Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz, painting by Anton Graff (1793)

Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz (born June 1, 1738 in Dresden ; † April 21, 1801 in Freiberg ) was a mining captain from the Electoral Saxony .

biography

The son of the judiciary Georg Ernst von Heynitz (1692–1751) and Sophia Dorothea, born von Hardenberg (1705–1773), received training from 1752 to 1754 at the Pforta State School . From 1755 to 1758 he studied camera science at the so-called Enlightenment University in Göttingen . One of his teachers was the then well-known camerawoman, the Bergrat and Police Director Johann Heinrich Gottlob von Justi .

On April 19, 1758 he entered the service of ducal Brunswick as court squire, and in 1761 he was appointed chamberlain.

From 1763 to 1765 Benno von Heynitz traveled together with Bergdrosten and later electoral Hanoverian mining captain Claus Friedrich von Reden , a brother-in-law of his older brother Friedrich Anton , England, France and the Netherlands. He was particularly interested in English manufacturing.

In 1765, the former chamberlain, Duke Carls, moved to the service of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, George III. , which also included part of the Harz Mountains. Until the spring of 1766 he worked for the latter as Bergdrost of the Communion Mining Authority Zellerfeld, after which he went to Electoral Saxony, where he was an assessor at the State Economics, Manufacture and Commerce Deputation and a real Accis Council in the General Accis College.

In 1770 Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz joined the Leipziger Ökonomische Societät , a society whose members were primarily committed to promoting agriculture and trade.

On February 18, 1775 von Heynitz - while retaining his assessor position in Dresden - received a seat and vote in the Freiberg Mining Authority, immediately behind the then Vice-Mining Captain Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra .

In the same year, on May 22, 1775, he married Anna Christiane, who belonged to the bourgeoisie, in Dresden against resistance at court. Poppe, b. Dinglinger. From this marriage comes the future Bavarian Chamberlain Friedrich Gottlob Benno von Heynitz (1776–1862), with whom the line Dröschkau-Miltitz died out. After the death of his uncle Gottlob Leberecht (1697–1779) on April 14, 1779, the settlement of fiefdoms and the renunciation of Miltitz (1781) declared by his older brother Friedrich Anton, Carl Wilhelm Benno received the estate near Meißen on which the married couple took up residence.

On December 4, 1779, von Heynitz succeeded Trebras as vice miner.

In 1784, the Deputy Mining Captain von Heynitz was appointed mining captain as the successor to the late Carl Eugenius Pabst von Ohain . He held his last office until 1785 under the chief miner Adam Friedrich von Ponickau ; after his death (on February 8, 1785) he succeeded Ponickau, albeit without being awarded the title of chief miner. Linked to this function was the supervision of the entire mining education system in Kursachsen, including that of higher mining education at the Freiberg Mining Academy .

Influenced by both the Enlightenment and Pietism , Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz was also very committed to society. He has made a particular contribution as a "commissioner" for the mining education system, as which he had already functioned since 1779. The complex of mining educational institutions that he set up, which not only teaches miners' children at the German city and village schools (Electoral Saxony), but also provides professional training at the "writing, arithmetic and drawing schools" in the Upper Ore Mountains and Goldberg ´schen or Erler´schen drawing school (the actual mountain school) in Freiberg was way ahead of its time. The financing regime he initiated for this purpose made it possible to educate the children, including completely destitute miners and smelters. The mining captain founded a German school on his Miltitz estate, which was hardly inferior to the village school created by Friedrich Eberhard von Rochow (1734–1805) on his estate in Reckahn .

Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz died on April 21, 1801 in Freiberg. His body was taken away from Freiberg in the council hearse on April 25, 1801 and buried in the churchyard of his Miltitz estate. On September 12, 1801, chief miner Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich von Trebra was appointed as Heynitz's successor .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Grave slab in Miltitz and obituary in the Freyberger Gemeinnützige Nachrichten for the Erzgebirge in Chursächsische Erzgebirge from April 30, 1801.
  2. ^ The register of the Georg August University in Göttingen. 1734-1837. On behalf of the university ed. von Götz von Selle, Hildesheim (inter alia), 1937, p. 112, entry no.4940 of Oct. 11, 1755.
  3. ^ Prass, Reiner: reform program and peasant interests. The dissolution of the traditional community economy in southern Lower Saxony, 1750–1883. Göttingen, 1997, p. 30.
  4. ↑ Appeal rescript of Duke Carl of Braunschweig and Lüneburg for Benno von "Heinitz" from April 19, 1758, in: Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden , Loc. 10384, Miltitz estate no.31, p. 2.
  5. ↑ The appointment rescript of Duke Carl of Braunschweig and Lüneburg for Benno von "Heinitz" from May 27, 1761, in: Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden , Loc. 10384, Miltitz estate no.31, p. 3
  6. ^ Claus Friedrich von Reden (1736-1791) . In: Nobility and Innovation. Industrial pioneers from the von Reden family. Exhibition catalog . Detmold 1996, pp. 26-32.
  7. ^ Rescript of the Electoral Saxon administrator, Prince Xaver, dated May 6, 1766 . In: Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden , Loc. 10384, Miltitz estate no.31, p. 54 f.
  8. ^ Fourteenth advertisement from the Leipzig economic society. in: Leipziger Intellektiven-Blatt 1770, “Beylage for the 27th piece”, p. 265. online @ archive.org
  9. ^ Rescript of Elector Friedrich Augusts from February 18, 1775, in: Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden , 10026 Geh. Cabinet, Loc. 512/1, sheet 220 f.
  10. ^ Heynitz: Contributions to the history of the von Heynitz family, I – III part, p. 149; IV part, p. 146.
  11. ^ Heynitz: Contributions to the history of the von Heynitz family, I – III part, p. 149; IV part, p. 100 ff.
  12. ^ Letter from Heynitz dated Nov. 29, 1779. In: Sächsisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden , GH Miltitz No. 31, Loc. 10384, pp. 57-58.
  13. ^ Kaden: Chamberlain and Mining Captain Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz (= historical series of publications of the Freiberg University Archives ; 4), TU Bergakademie Freiberg 2011, pp. 12-17.
  14. ↑ (fundamental) Kaden: Dissertation on the Saxon mountain school system (will be published soon by Böhlau Verlag) (ibid.)
  15. ↑ (basic) Trögel: Benno von Heynitz, a Saxon Rochow, and the school to Miltitz. Contribution to the history of educational pedagogy in Saxony . Leipzig 1921.
  16. ↑ Cloud: private notes on strange deaths , in: Stadtarchiv Freiberg , FAV-HS Aa 99 a, entry no.145 of April 21, 1801.

literature

  • Herbert Kaden : Chamberlain and Mining Captain Carl Wilhelm Benno von Heynitz . ( Historical publication series of the Freiberg University Archives ; no. 4) Freiberg, 2011.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Heynitz, Carl Wilhelm Benno von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Saxon mining captain and curator of the Freiberg Mining Academy
DATE OF BIRTH June 1, 1738
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH April 21, 1801
Place of death Freiberg