Leipzig Economic Society

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The Leipziger Ökonomische Sozietät was a society whose aim was to promote agriculture, economy and trade in the Electorate or Kingdom of Saxony through the dissemination and practical implementation of scientific knowledge.

history

During the Seven Years' War , Saxony's economy was on the verge of collapse due to war damage and contributions . During the war, however, plans for reconstruction were forged, initiated and directed by Thomas Freiherr von Fritsch , a senior official at the Saxon court who came from a Leipzig bookseller family. The application of new technologies in agriculture and industry played an essential role in the implementation of these plans in the so-called rétablissement .

Some of the citizens of Leipzig realized that the conservative science at the university made it impossible to transfer scientific knowledge into practice. With Peter von Hohenthal, Johann Georg von Einsiedel and Christian Gottlob Frege as initiators, they founded a society in 1764 that was supposed to take on this task, the "Leipziger Ökonomische Sozietät". In the first meeting of the Society it was decided to set up classes or sections, as this was seen as a further means of making the work profitable by specializing the forces. Three classes were established, each of these three classes was again divided into certain subdivisions, called "subdivisions".

Medal of homage from the society for Friedrich August III. - Back (left): Ceres , the Roman goddess of agriculture, Minerva as the protector of the craftsmen and trade, later goddess of wisdom, and Mercury , the god of traders

The society soon expanded its activities across the entire electorate. In addition to the publication of educational pamphlets, it maintained several model companies. By offering prizes and rewards, she directly promoted the solution of practical tasks. Teachers and pastors were encouraged to pass on new knowledge to the farmers.

The partnership introduced the cultivation of potatoes , clover and alfalfa in Saxony, the latter two under the aspect of the long-term security of feed to maintain the livestock. With the cultivation of tobacco and flax , imports should be reduced and the trade balance improved. The flax cultivation should strengthen the textile manufacturers . The naturalization of the high-performing merino sheep in Saxony also served this goal . Shepherd and shepherd schools were set up for this purpose. The introduction of high-yield fruit tree crops was also on the agenda.

The turmoil of the wars at the beginning of the 19th century caused the firm's activities to stagnate. The threatened dissolution was to be averted by the transformation into an "Economic Society in the Kingdom of Saxony". This was founded in October 1816 with its seat in Dresden. The Leipzig members declared this decision contrary to the statutes. The dispute lasted until 1824. From then on, both companies worked in parallel and independently of each other.

In 1837, in the course of the greater concentration on agriculture, four new sections were formed in the Leipzig Economic Society: arable farming, meadow cultivation, cattle breeding and economic technology. In 1850, the partnership decided to make the Leipzig-Möckern estate, leased two years earlier by its President Wilhelm Crusius for the establishment of a model business, available for the establishment of an agricultural research station, which took place in 1852. In the following years, the partnership concentrated on the administration of the agricultural research station in Möckern, which was taken over by the state of Saxony as a research station from 1874. The law firm published the test results. In 2002 the Leipzig-Möckern research institute celebrated its 150th anniversary in the Saxon State Institute for Agriculture. In November 2012, the last existing part of the former research institute (Division 6 - Laboratories Agriculture - of the State Operating Company for Environment and Agriculture) was closed by relocation to Nossen in Möckern.

The Leipziger Ökonomische Societät continued to support the development of agriculture in Saxony. The last sign of life is from 1942.

Directors of the company

Members and honorary members (selection)

