Miesbach district

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Miesbach district Map of Germany, position of the Miesbach district highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 44 '  N , 11 ° 49'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
Administrative headquarters : Miesbach
Area : 866.23 km 2
Residents: 100,010 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 115 inhabitants per km 2
License plate : MB
Circle key : 09 1 82
NUTS : DE21F
Circle structure: 17 municipalities
Address of the
district administration: 		Rosenheimer Strasse 3
83714 Miesbach
Website : www.landkreis-miesbach.de
District Administrator : Olaf von Löwis ( CSU )
Location of the Miesbach district in Bavaria
Weiden in der Oberpfalz Straubing Würzburg Schwabach Schweinfurt Regensburg Rosenheim Nürnberg Nürnberg Passau Landshut Memmingen Kaufbeuren Kempten (Allgäu) Ingolstadt Fürth Hof Erlangen Coburg Bayreuth Bamberg Augsburg München Aschaffenburg Amberg Ansbach Landkreis Würzburg Landkreis Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Landkreis Weilheim-Schongau Landkreis Unterallgäu Landkreis Traunstein Landkreis Tirschenreuth Landkreis Straubing-Bogen Landkreis Starnberg Landkreis Schweinfurt Landkreis Schwandorf Landkreis Rottal-Inn Landkreis Roth Landkreis Rosenheim Landkreis Rhön-Grabfeld Landkreis Regensburg Landkreis Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm Landkreis Regen Landkreis Passau Landkreis Ostallgäu Landkreis Oberallgäu Landkreis Nürnberger Land Landkreis Neu-Ulm Landkreis Neustadt an der Waldnaab Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Landkreis Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz Landkreis Neuburg-Schrobenhausen Landkreis München Landkreis Mühldorf am Inn Landkreis Miltenberg Landkreis Miesbach Landkreis Main-Spessart Landkreis Lindau (Bodensee) Landkreis Lichtenfels Landkreis Landshut Landkreis Landsberg am Lech Landkreis Kulmbach Landkreis Kronach Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Kelheim Landkreis Hof Landkreis Haßberge Landkreis Günzburg Landkreis Garmisch-Partenkirchen Landkreis Fürth Landkreis Fürstenfeldbruck Landkreis Freyung-Grafenau Landkreis Freising Landkreis Forchheim Landkreis Erlangen-Höchstadt Landkreis Erding Landkreis Eichstätt Landkreis Ebersberg Landkreis Donau-Ries Landkreis Dingolfing-Landau Landkreis Dillingen an der Donau Landkreis Deggendorf Landkreis Dachau Landkreis Coburg Landkreis Cham Landkreis Berchtesgadener Land Landkreis Bayreuth Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Landkreis Bad Kissingen Landkreis Augsburg Landkreis Aschaffenburg Landkreis Ansbach Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach Landkreis Altötting Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg Bodensee Schweiz Österreich Baden-Württemberg Hessen Tschechien Sachsen Thüringenmap
About this picture
The Tegernsee from the north
Wilparting with the Mangfall Mountains
Schliersee with Schliersberg
District Office in Miesbach

The district of Miesbach ( Bavarian dialect: Miaschboch ) is located in the south of the Bavarian administrative district of Upper Bavaria . Together with Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen , Garmisch-Partenkirchen and Weilheim-Schongau , it forms the Bavarian Oberland . With just over 100,000 inhabitants, the district is one of the smaller in Upper Bavaria, but is well known far beyond the state's borders for its beautiful landscape and the associated tourist attractions, such as the Tegernsee , the Schliersee or the peaks of the Mangfall Mountains . Within Bavaria , the district is designated as an independent tourism region “Alpenregion Tegernsee Schliersee” (→ see also section: Tourism ).

If you look at the real estate market, the Miesbach district is one of the five most expensive districts in Germany .

geography

location

The district in the Bavarian Oberland includes both alpine and pre-alpine terrain. It is delimited in the south-east to the north by a stepped terrain (200 m above sea level difference) that separates the uplands from the so-called lowlands . In the north and west, on the other hand, the transition to the neighboring districts is less noticeable in terms of landscape. In the south, the main chain of the Bavarian Prealps forms the border with Tyrol. The largest lakes are the Tegernsee , Schliersee , Seehamer See and Spitzingsee . The district area is divided by the three valleys of the Mangfall , the Schlierach and the Leitzach as well as the area around Holzkirchen and Otterfing, which is part of the Munich gravel plain .

mountains

The highest mountain is the Rotwand with 1884 m, the most famous the Wendelstein with 1838 m.

