Forchheim district
| coat of arms | Germany map |
|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 49 ° 43 ' N , 11 ° 10' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Bavaria |
| Administrative region : | Upper Franconia |
| Administrative headquarters : | Forchheim |
| Area : | 642.79 km 2 |
| Residents: | 116,203 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 181 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | FO, EBS , PEG |
| Circle key : | 09 4 74 |
| NUTS : | DE248 |
| Circle structure: | 29 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Am Streckerplatz 3 91301 Forchheim |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Hermann Ulm ( CSU ) |
| Location of the Forchheim district in Bavaria | |
  |
|
The district of Forchheim is in the south of the administrative district of Upper Franconia in Bavaria. He is a member of the Nuremberg Metropolitan Region .
geography
location
A large part of the district is in Franconian Switzerland . The Regnitz flows through the west of the district, coming from Nuremberg / Erlangen , from south to north , which takes in the Wiesent coming from the east near the district town of Forchheim and further downstream, on the border with the district of Bamberg, the Aisch coming from the west . Further south near Erlangen, the Schwabach , which also flows through the Forchheim district, also flows into the Regnitz. The Main-Danube Canal runs through the district roughly parallel to the Regnitz . The highest point in the district is the Silberecke (602 meters above sea level) near Hiltpoltstein .
Neighboring areas
The district borders clockwise to the north, starting with the districts of Bamberg , Bayreuth , Nürnberger Land and Erlangen-Höchstadt .
history
Regional courts
Most of the area around Forchheim was under the suzerainty of the Bishop of Bamberg for almost 800 years until the bishopric of Bamberg was occupied by Bavarian troops on November 29, 1802. After incorporation into Bavaria , the regional courts of Forchheim and Graefenberg were founded in today's district in 1803 , which were responsible for both the judiciary and the administration. They initially belonged to the Pegnitzkreis , from 1808 to the Rezatkreis and from 1817 to the Obermainkreis , which was renamed Upper Franconia in 1838 .
District Office
The District Office Forchheim was formed in 1862 through the merger of the regional courts of the older order Forchheim and Graefenberg.
On January 1, 1889, the city of Forchheim left the district office.
district
On January 1, 1939, as everywhere in the German Reich, the designation district was introduced. The district office became the Forchheim district.
On April 1, 1940, the city of Forchheim was incorporated into the district. On April 1, 1948, Forchheim became a district again.
The district of Forchheim belonged to the administrative district of Upper Franconia even before the regional reform . In the 1960s, the district had 62 parishes, including one town and four markets .
As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , the delimitation of the district was changed on July 1, 1972:
- The city of Forchheim lost its status as an independent city, was incorporated into the district and became a major district town .
- The communities of Trailsdorf and Unterstürmig moved from the district of Bamberg to the district of Forchheim.
- From the dissolved district Ebermannstadt the city changed Ebermannstadt and the municipalities Albertshof, birch Reuth , Burggaillenreuth, Drosendorf a. Eggerbach, Drgendorf, Engelhardsberg , Eschlipp, Götzendorf, Hagenbach, Hetzelsdorf, Lützelsdorf, Muggendorf , Oberfellendorf , Pretzfeld , Streitberg , Tiefenstürmig, Unterleinleiter , Wannbach , Weigelshofen , Weilersbach , Wohlmannsgesees , Wohlmuthshüll and Wüstenstein in the Forchheim district.
- The municipalities of Bärnfels, Behringersmühle , Bieberbach , Geschwand, Gößweinstein , Kleingesee , Leutzdorf , Moggast, Morschreuth , Obertrubach , Stadelhofen, Unterailsfeld, Wichsenstein and Wolfsberg moved from the dissolved district of Pegnitz to the Forchheim district.
- The communities of Großengsee and Wildenfels and the community-free area of Wildenfelser Wald moved from the Forchheim district to the Nürnberger Land district .
- The municipality of Weppersdorf moved from the Forchheim district to the Erlangen-Höchstadt district .
Municipalities until 1972
|
|
Since 1972
On January 1, 1977, the Rosenbach community came from the Erlangen-Höchstadt district to the Forchheim district. They were incorporated into the market in Neunkirchen am Brand .
