District of Zwickauer Land
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Coordinates: 50 ° 44 ' N , 12 ° 23' E |
| Basic data (as of 2008) | |
| Existing period: | 1994-2008 |
| State : | Saxony |
| Administrative region : | Chemnitz |
| Administrative headquarters : | Werdau |
| Area : | 511.03 km 2 |
| Residents: | 125,675 (Dec 31, 2007) |
| Population density : | 246 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | Z |
| Circle key : | 14 1 93 |
| Circle structure: | 17 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Königswalder Strasse 18 08412 Werdau |
| District Administrator : | Christian Otto ( CDU ) |
| Location of the district of Zwickauer Land in Saxony | |
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The district of Zwickauer Land was a district in the southwest of the Free State of Saxony . Neighboring districts were the Thuringian district of Altenburger Land in the north, the district of Chemnitzer Land in the northeast, the district of Stollberg in the east, the district of Aue-Schwarzenberg in the south, the Vogtland district in the southwest and the Thuringian district of Greiz in the west . The independent city of Zwickau was almost completely surrounded by the Zwickauer Land district. The zwickauer land is with effect from 1 August 2008 in the district of Zwickau risen.
geography
The district of Zwickauer Land was located in the southwest of the Saxon Free State. To the southwest lay the Vogtland , to the south and southwest the Ore Mountains . The district area was traversed by the Zwickauer Mulde and the Pleiße .
A dense network of paths opened up the hilly region, in which meadows and fields alternate with wooded rains and small forests.
economy
The region is traditionally characterized by mining , vehicle construction, the textile industry , tool and machine construction . The district thus had a wide-ranging workforce thanks to more than 100 years of industrial development. In addition to large companies such as VW Sachsen and GKN (in Zwickau-Mosel), Buderus, Saxas, it was mainly medium-sized companies that shaped the economic strength of the region. In the district was tourism developed by him led the Silver route . The district was a member of the Chemnitz-Zwickau economic region .
traffic
The district was cut through by the motorways 4 and 72 and the federal highways 93 , 173 and 175 . There was a train connection to Dresden and Nuremberg from Zwickau main station . There were also direct connections to Hof , Plauen , Chemnitz , Aue , Johanngeorgenstadt , Kraslice , Altenburg , Leipzig , Gera and Göttingen . Local transport was maintained by the Westsachsen regional transport company, a company in the Central Saxony transport association .
The nearest regional airport was Leipzig-Altenburg Airport , where u. a. Ryanair flew to London Stansted .
history
The regional administration in Saxony got a new structure in 1835. The four district directorates of Dresden , Leipzig , Bautzen and Zwickau took the place of the district chiefs . The governors in Zwickau, Chemnitz , Wolkenstein , Plauen and the Schönburg recess rulers belonged to the Zwickau district administration . The authorities in Zwickau, Kirchberg , Werdau , Schwarzenberg and Eibenstock were subordinate to the governor of Zwickau, and the offices of Hartenstein , Lichtenstein , Stein , Waldenburg and Glauchau were subordinate to that of the Schönburg recession .
With the establishment of new judicial and administrative offices - the court offices - in 1856 an important step in the direction of "modern administration" was taken. The old division of offices in their confusion could thus be overcome.
In 1873 the judiciary and administration were separated; the court offices were only responsible for the judiciary, while the newly formed administrative authorities took over the administrative tasks. As direct organs of the Saxon state government, four district chiefs were set up instead of the old district directorates. The Zwickau district main team consisted of the district authorities Annaberg, Auerbach / Vogtl., Chemnitz, Flöha , Marienberg, Oelsnitz / Erzgeb., Plauen, Schwarzenberg and Zwickau.
In 1878 the Saxon state took over the judiciary and administrative sovereignty in the Schönburg recess rulers and formed the Glauchau administration. A main office in Werdau was created in 1919, which became an independent office in 1920, but fell back to Zwickau in 1933.
The municipal constitution of 1946 and the Saxon constitution of 1947 restored democratic conditions in the state of Saxony as they had existed before the start of the Hitler dictatorship.
The administrative reform of 1952 liquidated the state of Saxony. At the same time, the district was divided into the Werdau and Zwickau-Land districts . Part of the district area also went to the new Reichenbach district . In contrast, the Mülsengrund was removed from the Glauchau district and added to the Zwickau-Land district.
As part of the turnaround came on 9 November 1989 to the fall of the Berlin Wall . With the elections to the Saxon state parliament on October 14, 1990, Saxony was re-established after 38 years.
After reunification , the districts of Zwickau and Werdau were able to establish partnership relationships with the Hessian district of Darmstadt-Dieburg , the Bavarian district of Kulmbach and later the district of Miesbach .
Local elections were held on May 6, 1990. At the constituent meeting of the district council, Christian Otto was elected district administrator. In the Werdau district, the citizens elected Georg Hamburger to the district administrator.
