.

hospital

The Schwabach City Hospital, which has been fundamentally modernized in recent years and mostly newly built, offers 200 beds and has specialist departments for internal medicine, accident and general surgery, anesthesiology and the ear, nose and throat medicine department. Since 2015 there is no more gynecology and obstetrics. Attached to the house are a vocational school for nursing and a vocational school for physiotherapy and massage (provider: DEB German Adult Education Center).

Baths

There are two baths in Schwabach. The family-friendly park pool with a historic beer garden and ancient trees in the summer months, as well as the indoor pool for the ambitious athletes in the winter months.

Authorities

Tax office, new building from 1993

Schwabach owns many different institutions, including, for example, authorities such as the district court , the tax office and the regional department north of the Bay. State Office for Surveying and Geoinformation or the Schwabach surveying office with a branch in Weißenburg . There are also various police stations, including the Schwabach Criminal Police Inspectorate, the Police Inspectorate and the Water Police - Central Office Bavaria - part of the Central Franconian Police Headquarters of the Bavarian Police .

traffic

Schwabach has a relatively good infrastructure. With the train station on the Treuchtlingen – Nuremberg line , the city has a connection to regional traffic and the S2 line of the Nuremberg S-Bahn runs every 20 minutes on its own tracks to Roth / Altdorf during rush hour . In addition to the Schwabach train station, it also serves the Schwabach-Limbach stop . There are also city ​​bus routes for downtown Schwabach and a Nuremberg city bus route to Nuremberg-Röthenbach , where there is a connection to the Nuremberg subway . At the weekend, a NightLiner connects Nuremberg with Schwabach every hour . The A 6 motorway crosses the urban area in the south with the two junctions Schwabach-West and Schwabach-Süd. Further connections exist through the federal highways 2 and 466 . The Rhine-Main-Danube Canal near the eastern city limits and the Schwabach airfield 10 km to the south should also be mentioned. It is worth mentioning that there was not a single traffic fatality in Schwabach in 2011 .

See also : List of district roads in Schwabach

media

In Schwabach the local news was printed until 2006, which is then completed in Nuremberg with the remaining parts of the Nürnberger Nachrichten (NN) and offered as Schwabacher Tagblatt (ST). Since the publisher's death and the subsequent purchase of the ST by the NN, the entire newspaper has been printed in Nuremberg; the editorial office is still in Schwabach.

The Axel Springer Auto Verlag has its seats in Schwabach. Among other things that are AutoBild Allrad, Auto Bild Motorsport and Auto Bild Sportscars published. B&M Marketing GmbH, also based in Schwabach, is responsible for marketing these brands and, since 2020, for the brands Auto Bild , Sport Bild and Computer Bild .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

→ Main article : List of honorary citizens of Schwabach

sons and daughters of the town

Artist

• Konrad Feuerlein (1629–1704), Lutheran theologian and hymn composer
• Maier Kohn (1802–1875), musicologist and teacher
• Adolph von Henselt (1814–1889), composer and piano virtuoso of the late Romantic period
• Johann Michael Kupfer (1859–1917), painter and sculptor
• Philipp Kittler (1861–1944), artist
• Josef Wirth (1884–1941), sculptor
• Gustav König (1910–2005), conductor and general music director
• Alfred Kohler (1916–1984), painter
• Peter Mussbach (* 1949), director
• Walter Zimmermann (* 1949), composer, author and university professor
• Gerhard Falkner (* 1951), writer
• Reiner Gaar (* 1958), composer, church music director and lecturer
• Peter Fulda (* 1968), jazz pianist, composer and arranger
• Klaus Cäsar Zehrer (* 1969), author

Politician

• Johann Friedrich Roth (born May 9, 1863 - † August 23, 1943 in Jena), politician (FVp, DDP)
• Hans Schuberth (born April 5, 1897; † September 2, 1976 in Munich), politician (CSU), Federal Minister for Telecommunications Affairs
• Adolf Ostertag (born July 22, 1939), trade unionist and member of the Bundestag (SPD)
• Karl Freller (born March 2, 1956), Member of the State Parliament (CSU)

athlete

• Hans Hartmann , racing cyclist
• Matthias Volz (born May 4, 1910 in Schwabach; † August 26, 2004 in Spalt), gymnast, Olympic champion (team) and bronze medalist in 1936 in Berlin, TV 1848 Schwabach
• Manfred Ritschel (born June 7, 1946), football player
• Sven Lorenz (born May 7, 1979), powerlifting fighter
• Philipp Tschauner (born November 3, 1985), soccer player (including TSV 1860 Munich , FC St. Pauli , Hannover 96 )
• Sebastian Reinwand (born August 7, 1987), long-distance runner and triathlete

