District of Wunsiedel in the Fichtel Mountains
coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ' N , 12 ° 2' E |
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Basic data | |
State : | Bavaria |
Administrative region : | Upper Franconia |
Administrative headquarters : | Wunsiedel |
Area : | 606.43 km 2 |
Residents: | 72,655 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
Population density : | 120 inhabitants per km 2 |
License plate : | WUN, MAK, REH , SEL |
Circle key : | 09 4 79 |
NUTS : | DE24D |
Circle structure: | 17 municipalities |
Address of the district administration: |
Jean-Paul-Strasse 9 95632 Wunsiedel |
Website : | |
District Administrator : | Peter Berek ( CSU ) |
Location of the district of Wunsiedel i.Fichtelgebirge in Bavaria | |
The district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge , officially the district of Wunsiedel i.Fichtelgebirge , is a district in the east of the administrative district of Upper Franconia in Bavaria . The district is a member of the Nuremberg Metropolitan Region .
geography
location
The district has a major share in the Fichtelgebirge , which is shaped like a horseshoe and occupies the north, west and south of the district. In between lies the Selb-Wunsiedler plateau , a flat undulating landscape at an altitude of about 600 meters. In the east of the circle the landscape drops to about 440 meters. The highest elevation of the Fichtelgebirge, the Schneeberg , lies in the west of the district. The largest and longest river in the district is the Eger , which rises in the Fichtel Mountains, then flows through the district in a west-east direction and leaves Germany at Hohenberg in the direction of the Czech Republic .
Neighboring areas
The district borders counterclockwise in the north, beginning with the districts of Hof , Bayreuth and Tirschenreuth . In the east and northeast it borders on the Czech administrative district Karlsbad ( Karlovarský kraj ).
history
Regional courts
Since the 13th century, the area of today's district has belonged mainly to the Principality of Bayreuth or, after 1791, its legal successor, the Kingdom of Prussia . It was divided into the six offices of Hohenberg, Kirchenlamitz, Selb, Thierstein, Weißenstadt and Wunsiedel, which is why it is also known as the Sechsämterland . In 1810 the area was bought by France from Bavaria. In 1812 the regional courts of Wunsiedel and Kirchenlamitz as well as Rehau and Selb were established. The city of Marktredwitz - originally owned by the free imperial city of Eger - also became part of Bavaria in 1816 and was assigned to the Wunsiedel district court. Wunsiedel and the district courts Kirchenlamitz, Rehau and Selb all belonged to the Mainkreis, from 1817 to the Obermainkreis . The Obermainkreis was renamed Upper Franconia in 1838 . In 1859, the new Thiersheim district court was created from twelve communities of the Wunsiedel district court and four communities of the Selb district court .
District Offices
The district office of Wunsiedel was newly formed in 1862 through the merger of the older district courts Kirchenlamitz, Thiersheim and Wunsiedel. Likewise, the district courts of Rehau and Selb were combined to form the Rehau district office. In 1879 the Rehau District Office gave some communities to the Hof District Office. In 1919 the towns of Selb left the district office of Rehau (on July 1) and Marktredwitz from the district office of Wunsiedel (on December 1) and became urban districts .
Counties
On January 1, 1939, as everywhere in the German Reich, the designation district was introduced. So the district offices became Rehau and Wunsiedel.
On April 1, 1939, the municipality of Dörflas near Marktredwitz was given to the city of Marktredwitz.
On April 1, 1940, the cities of Selb and Marktredwitz were incorporated into the districts of Rehau and Wunsiedel, but this was reversed on April 1, 1946 (Selb) and April 1, 1948 (Marktredwitz).
District of Wunsiedel in the Fichtel Mountains
As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , the district of Wunsiedel, the southern part of the district of Rehau and the previously independent cities of Marktredwitz and Selb were combined into a new district, which was initially called the district of Wunsiedel. The new district should actually get the name Fichtelgebirge district. The proposal met with opposition in the Bayreuth district , which also has a significant share in the Fichtelgebirge. On May 1, 1973, the district was given its current name District Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge. The two cities of Marktredwitz and Selb were given the status of a large district town after they lost their district freedom .