mountain Height above NN Mountains
1 Rotwand 1884 m Mangfall Mountains
2 Hochmiesing 1883 m Mangfall Mountains
3 Dürrmiesing 1863 m Mangfall Mountains
4th Halserspitz 1862 m Mangfall Mountains

Neighboring areas

The district borders clockwise in the west, starting with the districts of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen , Munich and Rosenheim . In the south it borders on the Tyrolean districts of Kufstein and Schwaz in Austria .

history

The Miesbach consists of the historical territories of the former Free Imperial County Hohenwaldeck , from parts of the former Abbey of Tegernsee , in the area of the monastery Weyarn and the County of Valley and the former District Court for trout belonging Leitzachtales together.

Regional courts

The basis was the Miesbach Regional Court , founded in 1803 , which took the place of the judicial district of the Hohenwaldeck County . In 1818 the regional court of the same name was created from the Tegernsee court. Both regional courts belonged to the Isar district , which was renamed Upper Bavaria in 1838 . The Aibling district court was also established in that year. For this purpose, the Miesbach regional court had to hand over twelve municipalities.

District Office

The Miesbach district office was formed in 1862 through the merger of the Miesbach and Tegernsee regional courts .

district

On January 1, 1939, the designation district was introduced as everywhere else in the German Reich . This is how the district office became the Miesbach district.

As part of the regional reform , the district of Miesbach was changed only slightly on July 1, 1972, namely the community Otterfing of the dissolved district of Wolfratshausen was assigned to the district of Miesbach.

Population development

The district of Miesbach gained almost 13,000 inhabitants between 1988 and 2008 or grew by around 15%. Between 1988 and 2018 the district grew from 82,499 to 99,726 by 17,227 inhabitants or 20.9%.

The following figures refer to the territorial status on May 25, 1987.

Population development
year 1840 1900 1939 1950 1961 1970 1987 1991 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Residents 18,752 33,799 48.014 76,626 70,420 73.142 80,840 87.284 88,640 91,654 94,970 95,641 98.286 100.010

politics

District judge

  • 1803–1806: Franz Xaver Steyrer
  • 1806–1813: Max von Preysing
  • 1813–1846: Joseph Wiesend
  • 1846–1848: Wolfgang Knorr
  • 1848-1851: Alois Schmid
  • 1851–1862 / 1874: Carl Bollweg

District officials

  • 1851 / 1862–1874: Carl Bollweg
  • 1874–1888: Ludwig Mayr
  • 1888–1890: Uhl
  • 1890–1911: Carl Riezler
  • 1911–1929: Bernhard de Rudder
  • 1929–1938 / 1943: Hermann Kopp

District administrators

  • 1929 / 1939–1943: Hermann Kopp
  • 1943–1944: Kemnitzer
  • 1944–1945: Hans Frick
  • May 10, 1945–1. August 1945: by Wehner
  • August 1, 1945–10. May 1946: Schindler
  • May 11, 1946-27. May 1946: Friedrich Roith
  • May 28, 1946-11. June 1946: Baron von Schoen
  • June 11, 1946-25. September 1946: Friedrich Roith
  • September 26, 1946-31. May 1948: Sweet
  • June 5, 1948-14. December 1948: Meissner
  • 1949–1951: Simon Beck
  • 1952–1955: Anton Bauer
  • 1955–1972: Walter Königsdorfer
  • 1972–1987: Wolfgang Gröbl
  • 1987-2008: Norbert Kerkel
  • 2008–2014: Jakob Kreidl
  • 2014–2020: Wolfgang Rzehak
  • since 2020: Olaf von Löwis

District council

The past local elections led to the following allocation of seats in the district council :

District election 2020
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
36.09%
16.63%
8.37%
19.30%
4.54%
2.77%
8.62%
2.85%
0.83%
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
+0.69  % p
-10.57  % p.p.
-6.63  % p
+ 4.5  % p.p.
+ 0.14  % p
-0.53  % p
+ 8.62  % p.p.
+ 2.85  % p
+ 0.83  % p.p.
Distribution of seats in the district council from 2020
        
A total of 60 seats
Party / list 2002 2008 2014 2020
CSU 29 28 21st 22nd
GREEN 04th 06th 09 11
FWG 14th 15th 16 10
SPD 12 09 09 5
FW - - - 5
BP - - 03 3
FDP 01 02 02 2
ÖDP - - - 2
total 60 60 60 60

District partnerships

There are partnerships with the Borough of Tewkesbury in England, the district of Zwickauer Land in Saxony and the district authority of Schwaz in Tyrol.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In silver above a mutilated, gold-armored, red falcon with outstretched wings over two diagonally crossed red bars , below over blue water waves two green sea ​​leaves crossed with the stems ."

