Bayreuth district

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 49 ° 53 '  N , 11 ° 34'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Franconia
Administrative headquarters :	Bayreuth
Area :	1,273.74 km 2
Residents:	103,664 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	81 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	BT, EBS , ESB , KEM , MÜB , PEG
Circle key :	09 4 72
Circle structure:	33 municipalities
Address of the district administration:	Markgrafenallee 5 95448 Bayreuth
Website :	www.landkreis-bayreuth.de
District Administrator :	Florian Wiedemann (Free Voters)
Location of the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria

The district of Bayreuth is located in the southeast of the Bavarian administrative district of Upper Franconia . The independent city of Bayreuth is completely surrounded by the district.

The district was formed in 1972 from the districts of Bayreuth, Pegnitz and areas of four dissolved small districts.

The district is a member of the Nuremberg Metropolitan Region .

geography

location

The district includes Franconian Switzerland in the south and west with numerous caves , including the Teufelshöhle and the Sophienhöhle . In the middle lies the Upper Main hill country , which takes its name from the Red Main . It rises south of Bayreuth and flows in a north-westerly direction to unite with the White Main west of Kulmbach . In the east, the district has a share of the Fichtelgebirge , at the highest point of which, the Schneeberg , the district area reaches up to about 960 meters above sea level.

Neighboring areas

The district borders (clockwise, starting in the northwest) on the districts of Lichtenfels , Kulmbach , Hof , Wunsiedel in the Fichtelgebirge , Tirschenreuth , Neustadt an der Waldnaab , Amberg-Sulzbach , Nürnberger Land , Forchheim and Bamberg .

history

Regional courts

The majority of today's district area was part of the Margraviate Bayreuth until 1806 . This belonged temporarily to France until 1810 and was sold to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1810 .

As early as 1804 , a district court was established in Pottenstein , which had belonged to the Bamberg monastery until 1802 . In 1812 the district court districts of Bayreuth , Pegnitz and Weidenberg followed . The seat of the Pegnitz district court was in Schnabelwaid until 1842 . Bayreuth had already become a city in the immediate vicinity of a district in 1812 . The district court districts and Bayreuth initially belonged to the Obermainkreis , from 1838 to Upper Franconia .

District Offices

The district office of Bayreuth was formed in 1862 through the merger of the regional courts of the older order of Bayreuth and Weidenberg. Likewise, the district courts of the older order Pegnitz and Pottenstein were combined to form the Pegnitz district office .

On October 1, 1929, the communities of Bärnreuth, Berneck , Bischofsgrün , Brandholz, Escherlich , Gefrees , Goldkronach , Goldmühl , Leisau, Lützenreuth , Metzlersreuth , Nemmersdorf, Neudorf, Rimlas and Wülfersreuth of the disbanded Berneck district office were incorporated into the Bayreuth district office. Gefrees, Lützenreuth and Metzlersreuth moved from these communities to the Münchberg district office on July 1, 1931 .

Counties

On January 1, 1939, as everywhere in the German Reich, the designation district was introduced. So the district offices became the districts of Bayreuth and Pegnitz.

On April 1, 1939, the city of Bayreuth received the municipalities of Sankt Johannis , Colmdorf and Meyernberg of the district. On January 1, 1972, the district ceded the municipalities of Oberkonnersreuth and Laineck to the city of Bayreuth.

Bayreuth district

During the regional reform in Bavaria on July 1, 1972, the district of Bayreuth (with the exception of the municipalities of Laineck and Oberkonnersreuth , which came to the city of Bayreuth), most of the district of Pegnitz and parts of the district of Münchberg (area of ​​today's city of Gefrees in the northeast ), Ebermannstadt (communities Aufseß and Plankenfels in the west), Kulmbach (Bad Berneck area in the north), Eschenbach in the Upper Palatinate (district Penzenreuth of the city of Pegnitz in the south) and Kemnath ( Mehlmeisel , Wirbenz, Haidenaab, Guttenthau and Plössen, districts of the community Speicherersdorf and the location Speichersdorf itself in the east) formed the new district of Bayreuth. Bayreuth itself remained independent and the seat of the enlarged district.

On July 1, 1976, the district ceded the communities of Aichig, Oberpreuschwitz , Seulbitz and Thiergarten , and on May 1, 1978 Wolfsbach to the city of Bayreuth.

