Pöhlau

Pöhlau City of Zwickau Coordinates: 50 ° 43 ′ 4 ″ N , 12 ° 32 ′ 52 ″ E
Height :	330 m
Residents :	696 (Jun 30, 2006)
Incorporation :	4th December 1952
Postal code :	08066
Area code :	0375
Location of Pöhlau in Saxony

Pöhlau has been a district of Zwickau since December 4, 1952 , which has been the district town of the Zwickau district in the Free State of Saxony since 2008 . The place is located in the Zwickau-Ost district and has the official number 23.

Geographical location

Districts and districts of Zwickau

Pöhlau is east of the city center. In the north it borders on Auerbach , in the west on Eckersbach and in the south on the municipality of Reinsdorf and to the east on the municipality of Mülsen .

history

Pöhlau, located on the eastern edge of the medieval town of Zwickau, was mentioned as early as 1378. Ecclesiastically, Pöhlau was parish to Reinsdorf from time immemorial. Politically, the greater part of Pöhlau belonged as an official village to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Zwickau until 1856 . The forest and customs houses with an inn at the eastern end of the village on “Freitagstrasse”, however, belonged to Reinsdorf in the Wildenfels rule . In 1856 Pöhlau came to the Zwickau court office and in 1875 to the Zwickau administration . The former Wildenfels part of Pöhlau remained under the political affiliation to Reinsdorf until today.

Ecclesiastically, Pöhlau belonged to Reinsdorf until 1930, and since then to the Nicolaikirche Zwickau. The St. Michael Chapel in town is a recent building. In 1952 Pöhlau first came to the Zwickau-Land district in the Chemnitz district (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ). However, at the end of 1952, the place left the Zwickau-Land district. On December 4, 1952, Pöhlau was incorporated into the then independent city of Zwickau together with Auerbach and Niederhohndorf .

History of hard coal mining around Pöhlau

Freight station Pöhlau (2016)

Pöhlau was dominated by agriculture until the 19th century. As a result of the coal mining in the Zwickau district , the town experienced an industrial boom from the middle of the 19th century. On June 25, 1855, the Zwickau Brückenberg-Steinkohlenbau-Verein was founded in Zwickau in order to mine the coal reserves under the Brückenberg east of Zwickau. Between 1859 and 1874, this company built six shafts in the northwest and southwest of Pöhlau. The coal mined there was to be transported away using its own coal railroad. The Brückenbergschachtbahn , which is only used for freight traffic, was opened in September 1872. Starting from Zwickau Central Station , where the line was directly connected to the network of the Royal Saxon State Railways , it circumnavigated Zwickau city center to the south and then led with a steep gradient along the Pöhlauer Bach Collection station Pöhlau. From there the shafts were directly connected with branch tracks. The coal railway and the Pöhlau station experienced a further increase in traffic in the years from 1900. To the east of Pöhlau, the Morgenstern Sarfert & Wiede coal works founded in 1867 (converted into the Morgenstern union in 1889) created six shafts on the Mülsener and Reinsdorfer corridors between 1867 and 1938 . The newly sunk Morgensternschacht III on Dresdner Strasse was connected to the Brückenbergschachtbahn with a branch from 1909. The Pöhlau station was subsequently expanded into an efficient collection station. The dispatch of coal in Pöhlau increased from 270,000 tons in 1905 to 400,000 tons in 1915.

In 1920 the Morgenstern union took over the Brückenberg-Steinkohlenbau-Verein as the Brückenberg operations department . After the Second World War , the Morgenstern union was expropriated by a referendum in Saxony in 1946 . In 1948 the factory was renamed VEB Martin-Hoop-Werk . When the hard coal works of the Morgenstern union and the Brückenberg hard coal mining association were separated on January 1, 1949, the Brückenberg hard coal mining association was renamed the Volkseigener Betrieb (VEB) Steinkohlenwerk Karl Marx . From then on, the Pöhlau station was administered by VEB Steinkohlenwerk Karl Marx.

From the end of the 1960s onwards, coal production in the Zwickau mining area declined more and more, which ultimately led to the decision to stop mining by the government of the GDR. The extraction of the last remaining shaft ended in 1978. Successor industries were established on the former shaft site, so that the coal railway remained in operation almost as it had before. The largest affiliate was now the VEB Steinkohlenkokereien August Bebel.

After the political change in the GDR in 1989/90 , the coal railroad began to decline. The coking plant ceased operations in March 1992. On December 21, 1998, the Pöhlau station was served as scheduled for the last time by a freight train. On December 31, 1998, the route was closed, but not dismantled.

Legacy of the coal mining industry

Since 2006, the Förderverein Brückenbergbahn eV has been working on reopening a 4.5 km long section between the new Gartenanlage stop and the Zwickau-Pöhlau train station in order to set up a museum-like railway there. The first public trip took place on January 6, 2010. There are regular driving days where your own vehicles are used.

On two days in September 2012, a "Schienentrabbi" borrowed from the Sächsischer Eisenbahnfreunde Schwarzenberg association traveled between the level crossing on Reinsdorfer Strasse and Pöhlau station on the occasion of the 140th anniversary of the Brückenbergschachtbahn.

Witnesses of the former coal mining in Pöhlau are still the numerous surviving mining dumps . The night sanatorium on Freitagstrasse in the east of the town was built in the 1930s. It served as a recreation center for the coal mining miners. On a Soviet initiative, the building was expanded in 1954 and converted into a night sanatorium. With full board and physiotherapy treatments, the coal miners were able to recover between 2 and 4 weeks. After the facility was closed, the building has been empty since 1992.

Population development

date	population
December 31, 1998	592
December 31, 1999	591
December 31, 2000	609
December 31, 2001	706
December 31, 2002	739
December 31, 2003	740
December 31, 2004	713
December 31, 2005	697
June 30, 2006	696

year	Population (forecast)
2010	610
2015	600
2020	600

Source: Urban development concept of the city of Zwickau 2020 (status: December 2006) as well as statistical information of the city of Zwickau 2006/1.

Attractions

The Colombstein

Colombstein : To commemorate the battle between French and Prussian troops under Friedrich August Peter von Colomb during the Wars of Liberation in May 1813. The stone is on the corner of Freitagsstrasse and Dresdener Strasse ( B 173 ).