Steinpleis
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Steinpleis
Major district town of Werdau
Coordinates: 50 ° 42 ′ 50 ″ N , 12 ° 23 ′ 48 ″ E
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| Height : | 288 m | |
| Area : | 10.06 km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 | |
| Postal code : | 08412 | |
| Area code : | 03761 | |
Location of Steinpleis in Saxony |
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Steinpleis is a district of the large district town of Werdau in the district of Zwickau , Free State of Saxony . It was incorporated into Werdau on January 1, 1996.
geography
location
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Steinpleis is located southeast between Werdau in the west and Zwickau in the east. The place is located in the valley of the Pleiße and in the area natural monument "Römertal", a river meadow landscape with rare plant and bird biotopes. Steinpleis includes the Sorge settlements in the northern corridor and Weißenbrunn in the south-eastern corridor. Both settlements emerged from a manor .
Neighboring places
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| Werdau | Königswalde | Marienthal |
| Ruppertsgrün |
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fire |
| Gospersgrün | Thanhof | Light fir |
history
12th to 18th centuries
Steinpleis was mentioned for the first time in a document from the Werherd Aegidien Church in 1318 as "villa Steinplissen". The first settlers were Franconian settlers from the vicinity of Bayreuth and Erlangen in the 13th century . A moated castle formed the center of the village , as can be seen from a document from the year 1416 of the Schönfels castle rule (cf. Schönfels Castle ). The place name probably has the Slavic root * plis [ n ] a 'wetland'.
Steinpleis was mentioned as a mansion as early as 1350, which consisted of a moated castle mentioned in 1416 . Steinpleis was devastated during the Hussite Wars in 1430. In the 15th century several noble estates are mentioned in Steinpleis. These were
- the manor Untersteinpleis (today's Steinpleis Castle, address: Am Schloß),
- the manor Niedersteinpleis (address: Freistraße 5),
- the manor Obersteinpleis, and
- the Weißenbrunn manor (address: Weißenbrunn 1) combined with the manor Obersteinpleis (address: Hauptstraße 102),
which was bought on March 16, 1675 by Hans Caspar von Schönfels (* Thossfell on October 12, 1646, + Weissenbrunn on February 16, 1679) from the heirs of Wolf Ernst von Winkelmann. In 1686 Weissenbrunn was robbed by 15 robbers and the inmates mistreated. On April 26, 1709, Weissenbrunn was sold by Johann Christian von Schönfels, lieutenant from the Electorate of Saxony, because "Weissenbrunn was completely ruined" (Source: Joachim von Schönfels: Familienchronik v. Schönfels. (= German Family Archives . Volume 78), Degener & Co. , 1981) in the Weißenbrunn settlement southeast of Steinpleis. The aristocratic estate Sorge (address: Sorge) also existed in the northern corridor. In 1470 Martin Römer acquired the existing manors in the village. The von Römer family shaped the local history for 400 years .
The Reformation in 1529 made Steinpleis an independent Protestant parish. Steinpleis lost over 300 inhabitants in 1633 due to the plague that was brought in during the Thirty Years' War . In 1644, when Steinpleis belonged to the Electorate of Saxony , the church burned down in the village. The church was rebuilt as early as 1647. During the Seven Years' War , 1,600 Prussian soldiers were quartered in Steinpleis.
19th century
Up until the 19th century, Steinpleis (also spelled Steinpleiss ) was a purely farming village, which at the beginning of the 19th century was characterized as a "weaver village" with a wool spinning mill, but also commercially. In 1837 a census showed 1160 inhabitants for the village. In 1839 feudal jurisdiction ended and the place became an independent rural community. The industrialization brought great changes in Steinpleis. In 1840, the Gasthof Zum Römer , which still exists today, was built . The volunteer fire brigade was also mentioned for the first time in this year . Critical to the industrialization of the town was around 1845 the railway which has improved the traffic situation and enabled the settlement of the first industrial companies. The Römertalbrücke on the Dresden – Werdau railway line , a railway bridge made of Saxon brick , which was inaugurated in 1845 as an arched bridge and technical monument , is a testimony to this time . In 1857/58 the Untersteinpleis Castle, which still exists today, was built on the site of the former medieval moated castle . It is built in the English Tudor Gothic style with a tower and battlements and initially belonged to the von Römer family. At the time of the GDR it was a branch of the VEG Neumark and Mastprüfanstalt (state research facility ). Until 1856 Steinpleis belonged to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Zwickau . In 1856 Steinpleis was affiliated to the Werdau court office and in 1875 to the Zwickau administration .