Population development

Population development in the Bayreuth district since 1840

From 1988 to 2008 the district of Bayreuth grew by approx. 9,400 inhabitants or by almost ten percent. However, from 2004 onwards, after a peak of over 109,000 inhabitants, the trend declined. In the period from 1988 to 2018, the district grew from 97,519 to 103,656 by 6,137 inhabitants or 6.3%. A peak was reached on December 31, 2003 with 109,404 inhabitants.

The following figures refer to the territorial status on May 25, 1987.

Population development

year	1840	1900	1939	1950	1961	1970	1987	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	70,548	68.035	71,380	101.092	92,733	97.104	96,772	102,976	107,499	109,124	108,724	106.102	104.306

Economy and Transport

In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district of Bayreuth was ranked 276 out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.

traffic

train

The district capital of Upper Franconia received the first rail connection in 1853 by the Neuenmarkt-Bayreuth Railway to the Ludwig-Süd-Nord-Bahn , opened in 1848 , which only touched the district area at the former Falls station.

Exactly ten years later, on December 1, 1863, the Bayerische Ostbahnen AG reached Bayreuth from Weiden. In 1877 the route of the Bavarian State Railways from Nuremberg via Schnabelwaid to Bayreuth was added, from which the main line to Marktredwitz has branched off in Schnabelwaid since 1878 , which in turn crosses the Ostbahn in Kirchenlaibach .

The local railways built around the turn of the century were also operated by the Bavarian State Railways.

The routes were created in the Fichtelgebirge:

• 1890: Neusorg – Brand – Unterlind – Fichtelberg
• 1896/97: Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg-Bad Berneck-Bischofsgrün
• 1896: Bayreuth Hbf – Weidenberg – Warmensteinach
• 1902: Falls-Gefrees

From Bayreuth to Franconian Switzerland the routes:

• 1904: Bayreuth Hbf – Bayreuth-Altstadt – Mistelgau – Hollfeld
• 1909: Bayreuth-Altstadt-Thurnau-Kulmbach

Originally, lines of 214 km in length were used for passenger transport. All local railway lines have now been closed, but since January 2007 trains have been running again on the Bayreuth Hbf – Weidenberg section of the line to Warmensteinach. This leaves only 149 km for passenger transport.

The following routes have been closed:

• 1973 Falls – Gefrees (five kilometers) and Thurnau – Altenplos – Bayreuth-Altstadt (21 km)
• 1974 Bad Berneck – Bischofsgrün (10 km) and Bayreuth Hbf – Mistelgau – Hollfeld (33 km)
• 1976 Neusorg – Brand – Unterlind – Fichtelberg (14 km)
• 1993 Lanzendorf – Bad Berneck (4 km)
• 2006 (Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg–) Schlömen – Lanzendorf (4 km)

Street

The district runs through the federal highway 9 in north-south direction with the triangle Bayreuth / Kulmbach ( federal highway 70 ) on the district border and the exits 40b Bindlacher Berg , 43 Trockau , 44 Pegnitz, 45 Weidensee and 46 Plech; in between are exits 41 and 42 in the area of ​​the independent city of Bayreuth.

→ Main article : List of district roads in the Bayreuth district

politics

District administrators

• 1946–1952 Claus Pittroff , SPD; with interruption 1947–1948
• 1952–1978 Josef Kohut, CSU
• 1978–2008 Klaus-Günter Dietel, CSU
• 2008–2020 Hermann Huebner , CSU
• since May 1, 2020 Florian Wiedemann , FWG

District council

The district council consists of 60 members:

District election	2014	2008	2002
CSU	20th	22nd	25th
SPD	12	12	14th
Greens and Independent	5	4th	3
Free community of voters in the Bayreuth district	11	11	9
Boy list	5	5	4th
Electoral community of Bayreuth	6th	5	4th
FDP	1	1	-
Party free	-	-	1

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In the head of the shield there are awakening of white and blue, which points to Bavaria, underneath in silver a gold-armored red eagle with golden clover sticks on the wings."
	Justification of the coat of arms: This is the Brandenburg eagle, a reference to the former Hohenzollern Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth.

