Ebermannstadt

Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Franconia
County :	Forchheim
Management Community :	Ebermannstadt
Height :	292 m above sea level NHN
Area :	49.96 km 2
Residents:	6978 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	140 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	91320
Primaries :	09194, 09242
License plate :	FO, EBS , PEG
Community key :	09 4 74 121
LOCODE :	DE EBM
City structure:	17 districts
; City administration address :	Franz-Dörrzapf-Strasse 10 ; 91320 Ebermannstadt
Website :	www.ebermannstadt.de
Mayoress :	Christiane Meyer (NLE)
Location of the city of Ebermannstadt in the Forchheim district

Aerial view of Ebermannstadt

Ebermannstadt ( East Franconian : Ärmaschdood ) is a small town in the Upper Franconian district of Forchheim and the seat of the Ebermannstadt administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located in the Free State of Bavaria , around 35 km north of Nuremberg and around 25 km southeast of Bamberg in the Franconian Switzerland - Veldenstein Forest Nature Park , in the Wiesent valley , at an altitude of 292 to 545 m above sea level. NN . Due to its location, the city calls itself “the heart of Franconian Switzerland” and sees itself as the gateway to Franconian Switzerland. Until 1972 Ebermannstadt was the seat of the district of the same name with the license plate EBS.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities are (starting from the north and clockwise):

Eggolsheim , Unterleinleiter , Wiesenttal , Gößweinstein , Pretzfeld , Weilersbach

City structure

The city of Ebermannstadt has 17 districts :

etymology

The name probably originated before the colonization of the Franks in 531. Today Ebermannstadt was the site of Ebermar, a tribal chief. The place name Ebermannstadt was later formed from his name.

history

Ebermannstadt in 1928

Origin and fate of the city up to the 17th century

The village was founded in 531 by the Thuringian tribe , but was only mentioned in a document in 981 as the imperial “villa Ebermarstad”; at that time it belonged to the monastery of St. Peter in Aschaffenburg . 1194 were called "Thimo and Cunradus de Ebermarstatt". In 1200 the Lords of Schluesselberg owned the place. The church was first mentioned in 1308.

King Ludwig the Bavarian granted his loyal lord Konrad II von Schlüsselberg , who expanded Ebermannstadt to Waischenfeld , market and town rights in 1323 . In 1349 the Schlüsselberg property was divided up. In 1390 Ebermannstadt came to the Bamberg Monastery and was thus subordinate to the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg.

During the turmoil of the Hussite Wars , the Hussites burned the city down in 1430. In 1469 the community was raised to an independent parish. A dispute over brewing rights with neighboring Pretzfeld led to the beer war in 1510. Albrecht Dürer stayed in Ebermannstadt in 1515 and created an oil painting of the cityscape. The end of the Second Margrave War in 1552 brought the devastation of Ebermannstadt by the troops of Margrave Albrecht Alcibiades . During the Thirty Years' War the Swedes occupied the place in 1633.

From the 18th century

Around 1750, the school principal Frantz Melchior Freytag wrote the Ebermannstädter Lieder manuscript . During the Seven Years' War Prussian soldiers quartered themselves in the village. During the coalition wars, French troops passing through occupied Ebermannstadt in 1796. As a result of the Bavarian secularization in 1802/1803, triggered by the military successes of Napoléon Bonaparte, Ebermannstadt became part of the Electorate (from 1806 Kingdom) of Bavaria; In 1862 the district of Ebermannstadt was formed, which existed until the regional reform in 1972.

The second half of the 19th century brought technical progress for Ebermannstadt, for example the Forchheim - Ebermannstadt railway line was inaugurated in 1891, a power station in 1903 and the district hospital in 1907. In 1909 a flood devastated the city. The connection to the Bavarian transport network was promoted by further railway lines; from 1915 a line led to Heiligenstadt (until 1960 passenger traffic, closed in 1968), in 1922 the opening of the line via Gasseldorf to Muggendorf was celebrated (later extended to Behringersmühle , discontinued in 1976). In 1922/1923 the city administration decided to build a public water supply network. In 1941 a laboratory for high-frequency technology was set up on Mount Feuerstein west of the city . Feuerstein Castle serves as a Catholic youth center and meeting place.