scientist

• Jean-Philippe Baratier (born January 19, 1721 - † October 5, 1740), the "Schwabach child prodigy"
• Johann Gottfried Zinn (December 4, 1727 - April 6, 1759), physician and botanist
• Johann Conrad Gütle (born March 25, 1747 - October 18, 1827), instrument maker, private teacher in mathematics, physics and chemistry
• Michael Ehrenreich Kauzmann (born June 25, 1769 - † July 28, 1816), surgeon in Reval
• Anton Friedrich von Tröltsch (born April 3, 1829 - † January 9, 1890), doctor and professor of ear medicine
• Ferdinand Wilhelm Weber (1836–1879), theologian and Judaist
• Wilhelm Kohl (born January 22, 1848 - † May 10, 1898), Limes researcher
• Erasmus Kittler (born June 25, 1852 - March 14, 1929), electrical engineering pioneer and physicist
• Karl Hunger (born October 24, 1889 - † July 26, 1946), Germanist, pedagogue and teacher
• Gerhard Haider (1935–2005), hydrobiologist in Stuttgart
• Ursula Apel (born December 22, 1938), Hermann Hesse researcher
• Arno Kleber (born May 11, 1955), geographer
• Ralf Baumeister (* 1961), bioinformatician and molecular geneticist
• Bernhard Grill (born January 5, 1961), involved in the development of the mp3 format
• Volker Herrmann (born May 31, 1967), medieval archaeologist and building researcher

Others

• Johann Conrad Vogel (1656–1721), organ builder
• Anna Wolf (* 1602), chronicler of the conquest of Schwabach in 1632 by the murdering and plundering troops of Wallenstein

Personalities who work on site

• Johann Philipp Andreae (1700–1762), was a German mathematician, mechanic, sundial and compass maker, and editor
• Helga Schmitt-Bussinger (born November 23, 1957), city councilor and member of the state parliament (SPD)
• Sabine Weigand (* 1961), writer and politician (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
• Martin Kastler (* 1974), politician (CSU)

Stumbling blocks for Nazi victims

→ Main article : List of stumbling blocks in Schwabach

In 2014, eight stumbling blocks were laid in Schwabach for people persecuted by the Nazi regime , including factory owner Walter Tuchmann (1891–1942) and Rabbi Salomon Mannes (1871–1960), both of whom had been forced to emigrate . (See above for the memorial book .)

See also

• The Hüttlinger

literature

• Gold bat town Schwabach. 500 years of gold leaf, 1504–2004. CD-ROM. imbiss-media, Nuremberg 2004, ISBN 3-938451-01-7 .
• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Schwabach . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 5 : S-U . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1802, DNB  790364328 , OCLC 833753112 , Sp. 206-223 ( digitized version ).
• Karl Dehm, Gottlob Heckel: History of houses in the old town of Schwabach. With a directory of homeowners. History and local history association e. V., Schwabach 1979, DNB 456856951 .
• Friedrich Eigler : Schwabach (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Franconia . I, 28). Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz 1990, ISBN 3-7696-9941-6 .
• Karl Gröber, Felix Mader : City and district of Schwabach (=  The art monuments of Bavaria . Middle Franconia 7). R. Oldenburg, Munich 1939, DNB  366496239 , p. 19-120 .
• Kurt Pilz: The town church of St. Johannes and St. Martinus in Schwabach. Their history and their works of art. Evangelical Lutheran Parish Office St. Martin u. a., Schwabach 1979, ISBN 3-922575-00-5 .
• Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein : Lexicon of Franconian place names. Origin and meaning . Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia, Lower Franconia. CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-59131-0 , p. 203 .
• Heinrich Schlüpfinger (Ed.): 600 years of the city of Schwabach. 1371-1971. Festschrift for the 600th anniversary. On behalf of the city of Schwabach. Schwabach 1971, DNB 740691201 .
• Eugen Schöler, Sabine Weigand, Wolfgang Dippert: Historisches Stadtlexikon Schwabach. Schmidt, Neustadt a. d. Aisch 2008, ISBN 978-3-87707-714-6 .
• Gottfried Stieber: Schwabach . In: Historical and topographical news from the Principality of Brandenburg-Onolzbach . Johann Jacob Enderes, Schwabach 1761, p. 711-740 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Schwabach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Schwabach in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

