Ermreuth

Ermreuth Market Neunkirchen am Brand Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 25 ″  N , 11 ° 11 ′ 26 ″  E
Height :	369 m above sea level NN
Residents :	918  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Incorporation :	January 1, 1972
Postal code :	91077
Area code :	09192

Upper Schwabach Valley; View from Kasberg to Ermreuth and Rödlas

Ermreuth is a village in the market Neunkirchen am Brand in the Forchheim district . The place is in the upper Schwabach valley , six kilometers northeast of Neunkirchen am Brand and four kilometers west of Graefenberg .

history

The place (formerly Erporuit, Ermbreuth) was probably founded by members of the von Egloffstein family in the 11th century. It was first mentioned in a document in 1128. Half of the Lords of Egloffstein went from Ermreuth in 1400 to Barbara Muffel , wife of Eschenau landowner Niklas I, Muffel von Eschenau , the other half in 1422 to Lorenz Pirkheimer from Nuremberg, and from him in 1453 his brother-in-law Peter von Watt over. In 1464 Niklas III acquired von Muffel also the second half of Ermreuth, which until 1549 was owned by the von Muffel patrician family from Nuremberg .

After severe devastation in the First Margrave War in 1449 and changing owners, the place was occupied by Prussia in 1796 and occupied by Prussian troops for two years. In 1800 Prussia renounced sovereignty over Ermreuth. It passed to Bavaria on January 1, 1806 .

Ermreuth was essentially structured on a small scale. The fruit production played a significant role. Since the beginning of the 1950s, many farmers could no longer support themselves from the yields of the small goods; they looked for work as commuters in the nearby towns. Agriculture is mostly only operated as a sideline.

On January 1, 1972, the community lost its independence and was incorporated into the market in Neunkirchen am Brand.

In contrast to Neunkirchen, the majority of Ermreuth is Protestant. From around 1500, many Jews settled in Ermreuth, who had probably been expelled from Nuremberg. In 1711 a Jewish cemetery was laid out. In 1811 there were 44 Jewish families living in the village. In 1822 a new synagogue was inaugurated, one of the largest village synagogues in Upper Franconia. Around 1840 220 of the approximately 600 citizens of Ermreuth professed to be Jewish. Since 1871 they have been allowed to actively participate in community life under the Equal Rights Act and, for example, helped found the volunteer fire brigade. In 1933, discrimination against Jewish citizens began. During the Reichspogromnacht from November 9th to 10th, 1938, they were mistreated, their home furnishings and the interior of the synagogue destroyed; tombstones were knocked over at the cemetery. 15 of the 19 Jews who were still resident were deported and murdered in 1939 . Only four were able to emigrate to America in time .

The Ermreuth castle took place in the Third Reich as the NSDAP Gauführerschule use. At the beginning of the 1980s it served as the headquarters of the military sports group Hoffmann .

Culture and sights

In Ermreuth, the former synagogue was restored as an event location. The castle and the church are also worth seeing.

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  The Ermreuther Synagogue

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  Front facade of the Ermreuther Castle

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  Village church

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  Jewish Cemetery

Sons and daughters of the place

• Johann Bernhard Fischer (agricultural scientist) (1756–1813), cameraman, agricultural scientist, calligrapher, local historian and author.
• Christoph Weiß (1813–1883), art turner and writer

literature

• Gerhard Philipp Wolff: Ermreuth . In: Jewish life in Franconian Switzerland. Series of publications by the Franconian Switzerland Association . tape 11 . Erlangen / Jena 1997, p. 221-278 .
• Rajaa Nadler: The Jewish cemetery in Ermreuth . In: Jewish life in Franconian Switzerland. Series of publications by the Franconian Switzerland Association . tape 11 . Erlangen / Jena 1997, p. 279-296 .

Web links

Commons : Ermreuth  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Correction and amendment of the Füsselische Tagbuch, in the 2nd part, pp. 321-332, concerning Ermreut , in: Journal von und für Franken (1801)  - Sources and full texts

http://www.ermreuth.de/ Information on the district of Ermreuth

Individual evidence

1. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 462 .
2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ^ Neo-Nazis. Not just brush , in: Der Spiegel, No. 6/1980, pp. 57–58.