Bavarian Maximiliansbahn

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Bavarian Maximiliansbahn
Route of the Bavarian Maximiliansbahn

Route of the Bavarian Maximiliansbahn

The Bavarian Maximiliansbahn was built by the Royal Bavarian State Railway as an east-west connection between the Württemberg state border near Neu-Ulm in the west via Augsburg , Munich and Rosenheim to the Austrian border near Kufstein and Salzburg in the east. Part of the route is by the Augsburg Munich Railway Company built and opened in 1840 Munich-Augsburg Railway .

It was named after the Bavarian King Maximilian II, who ruled from 1848 to 1864 .

history

Railway bridge over the Danube between Ulm and Neu-Ulm around 1855

Very late, only around 1851, Bavaria decided to build an east-west railway connection between the German states and Italy via the Brennerbahn and to Salzburg in the direction of Vienna and Semmering . It was hoped that the route would be well utilized thanks to the connection to the Austrian Adriatic port of Trieste . Corresponding international treaties were concluded with the Kingdom of Württemberg and with the Austrian government on April 25, 1850 and 1851, respectively. The existing Augsburg – Munich line , which the formerly private Munich-Augsburg Railway Company, nationalized in 1846, opened in 1840 was included in the new line . After the nationalization of 1846 was the Rosenau mountain in Augsburg new main railway station built and in Oberhausen were new railway lines created and connected, the old railway stations on the Red Gate and in Oberhausen were abandoned.

The route started at the Württemberg-Bavarian border in the middle of the newly built Danube bridge between Ulm and Neu-Ulm and led over 85 kilometers to Augsburg. Württemberg established the connection to the Ulm train station . In Ulm, the Eastern Railway from Stuttgart and the Southern Railway to Friedrichshafen followed.

From Munich, the 106-kilometer route ran via Großhesselohe and Rosenheim to Kufstein and the Austrian Lower Inn Valley Railway . The Salzburg line branched off in Rosenheim and led 83 km in length via Traunstein to the border near Salzburg.

Track construction

The Bavarian law of May 4, 1851 initiated the construction of the western section of the route. The 83.7-kilometer route was opened in four sections:

date section length
May 1, 1854 Middle Danube bridge Ulm– Neu-Ulm 1.3 km
September 26, 1853 Neu-Ulm– Burgau 38.1 km
May 1, 1854 Burgau– Dinkelscherben 17.9 km
September 26, 1853 Spelled shards - Augsburg 26.4 km

The construction of the eastern section of the route was regulated by the Bavarian law of May 7, 1852. The 188-kilometer route was opened in five sections:

date section length
June 24, 1854 Munich - Großhesselohe 10.7 km
October 31, 1857 Großhesselohe - Rosenheim 62.9 km
August 5, 1858 Rosenheim border near Kufstein 31.9 km 1
May 7, 1860 Rosenheim– Traunstein 53.3 km
August 1, 1860 Traunstein border near Salzburg 29.5 km 2
1Connection to the Lower Inn Valley Railway . It was possible to continue to Innsbruck from November 24, 1858.
2Connection to the Kaiserin-Elisabeth-Bahn

The three-year break before continuing the route from Großhesselohe to Rosenheim is due to the complex construction of the large 300-meter-long Großhesselohe bridge over the Isar. The three 30 meter high pillars made the bridge the second highest railway bridge in the world at the time. The foundation work began as early as 1852. The heavy traffic on this first section led to the construction of a second track by 1862. From 1871, however, this part of the Maximiliansbahn lost long-distance traffic after the opening of the shorter route via Grafing .

The line between Augsburg and Ulm was expanded to double tracks by 1892. As part of the electrification between Stuttgart and Augsburg by May 1933, line improvements were also made over a length of 55 km. The line between Dinkelscherben and München-Pasing is now partially equipped with a line train control and approved for speeds of up to 200 km / h. There are also separate tracks for the S-Bahn between Mammendorf and Munich .

Planned new line

The first Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan in 1973 contained one of seven planned new railway lines between Stuttgart and Munich via Ulm and Augsburg.

The railway lines today

The western route Ulm – Augsburg – Munich

The eastern routes Munich – Kufstein / Salzburg

The routes leading to the south and east are now operated by the Bayerische Oberlandbahn from Munich to Holzkirchen as KBS 955/956 , from Meridian from Holzkirchen to Rosenheim as KBS 958 ( Mangfall Valley Railway ) and on to Kufstein as KBS 950 and to Salzburg as KBS 951 .

literature

  • Siegfried Bufe: Main line Munich – Salzburg . Bufe-Fachbuch-Verlag Egglham 1995. ISBN 3-922138-57-8
  • German Reichsbahn: The German railways in their development 1835–1935 . Berlin 1935.
  • Wolfgang Foit (ed.): When the railroad came to our homeland. The history of the Maximiliansbahn Munich – Holzkirchen – Rosenheim . Holzkirchen 2007.
  • Armin Franzke and David Hruza: 150 years of the railway in the Mangfall valley . PB Service GmbH Munich 2007. ISBN 3-9809568-6-5
  • Wolfgang Klee, Ludwig v. Welser: Bayern Report . Volumes 1–5, Fürstenfeldbruck 1993–1995.
  • Bernhard Ücker: 150 years of the railway in Bavaria . Fürstenfeldbruck 1985.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Horst-Werner Dumjahn: Handbook of the German Railway Lines: Opening dates 1835-1935, line lengths, concessions, ownership structure . Dumjahn, Mainz 1984, ISBN 3-921426-29-4 .
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Klee: Bavarian Railway History - Part 1: 1835–1875, Bayern Report 1, Hermann Merker Verlag, Fürstenfeldbruck 1994
  3. ↑ Horst Ritthaler, Christian-F. Reinke: Completion of the Dinkelscherben – Augsburg expansion section . In: Deutsche Bahn . No. 4, 1993, pp. 335-337.
  4. ^ Rüdiger Block: On New Paths. The new lines of the Deutsche Bundesbahn . In: Eisenbahn-Kurier Special: High-speed traffic . No. 21, 1991, excluding ISSN, pp. 30-35.