20th century to the present
In 1918 the era of the Kingdom of Saxony ended . The First World War killed 137 people and in the Second World War 229 people were killed. There were also 457 prisoners of war and 72 missing. In 1920 Steinpleis was assigned to the Werdau administration . With the dissolution of the Werdau administration, the Steinpleis community came back to the Zwickau administration in 1933, which was called the Zwickau district from 1939 onwards. On January 27, 1945, the body of a concentration camp prisoner was found in the Steinpleiser corridor . This came from one of the death marches of the Auschwitz concentration camp (including satellite camps), which were "cleared" shortly before the liberation . The deceased was buried in the Steinpleis cemetery.
On April 16, 1945 Steinpleis was liberated by troops of the 3rd US Army , which, however, had to surrender the place to the Soviet occupation zone after the Potsdam Conference . The US Army then withdrew its forces from West Saxony to Bavaria . Land reform began in Germany in September 1945 , as a result of which the von Römer family lost their property in favor of numerous new farmers . Since 1949 the place belonged to the GDR . 1952 is divided Steinpleis within the circle reforms in the GDR the district Werdau in the district Karl-Marx-Stadt on. At the same time the first LPG ( Agricultural Production Cooperative ) was founded and in 1970 there was a merger of the LPGs from Steinpleis, Leubnitz , Ruppertsgrün and Gospersgrün . On October 4, 1989, the triangle arch around Steinpleis achieved a certain fame. A deployment of the State Security and the People's Police of the GDR prevented GDR citizens wishing to leave from jumping on the trains with embassy refugees coming from the Prague embassy to Hof in the FRG . The brutal use resulted in injuries and property damage.
After the reunification of Germany , Steinpleis initially belonged to the Werdau district , which was opened up in the Zwickauer Land district in 1994 and in the newly founded Zwickau district in 2008. The place grew mainly through the construction of the industrial area Pleißen-Center into a medium-sized commercial and industrial center. On January 1, 1996 Steinpleis was incorporated into Werdau. The Steinpleis Castle has been in the possession of the von Römer family again since 2015 .
traffic
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The Steinpleis stop is on the Leipzig – Zwickau railway line . It is served by the Central German S-Bahn . The Werdau Bogendreieck junction is located near Steinpleis , where the line joins the Leipzig – Hof railway line .
Culture and sights
- Village church from 1647
- Steinpleis Castle and former manor house, Freistr. 5
- Steinpleis Viaduct , 126 m long arch bridge , built in 1843/1845
- Römertal Viaduct, 225 m long arch bridge , built in 1843/1845
- Steinpleis watermill
- Tanzcafé Zum Römer , built as an inn in 1840
literature
- The district of Werdau. Interesting facts from the past and present . 1st edition. Geiger, Horb am Neckar 1994. ISBN 3-89264-886-7
- Siegfried Baltzer: Steinpleis parish: 1529-1929 . 1929
Web links
- Steinpleis in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Weißenbrunn in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
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↑ like the Pleiße and Pleißa near Chemnitz;
Ernst Eichler: Contributions to the research of old Sorbian tribal and crook names. 1. pagus "Plisni" and the river name "Pleisse". In: Contributions to Name Research 7 (1956), pp. 21–26;
see also Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta: Namenforschung / Name Studies / Les noms propres. Volume 1 (= Volume 11 of Hand Bücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationwissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science HSK), Walter de Gruyter, 1995, ISBN 978-311020342-4 , Chapter 45, 1.1., P. 318, col. 2 and P. 332, col. 2 ( limited preview in Google Book search). - ↑ The Untersteinpleis manor at www.sachsens-schlösser.de
- ↑ The Niedersteinpleis manor at www.sachsens-schlösser.de
- ↑ The manor Obersteinpleis on www.sachsens-schlösser.de
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ The Weißenbrunn manor at www.sachsens-schlösser.de
- ↑ The concern concern on wikisource.org
- ↑ Victor Metzner: "Weeds", a fatal childhood disease. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 417-422; here: p. 417.
- ^ Albert Schiffner: Description of Saxony and the Ernestine, Reuss and Schwarzburg lands. Stuttgart 1840 (reprint 1981), p. 323.
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 64 f.
- ↑ The Zwickau administrative authority in the municipal register 1900
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. City and district of Zwickau. (Administrative structure in the Zwickau area around 1939; online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Jens Müller: One name is now known. In: Free Press. June 19, 2013, archived from the original on November 5, 2013 ; Retrieved July 5, 2013 .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
