Burk (Forchheim)

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Burk
City of Forchheim
Burk coat of arms
Coordinates : 49 ° 43 '  N , 11 ° 3'  E
Height : 267 m above sea level NN
Residents : 2053  (1987)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91301
Area code : 09191
map
Location of Burk
Burk from the west, in the background the city of Forchheim
Burk from the west, in the background the city of Forchheim

Burk is the south-western district of the large district town of Forchheim in the Bavarian administrative district of Upper Franconia .

location

The parish village of Burk is located in the Regnitz valley , one kilometer west of the town center of Forchheim and has merged with the former municipality of Buckenhofen to the north . The place was created on a prominent protrusion at a height of 267  m above sea level. NN around ten meters above the level of the at 255  m above sea level. NN flowing Regnitz.

In terms of nature, Burk lies between the landscapes of Aischgrund (north-west) and the Northern Central Franconian Basin with the Franconian Switzerland rising to the east .

geology

In the fringes of the east of the Lower Mark, the sandstone Keuper is covered over a large area by Feuerletten , Rhät and tuber marl , which inhibit the groundwater and hold back the water. The top layer of Keuper sandstone is Rhaet, a yellowish-brown sandstone that is used as a regional building material.

climate

In the northern Central Franconian Basin there is a relatively dry and rain-free climate, which favors the cultivation of vegetables and fruit. Pond farming is characteristic of the landscape . Arable land is adjacent to the forests of the Riedelbacks, which are dominated by spruce and pine . Larger contiguous forest areas are the Untere Mark and the Markwald .

history

The origins of Burk go back to the first millennium AD. Already in Carolingian times an important trade route ran along the Regnitz valley between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea to the Danube, Alpine and Mediterranean regions. There are various indications that there was a castle there even before 900, from which the Regnitz loop above the mouth of the Wiesent could be controlled. Around 1007 the place appeared several times as "Schlirbach", a name that is still handed down today in the Schlehebacher ponds to the west. The exact location of the former Spornburg has not yet been explored, but it is assumed that the foundations of the Catholic parish church of the Three Kings at the end of the 16th century were built over.

The Motte Turmhügel Burk south of the village in the former Regnitzschleife, a Niederungsburg , was first mentioned in 1127, it disappeared in the Middle Ages . To the south of the village, on the road to Hausen, is the beautiful martyr from 1470.

After the unclear history of the place until the time after the Thirty Years' War , the Bavarian original cadastre again recorded a stately church and cluster village with over 100  farms there in the 1810s .

At the beginning of the industrial age , the place literally remained on the left (left the Regnitz), as both the Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal , built in the 1840s, and the Nuremberg – Bamberg railway line were built on the right in the valley. The place retained its agricultural and village character. Only the brick hut was built to the north outside.

During the Second World War , billeting took place and in the post-war period the number of inhabitants rose by leaps and bounds. A building boom set in in the 1960s. At about the same time, the Regnitz loop was dug up during the construction of the Main-Danube Canal and became an oxbow lake that is now under landscape protection.

Burk was incorporated into Forchheim in 1978 as part of the regional reform in Bavaria together with the former municipality of Buckenhofen .

Numerous architectural monuments from the 16th to the 19th century have been preserved. see also: List of architectural monuments in Burk .

coat of arms

The local coat of arms shows three golden crowns ( church patronage Holy Three Kings) on a red background over a silver battlement wall (for the assumed meaning of the place name as a fortified structure, castle). The approval was given on February 10, 1970 by the then Bavarian State Minister of the Interior , Bruno Merk .

Culture and sights

  • Burk from the East (2011)

  • Holy Epiphany from the west

  • Burk in the east

  • Aerial view of Burk

traffic

Web links

Commons : Burk (Forchheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Protection of parts of the landscape in the Forchheim district (LSG Burk)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Burk in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 25, 2017.
  2. ↑ https://geodienste.bfn.de/landschaften?lang=de
  3. ↑ 6231-371 Untere Mark forest area (FFH area). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation . Retrieved February 7, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b former Regnitz loop and Schlehebacher pond on historical map
  5. ↑ Burk's origins ( Memento of the original from March 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.roterochs.de
  6. ↑ Mentioned as Schlirbach 1,007
  7. ↑ Mentioned as Burk in connection with other places in the area
  8. ↑ a b List of monuments for Forchheim (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, pages 3, 9 and 40
  9. ↑ Burk around 1810 on historical map at BayernAtlas Klassik
  10. ↑ Klemens Stadler, Albrecht von und zu Eggloffstein: The coats of arms of the Upper Franconian districts, cities, markets and communities. Published by Bayreuth District Upper Franconia. Friends d. Plassenburg, 1990, ISBN 3-925162-17-8
  11. ↑ http://www.vgn.de/komauskunft/ttb/?sessionID=0&exactMatch=1&lineName=206