Zwickau Office
The office of Zwickau was a territorial administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony in the Erzgebirge district .
Until the end of the Saxon constitution of offices in 1856, it was the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes .
Geographical expansion
The Zwickau office was mostly in the north and west of the former Zwickauer Land district . The core area of the office comprised a narrow strip on the Zwickauer Mulde from Planitz via Zwickau to today's district of Mosel . To the west of this stretched the area of the offices of Schönfels, Werdau and Crimmitschau from the source of the Pleiße near Ebersbrunn to the town of Crimmitschau . To the west of the office was the Wer Duration Forest . In Thuringia today there are four places in the north of the office ( Altenburger Land district ) and three places in the west of the office ( Greiz district ).
The dominion of Wildenfels was for the most part in the Wildenfelser Zwischengebirge east of the Zwickauer Mulde. The exclaves of the Zwickau office were located south and east of the office in the adjacent Western Ore Mountains and north of Chemnitz an der Chemnitz .
The exclaves of the Ziegenhierdschen Ländchen that came to office after 1832 were located west of the office in the area of the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg and the Principality of Reuss younger line (today's Thuringian district of Greiz or area of the city of Gera ).
Adjacent administrative units
| Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg | Lordship of Glauchau | |
| Office Weida Principality of Reuss older line |
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Lordship of Lichtenstein |
| Office Plauen (Vogtland) | Office Wiesenburg | Reign of Wildenfels |
history
Originally the region around Zwickau, the Gau Czwigkow inhabited by Slavs, was the southernmost part of the Pleißenland . Around 1170, Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa founded the city of Zwickau . To protect the area, Osterstein Castle was built in Zwickau, which was first mentioned in 1292. Since 1143 the Zwickau region has belonged to the Margraviate of Meißen . Initially there were four offices in the region: the Zwickau office on a narrow strip on the Zwickauer Mulde , the Schönburg care Crimmitschau until 1413 and the Russian office Schönfels founded in 1397 , from which the Werdau office was split off in 1435 . Some places in the region were donated to the Grünhain monastery and remained in its possession until its secularization in 1533. These were Crossen , Königswalde near Werdau , Hartmannsdorf near Werdau , Marienthal , Bockwa , Oberhohndorf , Reinsdorf (partially) , Lauenhain , Gersdorf near Crimmitschau , Schedewitz and Weißenborn .
Since the partition of Leipzig in 1485, these four offices, which were limited by the Schönburg rulers in the east, belonged to the Ernestine line of the Wettins. It was not until the defeat of the Ernestines in the Schmalkaldic War in 1547 that they came into possession of the Albertines . The Reformation gained a foothold in the area very early. In 1520 Thomas Müntzer preached in Zwickau, who came to the city on the recommendation of Martin Luther . As early as 1523 the first Zwickau pastor confessed to the Lutheran Reformation. In 1525 there were peasant uprisings in the Zwickau area .
In the 16th century, the offices of Schönfels, Werdau and Crimmitschau were merged with the Zwickau office. After being given to the nobles von der Planitz in 1405, the neighboring Wiesenburg rulership was linked to the Zwickau office. In 1591 this came to the council of the city of Zwickau, before it was re-established in 1618 as an independent electoral office of Wiesenburg .
The rule Wildenfels was for recognition of the sovereignty of the Albertine elector of Saxony by the House of Solms-Wildenfels in 1706 as Standesherrschaft Wildenfels assigned administrative office Zwickau.
Between 1830 and 1856 the Zwickau u. a. the following territorial changes:
- 1832: Reclassification of the southern places of the Zwickau office and the exclaves in the Western Ore Mountains and near Chemnitz into the adjacent offices of Kirchberg and Schwarzenberg , Stollberg and Chemnitz (Wittgensdorf)
- 1832: The enclaves of the Ziegenhierdschen Ländchen near Gera in the Principality of Reuss younger line from the Borna office
- 1835: Administrative affiliation of the Schönburg regional rule Remse with the basic rule Tirschheim and Ziegelheim
- 1845: through the swap of territory between the Kingdom of Saxony and the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, the three exclave towns of Stöcken , Walddorf and Wolframsdorf (Waldhäuser) were incorporated (until 1815 it belonged to the Electoral Saxon office of Weida and then to the Saxon-Weimar-Eisenach district of Neustädter Kreis )
In 1856 the Zwickau office was divided into several court offices. The Amtshauptmannschaft Zwickau , which emerged in the Kingdom of Saxony after the administrative reform in 1874, consisted largely of the area of the Zwickau District (court districts Crimmitschau, Werdau, Wildenfels and Zwickau). The places of the former court office in Remse, on the other hand, were handed over to the newly established Glauchau administration in 1878 .