Communities

(Population figures on December 31, 2019)

Cities Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains (4,336) Betzenstein (2,443) Creußen (4,992) Gefrees (4,295) Goldkronach (3,469) Hollfeld (5,050) Pegnitz (13,263) Pottenstein (5,171) Waischenfeld (3,066) Markets Plech (1,352) Beaked woad (968) Weidenberg (5,799) Unregulated areas Bischofsgrüner Forest (27.00 km²) Fichtelberg (20.89 km²) Forst Neustädtlein am Forst (7.55 km²) Glashüttener Forest (4.77 km²) Heinersreuther Forst (7.61 km²) Neubauer Forst-Nord (5.66 km²) Prüll (2.22 km²) Veldenstein Forest (55.59 km²) Waidacher Forest (6.42 km²) Warmensteinacher Forest North (0.32 km²)

Other communities Maple Valley (2,192) Aufseß (1,291) Bindlach (7,355) Bischofsgrün (1,815) Eckersdorf (5,092) Emtmannsberg (1,049) Fichtelberg (1,793) Gesees (1,259) Glassworks (1,394) Hague (954) Heinersreuth (3,783) Hummeltal (2,337) Church ping garden (1,280) Flour Chisel (1,321) Mistelbach (1,571) Mistelgau (3,848) Plankenfels (860) Prebitz (990) Seybothenreuth (1,266) Speicherersdorf (5,823) Warmensteinach (2,187) Administrative communities Betzenstein (town of Betzenstein and Markt Plech) Creußen (City of Creußen, Markt Schnabelwaid, municipalities of Haag and Prebitz) Hollfeld (City of Hollfeld, communities Aufseß and Plankenfels) Mistelbach (communities Gesees, Hummeltal and Mistelbach) Mistelgau (communities Glashütten and Mistelgau) Weidenberg (Markt Weidenberg, communities Emtmannsberg, Kirchenpingarten and Seybothenreuth)

Municipalities of the district before the territorial reform 1971/78

Before the regional reform, the Bayreuth district had 83 municipalities (see list below; municipalities that still exist today are highlighted in bold ):

Former parish	today's parish	today's district
Aichig	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Altdrossenfeld	Neudrossenfeld	District of Kulmbach
Altenplos	Heinersreuth	Bayreuth district
Bärnreuth	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
Benk	Bindlach	Bayreuth district
Berneck i. Fichtel Mountains	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
Bindlach	Bindlach	Bayreuth district
Birk	Emtmannsberg	Bayreuth district
Bischofsgrün	Bischofsgrün	Bayreuth district
Firewood	Goldkronach	Bayreuth district
Busbach	Eckersdorf	Bayreuth district
Colmdorf 1	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Cottenbach	Heinersreuth	Bayreuth district
Creez	Hummeltal	Bayreuth district
Crottendorf	Bindlach	Bayreuth district
Döhlau	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Donndorf	Eckersdorf	Bayreuth district
Dressendorf	Goldkronach	Bayreuth district
Eckersdorf	Eckersdorf	Bayreuth district
Emtmannsberg	Emtmannsberg	Bayreuth district
Ash trees	Eckersdorf	Bayreuth district
Escherish	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
Euben	Bindlach	Bayreuth district
Fichtelberg	Fichtelberg	Bayreuth district
Fischbach	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Forkendorf	Gesees	Bayreuth district
Frankenhaag	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Gesees	Gesees	Bayreuth district
Glassworks	Glassworks	Bayreuth district
Goldkronach	Goldkronach	Bayreuth district
Gold mill	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
Gorschnitz	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Hague	Hague	Bayreuth district
Hauendorf	Emtmannsberg	Bayreuth district
Heinersreuth	Heinersreuth	Bayreuth district
Hinterkleebach	Hummeltal	Bayreuth district
Kirchenlaibach	Speicherersdorf	Bayreuth district
Church ping garden	Church ping garden	Bayreuth district
Laineck	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Lankendorf	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Fiefdom	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Leisau	Goldkronach	Bayreuth district
Lessau	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Lienlas	Church ping garden	Bayreuth district
Mengersdorf	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Mengersreuth	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Meyernberg 1	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Mistelbach	Mistelbach	Bayreuth district
Mistelgau	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Nairitz	Speicherersdorf	Bayreuth district
Nemmersdorf	Goldkronach	Bayreuth district
Neudorf	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
Neunkirchen am Main	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Oberkonnersreuth	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Obernschreez 1	Hague	Bayreuth district
Obernsee	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Oberpreuschwitz	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Oberwaiz	Eckersdorf	Bayreuth district
Oberwarmensteinach	Warmensteinach	Bayreuth district
Pettendorf	Hummeltal	Bayreuth district
Pittersdorf	Hummeltal	Bayreuth district
Plop	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Ramsenthal	Bindlach	Bayreuth district
Rice glass	Church ping garden	Bayreuth district
Rimlas	Bad Berneck in the Fichtel Mountains	Bayreuth district
St. Johannis 1	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Schamelsberg	Emtmannsberg	Bayreuth district
Schreez 2	Hague	Bayreuth district
Seitenbach	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Seulbitz	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Seybothenreuth	Seybothenreuth	Bayreuth district
Sophienthal	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Thiergarten	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Tressau	Church ping garden	Bayreuth district
Truppach	Mistelgau	Bayreuth district
Sub-threshold 1	Hague	Bayreuth district
Untereinach	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Unterwaiz	Heinersreuth	Bayreuth district
Warmensteinach	Warmensteinach	Bayreuth district
Willow Hill	Willow Hill	Bayreuth district
Windischenlaibach	Speicherersdorf	Bayreuth district
Wolfsbach	Bayreuth	Independent city of Bayreuth
Wülfersreuth	Bischofsgrün	Bayreuth district