In 1991 Gudila Freifrau von Pölnitz donated the wildlife park established in 1975 near Hundshaupten Castle to the Forchheim district. On September 23, 2008 the district received the title Place of Diversity awarded by the Federal Government .
Population development
|
|
|
politics
District administrators
- 1945–1951: Karl Schoenbach ( CSU )
- 1951–1964: Paul Strian (CSU)
- 1964–1996: Otto Ammon (CSU)
- 1996–2014: Reinhardt Glauber ( FW )
- 2014–: Hermann Ulm (CSU)
District council
The last local elections led to the following allocation of seats in the district council :
| Party / list | 2002 | 2008 | 2014 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSU | 25th | 22nd | 23 | 21st |
| SPD | 11 | 10 | 9 | 7th |
| Free voters (FW) | 13 | 14th | 12 | 12 |
| Green | 3 | 5 | 6th | 11 |
| Young Citizens (JB) | 4th | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Forchheim district voter initiative (WLF) | 2 | 2 | 2 | - |
| The Republicans | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
| FDP | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| AfD | - | - | - | 2 |
| total | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
coat of arms
|
|
Blazon : “Over a silver shield base, inside a red fish, split by gold and red; in front a left-facing, red-armored black lion covered with a silver sloping left bar; behind an inclined silver key. " |
Justification of the coat of arms: The district coat of arms goes into the history of three former regional authorities.
|
The former coat of arms (until 1974) shows gold and red split; in front a left-facing, red-armored black lion covered with a silver sloping left bar; behind a golden bridal crown with hanging ribbons over two golden cherries connected by the stems.
Partnerships
Partnerships exist with the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district of Berlin, the French city of Biscarrosse and the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district in Saxony.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the Future Atlas 2016, the Forchheim district was ranked 51st out of 402 districts and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the places with “high future opportunities”.
traffic
train
The main axis of long-distance traffic is the Regnitz valley, in which the Kingdom of Bavaria had the Nuremberg - Bamberg line built as early as 1844 for the Ludwigs-Süd-Nord-Bahn .
From the district town of Forchheim, the Bavarian State Railways put two local railways into operation. The first led in 1891 in the Wiesenttal up to the former district town of Ebermannstadt, the second in 1892 across the Aischgrund to Höchstadt .
From Ebermannstadt the valleys of Franconian Switzerland should be opened up. At the beginning of the First World War, the line in the Leinleitertal to Heiligenstadt was opened in 1915 . In contrast, the construction of the line to Behringersmühle dragged on in stages until 1930; then the Deutsche Reichsbahn abandoned the plan to establish the connection via Pottenstein to Pegnitz .
The south of the district was served by the secondary railway Erlangen-Eschenau-Graefenberg in 1886 , which became known under the name Seku or manatee .
Today, regular passenger traffic is still 34 kilometers long. In contrast, four local railway sections with a length of 39 kilometers were closed:
- 1960: Gasseldorf - Unterleinleiter - Heiligenstadt
- 1961/63: Erlangen - Neunkirchen am Brand - Eschenau
- 1976: Ebermannstadt - Behringersmühle
- 1984: Forchheim - Poppendorf - Hemhofen - Höchstadt (Aisch)
In the Wiesent valley between Ebermannstadt and Behringersmühle, the Fränkische Schweiz e. V. the tourist traffic with their museum train.
Local public transport (ÖPNV)
- history
- The district of Forchheim had already joined the Zweckverband Verkehrsverbund Großraum Nürnberg (VGN) early on (1987) . Until the "Reformation" of local public transport, which was triggered by a district council resolution in 2001, public bus services in the Forchheim district consisted of lines that were partly self-operated and partly subsidized by the district. Most of the concessions were owned by the local rail bus company Omnibusverkehr Franken (OVF), some of them were owned by smaller family businesses. (See also: public transport authority )
- Reorganization of the public bus routes
- In 2005, the district of Forchheim was the first district in Bavaria to start tendering its public bus routes across Europe in the form of line bundles (LB). Three LB or lines were tendered together with neighboring districts (Bayreuth, Erlangen-Höchstadt). Until then, only the district of Munich had already reassigned individual lines in the same way. An indispensable prerequisite for the invitation to tender was the preparation of a local transport plan corresponding to the Bavarian local transport guidelines, which was first developed under the guidance of VGN GmbH. In particular, the "adequate traffic service" and the concept of line bundling were to be specified.
