Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella

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Columella, De re rustica in the manuscript Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana , L 85 sup., Fol. 21v (early 9th century)
The Stuttgart Columella version of Heinrich Österreicher
Modern Columella statue in the Plaza de las Flores, Cádiz

Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (* in Gades ; † around 70 AD) was a Roman writer.

Columella lived mostly in Italy and owned an estate near Rome . It is believed that he served in the Roman army and was stationed in Syria and Cilicia .

At the time of Emperor Claudius, Columella wrote a work on agriculture, horticulture and arboriculture in twelve books ( Rei rusticae libri duodecim ); Along with Cato's De agri cultura, it is probably the most important surviving work on agriculture from Roman times. The second book of a work called De arboribus ( About Trees ) has also survived . Overall, this work was probably much smaller than the main work and was probably created earlier.

Lore history

Columella's writings were not widely used in medieval Europe. Are from the 9./10. Century only one manuscript each from Corbie (today St. Petersburg , Russian National Library , Ms. Fv1) and Fulda (today Milan , Biblioteca Ambrosiana Cod. L.85. Sup.).

Petrus de Crescentiis quoted Columella in the 13th century, around 20 codices are known from the 15th century, which go back to a manuscript discovered by Poggio Bracciolini , which has, however, been lost.

Around 1470 Julius Pomponius Laetus wrote a composite manuscript with various texts, including Ovid and Serenus Samonicus , at the beginning of which he put Columellas De re rustica . The codex has been in the library of the British Museum since 1753 .

Francesco di Antonio del Chierico created an elaborately illuminated manuscript for the Biblioteca Aragonese around 1488 , which is now in the University Library of Valencia. In 1491, the Premonstratensian Abbot Heinrich Österreicher († 1505) von Schussenried completed the first German translation, which was intended for Count Eberhard im Bart von Württemberg-Urach and his wife Barbara Gonzaga . It is located in the Württemberg State Library in Stuttgart (Cod. Cam. Et oec. 2 ° 1).

Prints were made in Venice in 1472 by Nicolas Jenson and in 1482 in Reggio nell'Emilia by Bartholomaeus de Bruschis in a collective edition of agricultural writers, which was essentially a reprint of Jenson's edition.

Honors

The plant genus Columellia Ruiz & Pav. From the Columelliaceae family is named after him .

Text editions and translations

  • Columella: De re rustica . 2 volumes, trans. by Heinrich Oesterreicher, ed. by Karl Löffler . Litterar. Association in Stuttgart, Tübingen 1914. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Columella: Twelve Books on Agriculture. Book of a stranger on tree cultivation . Latin-German. 3 vol., Ed. and over. by Will Richter . Artemis-Verl., Munich 1981–1983, with name and word index in Vol. 3 by Rolf Heine .
  • Robert H. Rodgers (Ed.): L. June Moderati Columellae Res rustica. Incerti auctoris Liber de arboribus . Clarendon Press, Oxford 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-957119-2 (Critical Edition) (SCBO)

literature

De re rustica , 1564

Web links

Commons : Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella  - Sources and full texts (Latin)

Remarks

  1. Ms. Sloane 777, fol. 1-9; Catalog page with illustrations.
  2. BH Ms. 54; Homepage ( Memento of the original from January 20, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Europeana Regia; Title page @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.europeanaregia.eu
  3. Information on manuscripts in the manuscript census
  4. ^ Jürgen Glocker: Austrians, Heinrich OPraem. In: Author's Lexicon . Volume VII, Col. 110-113.
  5. ^ Alfredo Cioni:  Bruschi. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 14:  Branchi-Buffetti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1972.
  6. Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .