Johann Bernhard Fischer (agricultural scientist)

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Johann Bernhard Fischer (born May 24, 1756 in Ermreuth ; † October 2, 1813 in Stuttgart ) was a German camerawoman , agricultural scientist , calligrapher , local historian and author.

Life

Johann Bernhard Fischer was the son of the civil servant at the baron Künsberg manor Ermreuth and later treasurer of the Margravial Lottery in Ansbach Christian Friedrich Fischer (1717–1782). Johann Bernhard Fischer attended the village school in Ermreuth, worked because of the poor financial situation of the family at the age of 13 from 1769 in the office of the princely wood magazine inspector Knoll in Ansbach and was hired in 1772 as a clerk at the margravial lottery. In 1777 he moved to the margravial government of the Principality of Ansbach and became a clerk, in 1780 a secret clerk and in 1788 a secret registrar in Ansbach. In 1790 he was assigned the title of Margravial Chamber Commissioner as Kastner to Gerabronn and in 1797, after the caste office was dissolved, he was assigned to the Crailsheim district directorate as district commissioner . In 1801 he was appointed economic commissioner in the Principality of Ansbach and a royal Prussian chamber councilor. During this time he acquired an estate in Weidenbach near Triesdorf , the former summer residence of the Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach. In 1804 he was transferred to Dinkelsbühl , where he subsequently worked as police director and magistrate director. With the incorporation of the Principality of Ansbach into the Kingdom of Bavaria, he switched to Bavarian services in 1806, was retired in 1809 and resided in Crailsheim again. As a result of the Paris State Treaty, through which parts of the former principality of Ansbach were transferred to the Kingdom of Württemberg , he had to leave Crailsheim as a Bavarian pensioner, first moved to Oettingen and then returned to Dinkelsbühl. As a result of the cession of servants agreed between the two kingdoms, he was handed over to the Crown of Württemberg, in 1811 employed in the Department of the Interior in the Section of the Interior Administration as a Real Upper Government Councilor and in 1812 appointed as a Working Council at the Royal Ministry of Police.

At the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, Johann Bernhard Fischer researched the cultivation of various types of grain in Germany and published his research results in several publications.

Among other things, he was a member of the Märkische Ökonomische Gesellschaft zu Potsdam, founded in 1791, became a member of the Leipzig Economic Society in 1801, a member of the Agricultural Society in Celle and the Imperial Free Economic Society of Saint Petersburg in 1803 and a member of the Agricultural Society in Baiern in 1811.

In 1803 Johann Bernhard Fischer became a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . On September 30, 1803 he was given the surname Columellas with the matriculation number. 1022 accepted as a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . The choice of his academic epithet was reminiscent of the Roman writer Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella , who wrote a multi-volume work on agriculture, horticulture and arboriculture ( Rei rusticae libri duodecim ) at the time of Emperor Claudius .

In recognition of his work Statistical and Topographical Description of the Burggraftum Nuremberg , the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II awarded him the Great Golden Homage Medal. The Margrave Alexander von Brandenburg-Ansbach awarded him the Golden Medal of Diligence.

Fonts

  • Instruction to learn a proper and regular German-Latin, French and similar English writing . Anspach 1783 ( digitized version )
  • History and detailed description of the margravial Brandenburg capital and residence city Anspach, or Onolzbach, and their peculiarities; collected from documents, older writers and our own research . Anspach 1786 ( digitized version )
  • Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. First part. News of the state of the principality in general . Self-published, Ansbach 1787 ( digitized version )
  • Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Anspach 1790 ( digitized version )
  • About common divisions and the cultivation of hats and desolate places; especially in the principality of Ansbach, but also applicable to the other lands of the Frankish imperial district . Grattenauer, Nuremberg 1802 ( digitized version )
  • Non-profit agriculture calendar for the year 1803. Initially for the good country people of the Frankish Reichskreis; for Protestants and Catholics . Grattenauer, Nuremberg 1802 ( digitized version )
  • The village court in the exercise of its duties; or lessons for village judges, guilty men and women, about the dignified and legal fulfillment of their profession . Weidenbach 1804 ( digitized version )
  • About the cultivation of foreign grain species and some other useful crops in Germany . Grattenauer, Nuremberg 1804 ( digitized version )
  • About the loss of grain in the seed grain; and the quantity of seeds actually required for a certain, easily calculated arable area . Grattenauer, Nuremberg 1808 ( digitized version )
  • Instructions based on fourteen years of experience and observations on the cultivation of foreign grain types and some oil plants, then their properties, culture, benefits and uses; with evidence of the spread of those fruits so far, and the results of many agronomic friends . Creilsheim 1810 ( digitized version )
  • Calligraphic sheets for the practice of hard-working sons of good parents . 31 sheets, 1812
  • Preliminary exercises in calligraphy for beginners . 18 sheets, 1812

literature

  • Georg Christoph Hamberger and Johannes Georgius Meusel : The learned Teutschland or Lexicon of the now living German writers. 17th volume, supplement to the fifth edition, 5th volume, Lemgo 1820, pp. 584-585 ( digitized version )
  • Johann Paul Harl : Strange Economists. Johann Bernhard Fischer, royal. Württemberg Higher Regional Government Council. In: Extraordinary supplement to the economic news, 7, Juno 1817, pp. 49–54 ( digitized version )
  • Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860, p. 242 ( digitized version )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member entry by Johann Bernhard Fischer at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on June 8, 2020.
  2. ↑ Member entry of Johann Bernhard Fischer at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 8, 2020
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Johann Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German cinematographer, agricultural scientist, calligrapher, local historian and author
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1756
PLACE OF BIRTH Ermreuth
DATE OF DEATH October 2, 1813
Place of death Stuttgart