Sechsämterland
The Sechsämterland is a historical political division of the Margraviate Brandenburg-Bayreuth . The name goes to the six offices
back. The Sechsämterland is located in the north of Bavaria , in the administrative district of Upper Franconia and almost corresponds to today's district of Wunsiedel in the Fichtel Mountains .
Today's large district town of Marktredwitz occupied a "special position" . This used to be an enclave in the Sechsämterland and belonged to the imperial city of Eger (Czech: Cheb ). It was not until 1816 that the “Amt Redwitz” came to be exchanged with the since then Tyrolean city of Vils to Bavaria and thus to the same sovereign as the Sechsämterland.
In the eastern Sechsämterland, the North Bavarian prevails , the western area is characterized by the East Franconian dialect.
history
The Sechsämterland developed over the course of 130 years through the single-minded acquisition policy of the Hohenzollern, who originally acquired aristocratic lords that belonged to the Egerland and converted them into burgrave districts. Burgrave Friedrich III was through the Merano inheritance . from Nuremberg came into possession of the Bayreuth area and now tried to expand the Zollern territory further east. In 1285 he acquired Wunsiedel, the first area in what would later become the Sechsämterland. Hohenberg an der Eger , Arzberg and Höchstädt in the Fichtelgebirge soon followed . These oldest acquisitions were merged to form the Hohenberg / Wunsiedel office. In 1344, after a long feud, Schönbrunn near Wunsiedel came from the Lords of Hertenberg to the Nuremberg burgraves, which was also incorporated into the Wunsiedel / Hohenberg office. Rudolfstein Castle , which once dominated the area around Weißenstadt , was formerly owned by the Lords of Hirschberg . These appear in close contact with the bailiffs of Plauen and Weida , who were appointed by the dukes of Andechs-Meranien as sub-bailiffs in the Regnitzland . This area around Hof came to the Andechs-Meranier as an imperial fief after the counts of Giengen-Vohburg died out around 1209.
Also Eberhardus de Eckebretsteine , the first verifiable owner of Epprechtsteins whose dominion over Kirchenlamitz and Marktleuthen further east to Oberweißbach extended in Selb, is found in 1248 together with Henricus de Sparneck in the wake of the Duke Otto II. Of Meranien. Around 1333, the Weißenstadt area came to the Waldsassen monastery , which, together with the Rudolfstein, sold it in 1348 to the burgraves Johann II and Albrecht the Beautiful of Nuremberg. The Epprechtstein was stormed as a robbery castle by the burgraves Johann and Albrecht in 1352 and thus came into their possession. The Forster von Selb had got into a feud with the Bohemian King Wenzel and the city of Eger and in 1412/1413 sold their property around Selb to the Burgrave Johann III. from Nuremberg . Finally, in the heart of the Fichtelgebirge high plateau , Thierstein Castle was still located , which, as an imperial fief , was in charge of the Lords of Notthracht . They sold these to Margrave Wilhelm d. Ä. von Meißen , from whose heirs the Thierstein lordship to the burgrave Johann III in 1415. and Friedrich VI. came from Nuremberg. The entire interior of the Fichtelgebirge was in the hands of the Hohenzollern .
In 1437, Margrave Friedrich I of Brandenburg subjected the Principality of Brandenburg-Kulmbach to an administrative reform. His dominion in the Fichtelgebirge was named "Hauptmannschaft vor dem Wald" and was divided into the five administrative offices of Wunsiedel-Hohenberg, Thierstein, Selb, Kirchenlamitz and Weißenstadt. In 1492 the "main team in front of the forest" was first referred to as the "five offices". At first the offices of Wunsiedel and Hohenberg were united; the common bailiff sat at Hohenberg Castle. In 1499 the land book of the six offices was published as the first detailed register of properties, including precise border descriptions. In 1504 the two offices were separated and since then there has been talk of the “six-office land”. After the Federal State War , the offices of Selb and Kirchenlamitz were briefly assigned to the Hof district. Margrave Georg Friedrich restored the old order in 1557. In 1613 the individual offices were withdrawn and placed under a single bailiff who had his seat in Wunsiedel. The area was divided into the nine judicial offices of Wunsiedel, Hohenberg, Arzberg, Weißenstadt, Thierstein, Selb, Kirchenlamitz and Marktleuthen and summarized under the name "City and Six Offices Wunsiedel".
After the last Margrave Karl Alexander abdicated , the region was under Prussian administration from 1791 to 1806 . After four years of French military administration, it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1810 .
Varia
The name of the Sechsämterland lives on in the Sechsämtertropfen , a herbal liqueur from the area .
literature
- Friedrich Wilhelm Singer (arrangement): The land book of the six offices from 1499. Complete text and commentary. District of Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge, Wunsiedel 1987.