Surname Life dates Membership from Normal case
"full member" 		Membership in
other scientific societies 		Remarks
Hans Moritz von Brühl, on Martinskirchen 1736-1809 1764 Honorary member London (1765), Göttingen (1785) Ambassador of the Electorate of Saxony in London
Friedrich Gottlieb Dietrich 1765 / 1768-1850 Regensburg.Bot.Ges., Ges.Nat.Fr.Berlin Botanist, garden designer
Karl Gottfried Erdmann 1774-1835 1801 Honorary member Smallpox vaccination introduced in Saxony
Christian Gottlob Frege 1715-1781 1764 Leipzig banker and merchant
Arnold Woldemar von Frege-Weltzien 1841-1916 Estate owners and politicians
Friedrich Gottlob glasses 1749-1804 Honorary member Academy of non-profit science in Erfurt Geologist, created one of the earliest geological maps in his description of the geology of Grafschaft Henneberg from 1775
Johann Samuel Traugott Gehler 1751-1795 1785 Honorary member Goerlitz (1779) "Physical dictionary"
Joseph of Hazzi 1768-1845 corresponding member Kgl. C. Agricultural. in Paris, farming society in Philadelphia, Saint Petersburg, Turin a. a. in Central Europe Board member of the agricultural association in Bavaria
Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz 1738-1801 1770 Saxon mining captain
Johann Karl Sigmund Kiefhaber 1762-1837 1805 foreign honorary member Nuremberg civil servant and historian
Karl Heinrich Klingert 1760-1828 1798 Honorary member Wroclaw kgl.-prussia. Government Mechanic
Friedrich August Krubsacius 1718-1789 1766 Honorary member Saxon master builder
Adam Friedrich Oeser 1717-1799 1764 Honorary member Goethe's drawing teacher in Leipzig
Johann George Palitzsch 1723-1788 1770 associated member Peasant scholar
Wilhelm Arrow 1783-1859 1822 Dreianzigacker, Potsdam, Berlin a. a. Forest scientist
Erdmann Traugott Reichel 1748-1832 Altenburgische Pomologische Ges. Leipzig Leipzig merchant
Johann Christian Schubart von dem Kleefelde 1734-1787 Agricultural reformers, especially clover cultivation
Christian Friedrich Schulze 1730-1775 Doctor and naturalist
Johann Daniel Titius 1729-1796 1767 Honorary member Co-discoverer of the Titius Bode series
Albrecht Daniel Thaer 1752-1828 1811 Honorary member "Founder of Agricultural Sciences in Germany"
Traugott Karl August Vogt 1762-1807 Honorary member Moscow, Meißner Ges.Förd.Weinbaus Mediciners
Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Widenmann 1764-1798 Ges.Nat.Fr.Berlin Mountain ridge
Benjamin Gottfried Weinart 1751-1813 Honorary member Görlitz, Meißner Ges.Förd.Weinbaus Historian and bibliographer
Georg Franz Dietrich from the Winckell 1762-1839 Honorary member Wetterauische Gesellschaft ; Ges. Z. Convey. d. total Natural science Marburg; Herzogl. Saxe-Gotha-Altenburgischen a. Meiningischen Soz. d. Forestry and hunting knowledge Forest and hunting scientist

Start-up

In 1990 the Leipziger Ökonomische Societät was re-established as a registered association. It sees itself as a “scientific society for the promotion of teaching, research and publication in economic, agricultural and related areas”. In addition to the areas mentioned, she sees her duties in the exchange of scientific opinions and information as well as further training, maintaining tradition in the field of economic and agricultural research and maintaining cooperation with scientific societies at home and abroad. Its activities relate primarily to Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.

The Societät annually awards a prize for the best work on a given topic. The prize consists, among other things, of a medal, the reverse of which corresponds to that of the historical medal. The front shows symbols associated with the character of the society.

literature

  • Horst Riedel: Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A to Z . PRO LEIPZIG, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8 , p. 344
  • Manfred Unger : The Saxon Reformers. The state reform of 1762/63 and the Leipzig Economic Society . Leipziger Blätter No. 20, Passage Verlag Leipzig 1992, p. 4
  • Klaus Reinsberg, Eberhard Schulze , Wolfgang Merbach (eds.): 250 years of the Leipziger Ökonomische Societät 1764 to 2014, lectures at the celebratory event at the Leipzig Chamber of Commerce on September 26, 2014, Announcements Agricultural Sciences, Issue 26, Fördergesellschaft für Agrarwissenschaften eV and Leipziger Ökonomische Societät eV

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Message from the SMUL  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) (accessed on November 13, 2012)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.smul.sachsen.de