The approval of the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior for the adoption and use of a coat of arms was given by resolution of September 15, 1955 . The suggestion to use the historical landmarks of Hohenwaldeck and Tegernsee for the design of the coat of arms came from the district committee and district council .

Meaning of the coat of arms: The mangled red falcon over two diagonally crossed bars is the symbol for Hohenwaldeck. The Waldeckers come from the Bavarian nobility of the Faganen, who had their seat in today's Vagen in the Mangfall valley. It is the old coat of arms of the Waldecker family. The falcon is the heraldic symbol of the old knight dynasty of the Neuburg-Falkensteiner, whose new castle at Vagen was called "Falkenstein". The crossed sticks can refer to the jurisdiction , but also to the activities of the Waldeckers during the clearing of the area around the Schliersee in the 12th / 13th centuries. Century point. The so-called sea leaves crossed with the stems over waves are the oldest known monastery coat of arms of Tegernsee . The coat of arms relates to the name and location of the monastery on the lake .

flag

Flag of the Miesbach district

Description: Green and white stand for the colors of the Tegernsee Monastery. The colors silver (or white) and red stand for the noble family of Waldecker. This goes back to the fact that the western district was the area of ​​the Tegernsee monastery and the eastern district belonged to the Hohenwaldeck County , which was independent until 1806.

The flag has been the official flag of the district of Miesbach since October 23, 2011 and is to be hoisted at official events and meetings.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

The income tax power per inhabitant was 325 euros in 2004 (national average 216). The purchasing power per inhabitant in 2005 was 9,366 euros (national average 8,523). In July 2020, unemployment in the district was 3.0% and thus significantly below the national average.

In 2014, the total number of employees subject to social security contributions was 32,130, with the manufacturing industry being the most important branch of industry with 10,403 employees. In the regional distribution of jobs, the north of the district stands out in particular. In Holzkirchen alone, around 25% of employees subject to social insurance contributions work (7,943 in 2016).

tourism

Another economic focus of the district is tourism , mainly on Tegernsee and to a lesser extent on Schliersee. The district has 2.7 million overnight stays and around 7 million day visitors per year (as of 2015). Together, the guests make a turnover of 435 million euros in gastronomy, hotel and retail. Overnight guests spend an average of 121 euros per day.

The district of Miesbach is designated as an independent tourism region in Bavaria as the “Alpenregion Tegernsee Schliersee”, which is advertised with its own website, among other things.

traffic

Guided tour of the A 8 at Seehamer See

Street

Important for the traffic in the district of Miesbach are on the one hand commuters to Munich and on the other hand the excursion traffic into the mountains. The three junctions of Holzkirchen, Weyarn and Irschenberg on federal motorway 8 Munich – Salzburg are located in the Miesbach district .

railroad

In 1857 that opened the Royal Bavarian State Railways as part of the Bavarian Maximilian's Railway , the railway line from Munich via Holzkirchen to Rosenheim . In Holzkirchen built by the "Miesenbacher coal union" 1861-chain Holzkirchen Miesenbacher rail from which in 1869 by the Bavarian web to Schliersee was extended and 1911 to Bayrischzell. The second state railway line in the foothills of the Alps led from Holzkirchen to Bad Tölz from 1874 and from 1924 on to Lenggries. The branch line of the Tegernsee Railway to Gmund began in Schaftlach in 1883 and was extended to Tegernsee in 1902 . Since 1998, like the routes to Bayrischzell and Lenggries, the Bayerische Oberlandbahn has operated it continuously from and to Munich .

Regional bus

The regional traffic Upper Bavaria operates a number of bus routes , some of which also connect across borders with locations in Austria.

Tegernsee shipping

The Bayerische Seenschifffahrt offers excursions on the Tegernsee .

Motor vehicle inventory

In May 2013, 58,300 cars and around 7,000 motorcycles were registered in the Miesbach district . At 615 cars per 1000 inhabitants, the degree of motorization is well above the national average of 517. Especially in rural communities without a direct rail connection, the number of cars is sometimes over 650 per 1000 inhabitants. With a share of 19.6%, the Miesbach district also has the highest density of all-wheel drive cars in Germany.