- In the first step, six line bundles with 20 individual lines and a total transport performance of around 1.7 million bus kilometers were put up for tender. With the exception of a single LB (line 208), all surcharges went to local (regional) bus companies, which by then had for the most part already operated the lines. In addition to OVF, for the first time a family business also received the transport order for two smaller lines (LB 4, VGN lines 235, 236). Although some family businesses lost some of their own lines, the continued existence of all local businesses as subcontractors could be ensured, contrary to initial fears. The start of operations after the first round of tenders took place on June 1, 2006.
- In the following years, the regular services were gradually optimized, which was only possible to a very limited extent before the tender. With the VGN timetable change in 2007/08, LB 1 (Stadtverkehr Forchheim) was expanded to 30-minute intervals and LB 2 (Northern regional lines: Hallerndorf and Eggolsheim) to one-hour intervals during rush hour (HVZ). The central connection ("rendezvous") of all lines has since been set up at the new central bus station (ZOB) Forchheim.
- In 2008/09, LB 3, 4 and 5 were also extended to 60-minute intervals (HVZ). At the same time, at the beginning of the VGN leisure season, new leisure lines were set up every two hours ("Trubachtalexpress" line 229: Graefenberg – Obertrubach / Egloffstein – Gößweinstein, “Wildparkexpress” line 235: Ebermannstadt station – Wildpark Hundshaupten – Egloffstein) or Hourly cycle ("Wiesenttalexpress" line 389: Ebermannstadt – Pegnitz station) created. They are all interlinked and together open up the recreational area of (Forchheim) Franconian Switzerland, which is important for the entire Nuremberg area, and represent an important basis for regional day-to-day tourism on the weekends.
- A fourth weekend line was set up in 2010 with the “Hallerndorfer Kellerexpress” (VGN line 265). In the VGN summer season (May 1st – November 1st), it runs the popular two lines in 2012 and 2013, now three in 2014, established as the front runners in the “VGN Leisure Line Charts”.
- The total performance of bus traffic in the Forchheim district increased from the previous two to approximately three million kilometers after all the optimization stages were completed. Further increases in performance resulted from the initial tendering of LB 7 (regional lines west) and 8 (regional lines south), whereby the scope of LB 8 (DB Regiobus) changed only slightly, while that of LB 7 (Kraus, Buckenhofen) changed due to the consolidation of the The frequency of line 206 in the evenings and on weekends as well as the realignment of the VGN line 216 to the new Kersbach S-Bahn stop was significantly expanded. The integration of the school bus line 206 S, which had previously been exempt from public transport, brought a further increase into public transport one year later.
- The last increase in performance was brought about by the second round of tenders, which opened in December 2012 with the start of operations for LB 3 (Klemm, Ebermannstadt), 4 and 5 (Schmetterling-Reisen, Obertrubach). Three further lines, which had previously been operated independently, were included in the new award. With the VGN timetable change in 2013, LB 1 (DB Regiobus), 2 (Klemm) and 6 (Schmetterling-Reisen) were reassigned. LB 6 (VGN line 208, until then Effeltrich – Erlangen) was realigned to the Baiersdorf train station and the bus kilometer performance was also significantly expanded.
- As of December 1, 2015, the total performance of all public bus routes in the Forchheim district was around 3.6 million kilometers. With the planned start-up of new operations of the LB 7 and 8 in December 2018, the second round of awarding contracts, with which all basic traffic will be driven by new and handicapped-accessible low-floor buses. They are air-conditioned throughout and RBL - and thus DEFAS -capable. The other buses required for school transport are limited to a maximum age of 19 years.