With the district reform on August 1, 1994, the district of Zwickauer Land with the district seat in Werdau was created from the previous districts of Zwickau and Werdau and from the two communities of Dennheritz and Schlunzig, which had previously belonged to the district of Glauchau . At that time, it encircled the independent city of Zwickau like a collar. With the completion of the municipal reform on January 1, 1999, the district changed its geographical face once again. The places Cainsdorf, Mosel, Oberrothenbach and Schlunzig were incorporated into the city of Zwickau. Legal actions were unsuccessful. In the previous years, the places Crossen , Schneppendorf and Hartmannsdorf had joined Zwickau on a voluntary basis. The so-called collar circle was broken. The city of Zwickau now bordered directly on the Chemnitzer Land district in its northern area .
The district of Zwickauer Land was merged into the new district of Zwickau with effect from August 1, 2008 .
Buildings
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The district possessed a rich archaeological and architectural heritage from centuries of settlement history.
Particularly characteristic were the elongated forest hoof villages that had spread in the side valleys of the rivers. The three and four-sided courtyards, closed like a castle, gave them a distinctive character. The large number of early German ramparts was unique in their density in the Free State. Building tools from almost all stylistic epochs were to be found. Half-timbered houses were also present in the district in typical regional construction. The villages and small towns still had largely unadulterated marketplaces and centers and occasionally showed traces of the High Middle Ages.
Unique sacred interior decorations in many churches, mostly located in the town centers, are evidence of high culture. Altars and altar parts by Peter Breuer for example in Culitzsch , Mülsen St. Jacob and Thurm, Hartmannsdorf, Härtensdorf, Stangengrün, Weißbach, the Silbermann organ in Fraureuth or the Schlunziger Baroque organ by JJ Donati the Elder. Ä. attracted visitors from far away. The Cistercian nunnery in Crimmitschau / Frankenhausen was also known. Villas in various architectural styles, half-timbered houses, castles and palaces contained interesting stories from the past.
Almost all castles, palaces and manors were preserved in the Zwickauer Land. Important witnesses were the blankenhain castle that housed a museum, castle Leubnitz , Castle Schweinsburg , Wiesenburg Castle , Castle Wildenfels , castle Schönfels and the stone castle . Steinpleis Castle was built in 1858 in the English Tudor Gothic style. Lauterbach Castle in Neukirchen / Pleiße was built in 1884 in the neo-renaissance style as the manor of the Lauterbach manor. In the years 1907 to 1909, the interior underwent its largest and at the same time most significant redesign by Henry van de Velde , who raised the castle from the class of historicist mansions to the rank of a nationally remarkable cultural monument.
The most visited castle was Blankenhain Castle, which serves as an agricultural and open-air museum - a complex that is unique in Saxony. The manor Blankenhain burned down in 1661. It was rebuilt by 1700 and modernized in 1784. Finally, the beautiful complex showed itself with its characteristic mansard roofs and baroque tower domes on the two angular renaissance towers. The manor was saved from demolition in 1975 and has been an agricultural museum since 1981 with many valuable tools from the rural economy and the past.
The " Silberstraße ", now known as the holiday route , began in Zwickau, and in its course to Dresden there were testimonies of mining from its prime to its decline.
The art of architecture and technical progress were also reflected in the bridges built at different times. The railway bridges and viaducts on the Leipzig-Hof and Werdau-Zwickau routes were built between 1843 and 1851 and were mainly built as brick structures with arched structures made from local bricks from the Leubnitzer and Werdau brickworks. The Leubnitzer, Steinpleiser and Römertaler Viaducts are called "little sisters" of the famous Göltzschtalbrücke near Netzschkau. These bridges are admirable evidence of technical development in the 19th century. The road and motorway bridges wrote their own chapter. The motorway bridge at Wilkau-Haßlau spanned the Muldental at a height of 45 meters over a length of 700 meters.
With the expansion of the A 72 , the structure was given a new superstructure, which connects the shoulders of the valley with one another on the slim, 60-year-old pillars, visible from afar. With the expansion of remote connection from Frankfurt to Dresden for six-lane A 4 of the construction of the bridge was completed over the Pleißental in Crimmitschau Frankenhausen in the 1990s.
cities and communes
(Population figures as of December 31, 2006)
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License Plate
On August 1, 1994, the district was assigned the WDA , which has been valid since January 1, 1991 for the Werdau district. This was replaced on January 1, 1995 by the new distinctive sign Z , which is still issued in the Zwickau district to this day.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.statistik.sachsen.de/wpr_alt/pkg_w04_ver.prc_ver?p_bz_bzid=KT04&p_ebene=LK&p_ort=14193
- ↑ a b c StBA: Changes in the districts and municipalities in Germany, see 1994, 1999 and 2008
Annaberg | Aue-Schwarzenberg | Bautzen | Chemnitz | Chemnitz Land | Delitzsch | Chub | Dresden | Freiberg | Goerlitz | Hoyerswerda | Kamenz | Leipzig | Leipziger Land | Löbau-Zittau | Meissen | Middle Erzgebirgskreis | Mittweida | Muldentalkreis | Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District | Plauen | Riesa-Großenhain | Saxon Switzerland | Stollberg | Torgau-Oschatz | Vogtlandkreis | Weißeritzkreis | Zwickau | Zwickau country