• Official website of the city of Schwabach
• Schwabach in the Topographia Franconiae of the University of Würzburg , accessed on September 25, 2019.
• Schwabach: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Community Schwabach in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 25, 2019.
3. ^ Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein , p. 203.
4. ↑ Traudl Kleefeld: Against forgetting. Witch persecution in Franconia - places of remembrance. J. H. Röll, Dettelbach 2016. P. 18 ff.
5. ↑ Schwabach, the city of the Reformation. Germany. Gold leaf does not lead to an agreement either. In: reformation-cities.org, accessed on May 30, 2018.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Schwabach's Horrible Days in the Thirty Years War. A report by the miller's daughter Anna Wolf. In: zak-schwabach.de. August 20, 2013, accessed on September 9, 2018 (PDF; 620 kB).
7. ↑ ^{a b} Susanne Ilse: Life in old walls. 900 years of Schwabach. In: br.de. January 28, 2017, Retrieved May 30, 2018 (10:41 min.). 
8. ^ Friedrich Haas: Contributions to the traffic history of the old Württemberg traffic system (until 1819). In: Württemberg quarterly for regional history Stuttgart. XXV, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1916, pp. 307-389.
9. ↑ Friedrich Eigler : Schwabach (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Part Franconia . I, 28). Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz 1990, ISBN 3-7696-9941-6 . P. 421 f.
10. ^ Ewald Ostendorff: The Hohenzollern House. A patriotic memorial book in pictures and words. Reprint of the original from 1910. Europäische Geschichtsverlag (an imprint of Salzwasser Verlag), Paderborn 2011, ISBN 978-3-86382-072-5 , pp. 175–176, urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-201510027084 (BoD) .
11. ^ Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia. The Volkish Awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Ph. CW Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch 2016 (= Streiflichter from the local history. Special volume 4), ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 198, 233 f.
12. ↑ pastor Pleschs war diary. In: museum-schwanstetten.de, accessed on January 9, 2015.
13. ↑ Search in the name directory. Federal Archives , accessed on October 5, 2019 (search for Schwabach / place of residence).
14. ^ Michael Rademacher: Verwaltungsgeschichte.de. Schwabach. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
15. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 602 .
16. ↑ 900 years Schwabach - anniversary year 2017. In: schwabach.de. October 11, 2016, archived from the original on October 11, 2016 ; accessed on May 30, 2018 (website of the city of Schwabach on 900 years of Schwabach). 
17. ↑ [1] In: schwabach.de, accessed on April 3, 2020.
18. ↑ [2] In: schwabach.de, accessed on May 9, 2020.
19. ↑ Entry on Schwabach's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History , accessed on September 6, 2017 .
20. ↑ Schwabach. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved June 16, 2020 . 
21. ↑ town twinning. In: schwabach.de, accessed on March 18, 2016.
22. ^ N + K City Museum Schwabach. Retrieved August 9, 2020 . 
23. ↑ Schwabach. Population in regional comparison by religion -in% -. In: 2011 Census , accessed March 31, 2020.
24. ↑ Tab. 4.7: Main residential population by average age, gender, status, marital status and religious affiliation in the statistical districts on December 31, 2017. In: Statistisches Jahrbuch 2018. Ed .: City of Erlangen, June 2019, p. 15 ( schwabach.de [PDF; 8.6 MB; accessed on February 11, 2020]).
25. ^ The Jewish Museum Franconia opens in Schwabach. In: nordbayern.de, June 3, 2015, accessed October 30, 2015.
26. ↑ (yes): Schwabach: Hare hunting in the Sukka. Tabernacle is to become the third Jewish museum in Franconia. In: Jüdische Allgemeine . October 7, 2014.
27. ↑ Wolkersdorfer Bürgergemeinschaft e. V. In: bg-wolkersdorf.de, accessed on May 30, 2018.
28. ↑ Limbacher Buergertreff e. V. In: limbacher-buergertreff.de, accessed on May 30, 2018.
29. ^ Citizens' forum Eichwasen e. V. In: buergerforum-eichwasen.de, accessed on March 30, 2020.
30. ↑ Rotary Aid Organization Schwabach e. V. Accessed December 30, 2019.
31. ↑ Current results - VGR dL. In: statistik-bw.de. Retrieved January 7, 2019 . 
32. ↑ State of Bavaria. Federal Employment Agency, accessed on January 7, 2019 . 
33. ↑ Future Atlas 2016. In: handelsblatt.com. Archived from the original ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . 
34. ↑ Schwabach's city hospital no longer offers obstetrics. Press release. In: nordbayern.de, October 18, 2014, accessed on March 31, 2020.
35. ^ Pools in Schwabach. (No longer available online.) In: stadtwerke-schwabach.de. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016 ; accessed on May 30, 2018 . 
36. ↑ Federal and State Statistical Offices - Regional Atlas Germany.
37. ↑ Media Impact: Axel Springer and Funke Mediengruppe terminate marketing joint venture. In: axelspringer.com. January 20, 2020, accessed July 27, 2020 . 
38. ↑ Anna Wolf Medal. In: schwabach.de, accessed on September 9, 2018.
39. ↑ Schwabach: ZDF remembers Anna Wolf in “Terra X”. In: nordbayern.de . September 6, 2018, accessed September 9, 2018.