- Bus traffic in numbers (as of: VGN timetable change December 13, 2015)
- Annual line kilometers: approx. 3.66 million
- Number of bus vehicles used: 96
- from that:
- Standard buses (SL): 83
- Low floor (NF): 46
- Articulated trains (GL): 6
- Small or midi buses: 8
- Passengers transported (annually): approx. 3.6 million
- Call bus and call collective taxi
- The district's bus network is supplemented by a collective call taxi (AST) and on-call bus (RBus) system. While the RBus only acts as a replacement or a more economical solution in the form of small buses instead of standard buses, the AST covers the so-called total low traffic times (SVZ) every two hours. This means that the district area is supplied with taxi and minibus rides during low-demand traffic times outside of the regular bus schedule times. Since the VGN timetable change in 2015/16, these have been shown in the regular bus timetables.
Streets
The federal motorway 73 runs through the district in a north-south direction, with a direct connection to the district town of Forchheim . The federal road 470 comes from the east at Gößweinstein into the district and runs via Ebermannstadt and Forchheim to Heroldsbach, where it leaves the district again to the west of the village. The Federal Highway 2 runs in the southeast of the district (Igensdorf, Graefenberg, Hiltpoltstein).
Airfields
In the vicinity of Ebermannstadt is the Burg Feuerstein airfield , a commercial airfield for small aircraft. The special airfield at Hetzleser Berg airfield is also located near Neunkirchen am Brand .
economy
In the district of Forchheim there are 22,161 employees subject to social security contributions (as of June 2004). In contrast to other districts of Northern Bavaria, Forchheim has a relatively stable employment trend.
In the manufacturing sector (industry + manufacturing trades) in 2005 there were 6,477 employees in companies with 20 or more employees, who had a turnover of 2.27 billion euros. 72.3% of sales were generated abroad.
According to the Chamber of Industry and Commerce (IHK) for Upper Franconia, the largest employers are Siemens AG (Forchheim / medical technology), Kennametal GmbH & Co. KG (Ebermannstadt / tool making), Huhtamaki Forchheim GmbH & Co. KG (Forchheim / packaging) and the hospital Forchheim of the United Beneficiary Foundations (Forchheim).
Many residents from the city and the district of Forchheim commute to Erlangen to work .
schools
There are the following secondary schools in the district:
- Realschule Ebermannstadt
- Franconian Switzerland high school in Ebermannstadt
- Georg Hartmann Realschule in Forchheim
- Herder-Gymnasium Forchheim
- Ehrenbürg high school in Forchheim
- Ritter-von-Wirnt secondary school in Graefenberg
- Middle School Graefenberg
- Ritter von Traitteur Middle School in Forchheim
- Adalbert Stifter Middle School in Forchheim
- Eggolsheim Middle School
- Hallerndorf Middle School
- Heroldsbach Middle School
- Gößweinstein Middle School
- Middle School Kirchehrenbach
- Middle School Neunkirchen am Brand
Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2019)
Other communities
|
 
|
Culture and sights
In the Forchheim district are u. a. the following sights:
|
Tanzlinde | Effeltrich municipality |
|
Honorary Citizenship (Walberla) | |
|
Forchheim Castle (Imperial Palace) | City of Forchheim |
|
Gößweinstein Castle | Gößweinstein market |
|
Valley of the Wiesent | community Wiesenttal |
The city of Forchheim is also known for the town hall, which was transformed into the “most beautiful Advent calendar in the world” during Advent .
Stone crosses
There are numerous stone crosses in the district , most of which are also designated as architectural monuments .
Protected areas
In the Forchheim district there are five nature reserves , four landscape protection areas , 23 protected landscape components , 17 FFH areas , 230 natural monuments and 96 designated geotopes . (As of September 2016)
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the Forchheim district
- List of landscape protection areas in the Forchheim district
- List of protected landscape components in the Forchheim district
- List of natural monuments in the Forchheim district
- List of FFH areas in the Forchheim district
- List of geotopes in the Forchheim district
freetime and sports
leisure
The Forchheim Annafest in the Kellerwald has around 500,000 visitors.
Sports
The Franconian Switzerland Marathon is organized by the Forchheim District Sports Office , starting in Forchheim, turning point is the Sachsenmühle and the destination is Ebermannstadt .
Since summer 2010 the year-round Königsbad has replaced the indoor and heated outdoor pools in Forchheim. In the west of the city is the 21 hectare sports island with a wide range of leisure activities.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing sign FO when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today. Since July 10, 2013, the license plate liberalization has also made the distinguishing marks EBS (Ebermannstadt) and PEG (Pegnitz) available.
literature
- Ingomar Bog : Forchheim (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Franconia . I, 5). Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1955, DNB 450540367 ( digitized version ).