Communities

(Residents on December 31, 2019)

Cities

  1. Miesbach (11,471)
  2. Tegernsee (3682)

Markets

  1. Holzkirchen (16,640)
  2. Schliersee (6933)

No administrative communities

Other communities

  1. Bad Wiessee (5095)
  2. Bayrischzell (1595)
  3. Fischbachau (5631)
  4. Gmund am Tegernsee (6114)
  5. Hausham (8452)
  6. Irschenberg (3204)
  7. Kreuth (3608)
  8. Otterfing (4831)
  9. Rottach-Egern (5803)
  10. Valley (3378)
  11. Waakirchen (5809)
  12. Warngau (3867)
  13. Weyarn (3897)
Österreich Landkreis Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen Landkreis Ebersberg Landkreis München Rosenheim Landkreis Rosenheim Bad Wiessee Bayrischzell Fischbachau Gmund am Tegernsee Hausham Holzkirchen (Oberbayern) Irschenberg Kreuth Miesbach Otterfing Rottach-Egern Schliersee (Gemeinde) Tegernsee (Stadt) Valley Waakirchen Warngau Weyarn
Location of the municipality on the right in the Miesbach district (clickable map)

Municipalities of the district before the territorial reform 1971/78

Until the territorial reform in 1971/78, the Miesbach district had 29 municipalities (see list below).

Municipalities before the regional reform in 1972/1978

In the south, the district bordered the Austrian state of Tyrol . In the west, the district bordered on the Bad Tölz district , in the northwest on the Wolfratshausen district , in the north and northeast on the Bad Aibling district and in the east on the Rosenheim district .

The municipalities of the Miesbach district before the municipal reform in 1971/78. (Churches that still exist today are in bold .)

former parish today's parish today's district
Bad Wiessee Bad Wiessee Miesbach district
Bayrischzell Bayrischzell
Durnbach Gmund am Tegernsee
Fischbachau Fischbachau
Foching Wooden churches
Gmund am Tegernsee (was called Ostin until 1922) Gmund am Tegernsee
Gotzing Weyarn
Hard penning Wooden churches
Hausham (was called Agatharied until 1922) Hausham
Holzkirchen (market) Wooden churches
Holzolling Weyarn
Hundham Fischbachau
Irschenberg Irschenberg
Kreuth Kreuth
Miesbach (city) Miesbach
Niklasreuth Irschenberg
Parsberg Miesbach
Reichersdorf Irschenberg
Rottach-Egern (was called Rottach until 1951 ) Rottach-Egern
Shaft laugh Waakirchen
Schliersee (market) Schliersee
Tegernsee (city) Tegernsee
Valley Valley
Waakirchen Waakirchen
Wall Warngau
Warngau Warngau
Wattersdorf Weyarn
Wies Miesbach
Woernsmuehl Fischbachau

Protected areas

The district has eleven landscape protection areas , nine FFH areas and at least 22 geotopes designated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment (as of April 2016).

See also

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing mark MB when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today.

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Miesbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics : Tourism regions in Bavaria Status: January 1, 2017, online at statistik.bayern.de
  3. ↑ Miesbach, Dachau, North Friesland: Condominiums are becoming more and more expensive here. In: www.handelsblatt.com. Retrieved June 30, 2016 .
  4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 522 .
  5. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 97 .
  6. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of Bavaria into rural districts and independent cities of December 27, 1971
  7. ↑ Local election 2020: CSU recaptured the Miesbach district. March 30, 2020, accessed March 31, 2020 .
  8. ^ Miesbach district - result of the 2020 district council election , accessed on March 27, 2020
  9. ↑ Unemployment rates of the Miesbach district statistics from the Federal Employment Agency
  10. ↑ Facts & Figures - SMG Location Marketing Gesellschaft Landkreis Miesbach mbH. Retrieved September 19, 2017 .
  11. ↑ Facts & Figures | Markt Holzkirchen - We are right. Retrieved September 19, 2017 .
  12. ^ Tegernsee voice: Economic factor tourism , August 10, 2016
  13. ^ Website of the "Alpenregion Tegernsee Schliersee" , set up by the Alpenregion Tegernsee Schliersee municipal company , online at tegernsee-schliersee.de
  14. ↑ Sebastian Grauvogl: A district on the move . In: Holzkirchner Merkur (local part) . No. 162/2013 , July 16, 2013, p. 4 (Statistics in the cited article sometimes not evaluated correctly.).
  15. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  16. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Miesbach district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  17. ↑ BayernViewer of the Bavarian Surveying Administration (accessed on July 26, 2010)