Associated places
| place | current location | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| City of Zwickau | City of Zwickau | with the Osterstein Castle and all of its current districts, except Oberrothenbach (without Helmsdorf), Schlunzig and Jüdenhain |
| Niederplanitz , Oberplanitz , Wendisch- Rottmannsdorf | City of Zwickau (southwestern districts) | Hüttelsgrün was only created around 1900, Neuplanitz in 1978 |
| Schedewitz , Cainsdorf , Bockwa | City of Zwickau (southern districts) | |
| Oberhohndorf , Pöhlau (Zwickau part), Eckersbach , Auerbach | City of Zwickau (eastern districts) | Pöhlau ( Wildenfelser part) belongs to the municipality of Reinsdorf today |
| Schneppendorf , Crossen , Moselle (Zwickau part) | City of Zwickau (northeastern districts) | The Moselle (Schönburg part), Schlunzig and Jüdenhain belonged to the Schönburg-Glauchau dominion |
| Hartmannsdorf , Helmsdorf , Niederhohndorf | City of Zwickau (northern districts) | Oberrothenbach belonged to the Schönburg-Glauchau dominion |
| Pölbitz , Weißenborn with the deserted Rappendorf , Marienthal | City of Zwickau (western and north-western districts) | Brand only started in the 19th century |
| Reinsdorf (Zwickau part) | Community Reinsdorf | small part |
| Dennheritz (Zwickau part) and Niederschindmaas (Zeitzer part) | community Dennheritz | Niederschindmaas (Zeitzer part) belonged to the Zwickau office after 1815 |
| Seiferitz, Waldsachsen (Saxon share) (both only proportionally) | City of Meerane | |
| City of Crimmitschau | City of Crimmitschau | Mannichswalde with Rußdorf (Altenburger part), Großpillingsdorf and Kleinpillingsdorf belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg |
| Leitelshain, Wahlen, Gablenz , Rudelswalde | City of Crimmitschau | |
| Blankenhain , Rußdorf, Langenreinsdorf | City of Crimmitschau | |
| Frankenhausen , Gösau, Gosel (Saxon part), Mark Sahnau desert | City of Crimmitschau | |
| Lauenhain , Gersdorf, Harthau | City of Crimmitschau | |
| Langenbernsdorf , Trünzig , Stöcken (Trünzig share) | Community Langenbernsdorf | Stöcken was created around 1700 |
| Niederalbertsdorf , Oberalbertsdorf , Kleinrußdorf | Community Langenbernsdorf | |
| Stöcken (Weidaer part), Walddorf, Wolframsdorf (Wolframsdorfer Waldhäuser) | Community Langenbernsdorf | Until 1816 they belonged to the Weida Office as an exclave , then to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach . Came from the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach to the Kingdom of Saxony in 1845 through an exchange of territory . |
| Sorge , Neudeck (Saxon share) | Community Mohlsdorf-Teichwolframsdorf (Thuringia) | belonged to Langenbernsdorf at that time |
| Neukirchen / Pleiße , Schiedel, Culten , Schweinsburg , Kleinhessen with Bosenhof, Naundorf, Carthauser | Municipality Neukirchen / Pleiße | |
| Dänkritz , Lauterbach with Nichzenhain | Municipality Neukirchen / Pleiße | Nichzenhain was built in the 16th century. |
| City of Werdau | City of Werdau | |
| Königswalde , Steinpleis , Langenhessen , Leubnitz | City of Werdau |
the Leubnitzer Waldsiedlung was not built until after 1945 |
| Beiersdorf , Gospersgrün , Ruppertsgrün , Römersgrün | Community Fraureuth | Fraureuth itself then belonged to the Principality of Reuss older line |
| Lichtentanne, Ebersbrunn, Schönfels , Altrottmannsdorf, Stenn, Thanhof | Municipality Lichtentanne | with Schönfels Castle |
| Neumark (with Oberneumark and Untereumark with Erlmühle), Reuth, Schönbach | Community Neumark (Vogtland) | are today in the Vogtlandkreis |