¹ to March 31, 1939
² from April 1, 1939

Attractions

The district of Bayreuth includes u. a. the following sights:

	Aufseß Castle	Aufseß community
	Fantaisie Castle	Eckersdorf municipality
	Freienfels Castle	City of Hollfeld
	Old town of Hollfeld	City of Hollfeld
	Wiesentfels Castle	City of Hollfeld
	Pegnitz	City of Pegnitz
	Burg Pottenstein	City of Pottenstein
	Devil's Cave near Pottenstein	City of Pottenstein
	Franconian Switzerland Museum in Tüchersfeld	City of Pottenstein
	Waischenfeld Castle	Waischenfeld community

Protected areas

In the district of Bayreuth there are 14 nature reserves , 12 landscape protection areas , 15 protected landscape components , 249 natural monuments , 25 FFH areas and 198 geotopes designated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (as of September 2016).

See also:

• List of nature reserves in the Bayreuth district
• List of landscape protection areas in the Bayreuth district
• List of protected landscape components in the Bayreuth district
• List of natural monuments in the Bayreuth district
• List of FFH areas in the Bayreuth district
• List of geotopes in the Bayreuth district

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing mark BT when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today. Since July 10, 2013, the license plate liberalization means that the earlier distinctive signs EBS (Ebermannstadt), ESB (Eschenbach in der Oberpfalz), KEM (Kemnath), MÜB (Münchberg) and PEG (Pegnitz) are available again.

literature

• August Gebeßler : City and district of Bayreuth (=  Bavarian art monuments . Volume 6 ). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1959, DNB  451450914 .
• District of Bayreuth, Regional Development Agency (ed.): Culture atlas of the district of Bayreuth . Bayreuth 1999, ISBN 3-9806507-2-3
• Bayreuth district (ed.): Fritz Angerer, Richard Zühlcke: The phenomenon of window aprons . Jewelry forms on farmhouses in the Bayreuth district, Bayreuth 1995
• Bayreuth district (Ed.): Rüdiger Bauriedel: Mills in the Bayreuth district - yesterday and today . Bayreuth 2002, ISBN 3-925361-31-6
• Bayreuth district (ed.): Rüdiger Bauriedel, Ruprecht Konrad-Röder: Medieval fortifications and low-nobility mansions in the Bayreuth district . Bayreuth 2007, ISBN 978-3-925361-63-0
• Richard Winkler: Bayreuth - City and Altlandkreis (=  Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Franconia . I, 30). Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-7696-9696-4 .

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Bayreuth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature from and about the Bayreuth district in the catalog of the German National Library
• Entry on the coat of arms of the district of Bayreuth  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Bayreuth district: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Rainer Trübsbach: History of the City of Bayreuth 1194-1994 , Druckhaus Bayreuth 1993, ISBN 3-922808-35-2 , p. 152 ff.
3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 431 .
4. ^ Announcement on the dissolution of the Berneck District Office from September 21, 1929
5. ^ City history Gefrees on fichtelgebirge.Bayern-online.de
6. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 97 .
7. ↑ Kurt Herterich: In the east of Bayreuth , ISBN 3-925361-42-1 , p. 177
8. ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ^ Robert Zintl: The Thurnauer Bockela . Baumann, Kulmbach 1986, ISBN 3-922091-15-6 , p. 29 .
10. ↑ Dirk Götschmann: Half a Century of Bavarian Parliamentarism 1946-2003. Reflected in the keynote speeches of the state parliament presidents, University of Würzburg 2012, p. 106. Accessed December 7, 2012 (PDF; 1.9 MB)
11. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics: Election to the district council in 472 Bayreuth , accessed on May 22, 2018
12. ↑ Entry on the coat of arms of the Bayreuth district  in the database of the House of Bavarian History , accessed on September 4, 2017 .
13. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
14. ↑ City and district of Bayreuth ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.