On April 14, 1945 Ebermannstadt was reached by US Army units. An anti-aircraft battery fought a gun battle with the Americans on the eastern edge of the village, in which 13 German soldiers were killed. On July 18, 1945, the first free, democratic elections in post-war Germany took place in the Wohlmuthshüll district.

Boom after the Second World War

The years of the economic miracle brought Ebermannstadt economic and social upswing; the glider airfield (1952), the secondary school (1954) and the outdoor swimming pool (1965) were opened. The Protestant Church consecrated the Emmaus Church in 1961. The Franconian Switzerland high school has existed since 1973. In 1981 Ebermannstadt celebrated its millennium ; At the same time, the scheduled railway operation on the Wiesent Valley Railway , the oldest museum railway in Franconia, to Behringersmühle was started as a tourist attraction. In August of the same year an inn burned down; eight human lives were to be mourned. The Feuerstein observatory has been open to visitors since 1999 . After the redesign, the market square was opened to the public in 2000, followed by the new town hall in 2005. The district of Moggast won the Bavarian State Prize for Village Renewal in 2006. In the course of the renovation of the old town in 2010, the water wheel on the Wiesent, Ebermannstadt's landmark, was restored. The Feuerstein observatory has been offering explorations on the planetary hiking trail since 2010 .

Incorporations

In 1939, Breitenbach was incorporated. On January 1, 1971, Neuses and Rüssenbach were added. Gasseldorf and Niedermirsberg followed on April 1, 1971. Wohlmuthshüll was incorporated on January 1, 1972. Burggaillereuth and Moggast followed on July 1, 1976. Since May 1, 1978, Eschlipp and parts of the dissolved community of Wohlmannsgesees (Kanndorf) belong to Ebermannstadt. In the same year, the Ebermannstadt administrative community was formed. In 1994 Ebermannstadt was upgraded to a possible middle center .

politics

City council

After the local elections on March 15, 2020, the 20 city council seats are distributed as follows with a turnout of 66.8%:

New list Ebermannstadt (NLE): 5 seats
CSU : 3 seats
FDP / BFE: 3 seats
Free voter community Mühlbachtal (WGM): 2 seats
Free voters / citizens' block: 2 seats
Free voter community Oberland (WGO): 2 seats
Free Community of Voters Gasseldorf (WGG): 1 seats
SPD : 1 seat
Young Citizens (JB) : 1 seat

The mayor is an additional, separately elected member.

Mayoress

Christiane Meyer (NLE) has been mayor since 2014. She was elected on March 30, 2014 with a turnout of 69.9% with 51.7% of the valid votes. Her predecessor was Franz Josef Kraus (CSU), who held the office for 24 years.

coat of arms

	Blazon : “Divided and split above; above in front a golden crowned royal head in blue, behind in red a slanting silver key; below in gold on green ground a black boar striding. "

The coat of arms symbolizes the place name and history. The key in the coat of arms is reminiscent of the Schlüsselbergers , who raised Ebermannstadt to town in 1323. A boar is also shown. The crowned head is a reference to the bestowal of city rights. The coat of arms has been in use since the 14th century.

Town twinning

France France : The town partnership with Chantonnay , Vendée (western France) has existed since April 12, 1970 . A mini-Olympiad takes place every two years and is held alternately in one of the two locations. On April 12, 2005, the 35-year town twinning anniversary was celebrated in Ebermannstadt.

Culture and sights

The southern arm of the Wiesent in winter 2016/2017

Bucket wheel on the Wiesent

The Wiesent river divides in the east in front of the old town and flows around it with two arms. The entire old town is located on a 700 meter long and up to 280 meter wide river island . In the northern arm of the river there are still two functioning water pumping wheels . Water wheels have been documented on the Wiesent since the 16th century. A land map from 1699 shows a picture of the Ebermannstädter Schöpfrad at the Upper Gate. Back then, the scoop water flowed through the town as a small stream from the Upper to the Lower Gate. This watercourse was flanked by four sandstone figures, the town's patrons. The water wheel from 1606 is one of the city's landmarks.