Population development
From 1988 to 2018 the population decreased from 86,683 to 73,178 by 13,505 inhabitants or by 15.6%. No other district in Bavaria experienced such a sharp decline in population.
The following figures refer to the territorial status on May 25, 1987.
Population development | ||||||||||||||
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year | 1840 | 1900 | 1939 | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1987 | 1991 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | |
Residents | 44.111 | 58.166 | 78,864 | 109,049 | 106.266 | 103.056 | 87,941 | 89,560 | 89,267 | 86,044 | 81,631 | 76,848 | 73.185 |
politics
District administrators
- 1945–1946: Benno Timper (acting)
- 1946–1951: Heinrich Zeitler
- 1952–1953: Erhard Gräbner
- 1954–1972: Heinrich Drechsel, SPD
- 1972–1990: Christoph Schiller , SPD
- 1990–2008: Peter Seißer, SPD
- 2008–2020: Karl Döhler , CSU
- since 2020: Peter Berek , CSU
Karl Döhler won the district election on March 2, 2008 . This is the first time that the CSU has appointed the district administrator in Wunsiedel since it was founded after the Second World War. The Bundestag member Petra Ernstberger from the SPD was unsuccessful in the election . In the municipal elections in Bavaria in 2014 , Döhler was re-elected as district administrator with 59 percent. The SPD candidate Jörg Nürnberger came to 41 percent.
In the Bavarian local elections on March 15, 2020 , Peter Berek , previous mayor of Bad Alexandersbad , was elected as the new district administrator. He received 53.6 percent, his competitor from the SPD, Holger Griesshammer, 38.3 percent of the vote. The candidate of the Greens, Brigitte Artmann, made up 8.1 percent. The turnout was 61.7 percent.
District council
The district council consists of 50 district councilors and the district administrator. The local elections in 2002, 2008 and 2014 and 2020 resulted in the following allocation of seats:
CSU | SPD | Free voters | GREEN | AfD | total | |
2002 | 28 | 23 | 7th | 2 | - | 60 |
2008 | 25th | 23 | 10 | 2 | - | 60 |
2014 | 25th | 20th | 11 | 4th | - | 60 |
2020 | 19th | 13 | 10 | 4th | 4th | 50 |
coat of arms
Blazon : “Under the shield head quartered by silver and black, split by gold and red; in front a red-tongued black eagle at the crack; behind a silver deer antler. " | |
Reasons for the coat of arms: The three parts of the coat of arms represent the old district of Wunsiedel with the Zollernvierung (above) as well as elements of the coat of arms of the two former independent cities of Marktredwitz (left) and Selb (right). |
Economy and Infrastructure
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge was ranked 354th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with “future risks”. According to the study, it offers the second worst future prospects of all districts in Bavaria.
traffic
rail
The district of Wunsiedel, located in the Sechsämterland on the eastern edge of the Fichtelgebirge, also includes the Marktredwitz train station . This is where the Bavarian State Railways line, which came from Hof from the north in 1877/78 and continued to Wiesau – Weiden in 1882, crossed with the east-west line from Nuremberg to Schirnding, which opened in 1878/79 and reached Eger in 1883.
Before that, north-south traffic between Hof and Wiesau ran via Eger – Waldsassen for more than ten years, after the Hof-Egerer railway began operating in 1865 . In 1894 the city of Selb was opened up via a local railway. The line ran from the Selb-Plößberg station on the Hof – Eger line to the Selb Stadt station. In 1914 the local line was extended via Thiersheim to Holenbrunn on the Hof – Marktredwitz line.