| Captain Green | Community Heinsdorfergrund | is today in the Vogtlandkreis |
| Voigtsgrün , Niedercrinitz (Zwickau part) | Community Hirschfeld | Niedercrinitz belonged to the Kirchberg office from 1832 |
| Obercrinitz (without Herlagrün ) (exclave), Lauterhofen (Zwickau part, exclave), Lauterholz (Zwickau part, exclave) | community Crinitzberg | from 1832 all belonged to the Kirchberg office |
| Stangengrün (exclave), Cunersdorf (Zwickau part), Saupersdorf (Zwickau part, exclave) | City of Kirchberg | Cunersdorf and Saupersdorf belonged to the Kirchberg office from 1832 |
| Wilkau, Silberstraße (exclave), Culitzsch (Zwickau part) | City of Wilkau-Haßlau | After 1832 Culitzsch belonged to the Kirchberg office |
| Precipitation (exclave) | Bad Schlema municipality | Separated from the lower county of Hartenstein in 1173 as the property of the little monastery cell ; from 1691 council village of the mountain town of Schneeberg, from 1832 to the office of Kirchberg |
| Auerhammer , Neudörfel (exclaves) | City of Aue | both places emerged after 1550; belonged from 1832 to the district office Schwarzenberg and Amt Kirchberg |
| Niederwürschnitz (exclave) | community Niederwürschnitz | from 1832 to the Stollberg office |
| Oberwürschnitz (exclave) | City of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. | from 1832 to the Stollberg office |
| Neuwiese (exclave) | City of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. | Created around 1700, from 1832 to the Stollberg Office |
| Lugau (exclave) | City of Lugau | originally belonged to the county of Hartenstein , from 1832 to the Stollberg district, town since 1924 |
| Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. (electoral portion) (exclave) | City of Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. | from 1832 to the Stollberg office; City since 1924 |
| Wittgensdorf (exclave) | City of Chemnitz | from 1832 to the office of Chemnitz |
| Murschnitz (exclave) | City of Chemnitz | from 1816 to the office of Penig , from 1832 to the office of Chemnitz |
| place | current location | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Ober- and Niedergrünberg | Ponitz parish | are now in the Altenburger Land district |
| Heyersdorf | Community Heyersdorf | is now in the Altenburger Land district |
| Thonhausen (Saxon part) | Thonhausen community | is now in the Altenburger Land district |
| Seelingstädt , Chursdorf and Zwirtzschen | Community Seelingstädt | are now in the district of Greiz |
literature
- Leo Bönhoff : The original extent of the county of Hartenstein . In: New archive for Saxon history . tape 27 , 1906, pp. 209-278 .
- Leo Bönhoff : The oldest offices of the Mark Meissen . In: New Archive for Saxon History . tape 38 , 1917, p. 17–45 ( digitized version ).
- Lothar Wendler: Castles in the Western Ore Mountains - on the Mulde, Schwarzwasser and Zschopau (= Our Home. Rockstroh's illustrated sheets on the history of the Western Ore Mountains ). Mike Rokstroh printer & publisher, Aue 2004.
- Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas . Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wittgensdorf in the Handbuch der Geographie, p. 53
- ↑ Description of the district of the Zwickau district directorate from p. 192
- ↑ Incorporation of the Remse rule with the Tirschheim and Ziegelheim dinghies in the Zwickau district directorate, “Handbook of the royal Saxon legislation of January 28th and 30th, 1835”, p. 132
- ^ The Zwickau Office in the Archives of the Free State of Saxony