Buildings and technology

Feuerstein Castle, 2011

Lady Chapel
Neo-Romanesque Nikolauskirche
Old Franconian half-timbered houses around the market square and along the main street
Marienbrunnen on the market square ( Osterbrunnen )
Feuerstein Castle, building in the style of Franconian castles, but only built in 1941 with the Lindersberg Boy Scout House
Burgstall Keystone
Wallerwarte, east of the city at 513 m above sea level. NHN standing, listed observation tower from 1931
Upper and lower historical Scheunenviertel
Local museum
observatory
Franconian Switzerland Library
Franconian Switzerland steam train

Regular events

June: Corpus Christi procession, historical market, shop window, Moggast parish fair
August: Old town festival, serenade of lights on the Wiesent, Rüssenbach oven festival
September: Ebermannstadt parish fair, Franconian Switzerland marathon
October: Parish Fair in Breitenbach
December: Advent market

sport and freetime

The city is a state-approved resort with an outdoor swimming pool, a campsite in the Rothenbühl district , a golf course in the Kanndorf district and the Feuerstein Castle airfield .

On weekends, the Franconian Switzerland steam train runs from Ebermannstadt through the Wiesent Valley to Behringersmühle.

Guided sky observation is possible at the Feuerstein observatory on clear nights . Thanks to the dark sky by German standards at the observatory, which is more than 200 m above the surrounding places, and the possible use of all kinds of astronomical instruments, a deep look into our universe is not uncommon.

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

Kennametal Hertel AG
VIERLING Production GmbH
BMI, Bayrische Milchindustrie eG
OES - Optical and Electronic Systems GmbH
IBG Prüfcomputer GmbH
Clinic Franconian Switzerland gGmbH

Breweries

There are two breweries in Ebermannstadt: Schwanenbräu and the city's former communal brewery with a 60 hl brew kettle, which was taken over by a Danish event manager in 2014 and has been producing Bavarian Fest beer since then .

traffic

Ebermannstadt is on federal highway 470 . The Wiesent Valley Railway (operated by Agilis ) also runs from Forchheim to Ebermannstadt. These, as well as bus routes that continue into Franconian Switzerland, are integrated into the tariff area of the Greater Nuremberg Transport Association (VGN). Ebermannstadt can also be reached by plane via the Burg Feuerstein airfield . Several well-developed bike and hiking trails lead through Ebermannstadt.

Public facilities

Franconian Switzerland Tourist Office
Ebermannstadt tourist office
St. Nikolaus City Library

schools

Elementary and middle school
Franconian Switzerland high school
State secondary school
music school
Landvolkshochschule Feuerstein

Kindergartens

Integrative kindergarten
Catholic kindergarten St. Marien
Catholic Kindergarten St. Nicholas
Crèche Zwergenland
Caritas day care center

Personalities

Moses von Ebermannstadt (13th century), author of a Pentateuch in Hebrew handwriting.
Frantz Melchior Freytag (1720–1781), cantor and author of the Ebermannstädter song manuscript .
Friedrich Theiler (1748–1826), sculptor whose work is represented in the area of the Bamberg monastery.
Johann Georg Lahner (1772–1845), born in Gasseldorf , later worked as a master butcher in Vienna and is considered the inventor of the Viennese sausages .
Christian von Kolb (1848–1924), judge and president of the Senate at the Imperial Court
Walter Hofmann (* 1939), politician born in Neuses, member of the Bavarian state parliament from 1982 to 2003.
Michael Müller (* 1953), founder of the Michael Müller publishing house named after him , which is one of the most important German travel book publishers.
Kurt Albert (1954–2010), teacher and photographer, was one of the best climbers in the world. He went on expeditions to the most remote and difficult mountains in the world.
Norbert Hofmann SDB (* 1959), is a religious priest and Catholic diplomat who works as a secretary in the Curia in Rome.
Franz Josef Och (* 1971) is a German computer scientist who researches and works in the USA .