In 1877 the Bavarian State Railways connected the city of Wunsiedel to the main line at Holenbrunn via a local line, and in 1913 the line was extended to Leupoldsdorf. In 1899 the Kirchenlamitz – Weißenstadt local railway line was added. The railway network was exactly 100 kilometers long. Today only 59 kilometers of this are served by passenger trains, 47 kilometers of which are mainly served by the Länderbahn .
After the end of the cross-border passenger traffic Selb-Plößberg - Asch in 1945 further closures took place:
- 1972 Kirchenlamitz Ost – Weißenstadt, twelve kilometers
- 1975 Holenbrunn – Wunsiedel – Leupoldsdorf, eleven kilometers
- 1986 Selb Stadt – Höchstädt – Thierstein – Thiersheim – Holenbrunn, twelve kilometers
After the Wunsiedler city station was closed for passenger traffic, the Holenbrunn station was renamed Wunsiedel-Holenbrunn.
The district's railway junction is the Marktredwitz station , where the Nuremberg – Eger and Hof – Regensburg lines intersect.
The independent cities of Hof and Coburg as well as the districts of Wunsiedel , Kulmbach , Kronach , Coburg and Hof have been planning to join the VGN since 2018 .
Street
The federal motorway 93 runs through the district in a south-north direction from Regensburg to the Hochfranken triangle . In a west-east direction, the federal highway 303 runs through the district to the Czech border near Schirnding.
Public facilities
police
In the Wunsiedel district there is a police station in Wunsiedel and one in Marktredwitz with the police station in Selb, as well as a border police station in Selb.
Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2019)
The former municipality-free areas Hohenberger Forst (13.91 km²) and Selber Forst (17.97 km²) |
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- Former parishes
The following municipalities lost their independence while they belonged to the district:
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1 to 1972 in the district of Rehau
The municipality of Sichersreuth was renamed Alexanderbad in 1937 and the municipality of Grün was renamed Unterröslau in 1963 .
Protected areas
In the administrative district of Wunsiedel there are 13 nature reserves , two landscape protection areas , 13 FFH areas and 54 designated geotopes . (As of August 2016)
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge
- List of landscape protection areas in the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge
- List of FFH areas in the Wunsiedel district
- List of geotopes in the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign WUN when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today. Until the 1990s, vehicles from the town of Marktredwitz received license plates with the letter pairs JA to RZ and the numbers from 1 to 99. The vehicles from the town of Selb got license plates with the letter pairs SC to ZZ and the numbers from 1 to 99 July 10, 2013, in connection with the license plate liberalization , the distinguishing marks MAK (Marktredwitz), REH (Rehau) and SEL (Selb) are also available.
literature
- Upper Franconian Publishing House Hof (ed.): The district of Wunsiedel . 2nd Edition. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner GmbH, Hof (Saale) 1975, DNB 760334978 .
- Josef Maria Ritz, Bernhard Hermann Röttger : District of Wunsiedel and urban district of Marktredwitz (= The art monuments of Bavaria . Upper Franconia 1). R. Oldenburg, Munich 1954, DNB 457322578 .
Web links
- Official website of the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge
- Literature from and about the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge in the catalog of the German National Library
- Entry on the coat of arms of the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge in the database of the House of Bavarian History
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b sheet "Data 2", Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 597 .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 97 .
- ^ District of Wunsiedel: District election of Wunsiedel i. Fichtelgebirge , March 15, 2020, accessed on March 17, 2020.
- ↑ Peggy Biczysko: Declaration of love to the district , in: Frankenpost , March 15, 2020, accessed on March 17, 2020.
- ↑ Entry on the coat of arms of the district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge in the database of the House of Bavarian History , accessed on September 5, 2017 .
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bavarian Police - Border Police Inspection Selb. Retrieved June 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Bavarian Police - Marktredwitz Police Station with Selb Police Station. Retrieved June 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Bavarian Police - Wunsiedel Police Station. Retrieved June 24, 2020 .
- ↑ Upper Franconian Official Gazette of March 26, 2013 ( Memento of the original of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.