- Tilmann Breuer : City and district of Forchheim (= Bavarian art monuments . Volume 12 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1961, DNB 450619338 .
Web links
- Official website of the district
- Entry on the coat of arms of the Forchheim district in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- Official tourism website
- Literature from and about the Forchheim district in the catalog of the German National Library
- Forchheim district: Official statistics of the LfStat
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 434 .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 97 .
- ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB 453660959 , Section II, Sp. 671 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of Bavaria into rural districts and independent cities of December 27, 1971
- ^ Eugen Hartmann: Statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Ed .: Royal Bavarian Statistical Bureau. Munich 1866, population figures of the district offices 1864 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Royal Bavarian Statistical Bureau (ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Munich 1888, population figures of the district offices 1885 ( digitized ).
- ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Upper Franconia
- ^ Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria, based on the census of June 16, 1925
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the German Reich 1940
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1952
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1961
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1981
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1992
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 2002
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Statistics Bavaria
- ↑ Entry on the coat of arms of the Forchheim district in the database of the House of Bavarian History , accessed on September 5, 2017 .
- ↑ Partnerships of the district on landkreis-forchheim.de
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
Independent cities: Amberg | Ansbach | Bamberg | Bayreuth | Coburg | Erlangen | Fürth | Yard | Nuremberg | Schwabach | Willows in the Upper Palatinate
Districts: District of Amberg-Sulzbach | District of Ansbach | Bamberg district | Bayreuth district | District of Coburg | District of Erlangen-Höchstadt | Forchheim district | Fürth district | District of Haßberge | District of Kitzingen | District of Kronach | District of Kulmbach | District of Lichtenfels | District of Neumarkt idOPf. | District Neustadt adAisch-Bad Windsheim | District Neustadt ad Waldnaab | District of Nürnberger Land | District of Roth | District of Sonneberg | District of Tirschenreuth | Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district | District of Wunsiedel in the Fichtel Mountains
Districts:
Aichach-Friedberg |
Altötting |
Amberg-Sulzbach |
Ansbach |
Aschaffenburg |
Augsburg |
Bad Kissingen |
Bad Toelz-Wolfratshausen |
Bamberg |
Bayreuth |
Berchtesgadener Land |
Cham |
Coburg |
Dachau |
Deggendorf |
Dillingen on the Danube |
Dingolfing-Landau |
Danube Ries |
Ebersberg |
Eichstätt |
Erding |
Erlangen-Höchstadt |
Forchheim |
Freising |
Freyung-Grafenau |
Fürstenfeldbruck |
Fürth |
Garmisch-Partenkirchen |
Gunzburg |
Hatred Mountains |
Yard |
Kelheim |
Kitzingen |
Kronach |
Kulmbach |
Landsberg am Lech |
Landshut |
Lichtenfels |
Lindau (Lake Constance) |
Main-Spessart |
Miesbach |
Miltenberg |
Mühldorf am Inn |
Munich |
Neuburg-Schrobenhausen |
Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate |
Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim |
Neustadt an der Waldnaab |
Neu-Ulm |
Nuremberg Country |
Oberallgäu |
Ostallgäu |
Passau |
Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm |
Rain |
Regensburg |
Rhön-Grabfeld |
Rosenheim |
Roth |
Rottal-Inn |
Schwandorf |
Schweinfurt |
Starnberg |
Straubing Arch |
Tirschenreuth |
Traunstein |
Unterallgäu |
Weilheim-Schongau |
Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen |
Wunsiedel in the Fichtel Mountains |
Wurzburg
Independent cities:
Amberg |
Ansbach |
Aschaffenburg |
Augsburg |
Bamberg |
Bayreuth |
Coburg |
Erlangen |
Fürth |
Hof (Saale) |
Ingolstadt |
Kaufbeuren |
Kempten (Allgäu) |
Landshut |
Memmingen |
Munich |
Nuremberg |
Passau |
Regensburg |
Rosenheim |
Schwabach |
Schweinfurt |
Straubing |
Willows in the Upper Palatinate |
Wurzburg