Chemnitz Office

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The " Amt Chemnitz " was a territorial administrative unit of the Electorate of Saxony in the Erzgebirge district .

Until the end of the Saxon constitution of offices in 1856, it was the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes .

Geographical expansion

The area of ​​the Chemnitz office largely comprised the area of ​​today's city of Chemnitz , with the exception of a few districts in the south and east. The office also included some places southwest and west of Chemnitz, which are now in the Erzgebirge district and in the district of Zwickau . The exclaves Köthensdorf and Niedersteinbach in the north and north-west are now in the district of Central Saxony . The office was traversed by the lower reaches of the Zwönitz and Würschnitz rivers, which unite in the Altchemnitz district to form Chemnitz .

Adjacent administrative units

Amt Borna (exclave of the rule of Wolkenburg ), Amt Rochlitz (exclave) Schoenburg territories of Penig and Wechselburg , Amt Zwickau (exclave) Office Lichtenwalde
Schoenburg estates of Waldenburg , Glauchau and Lichtenstein , Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (exclave Rußdorf of the Altenburg district office ) Neighboring communities Office of Augustusburg
Amt Grünhain (exclave) Stollberg Office Office of Selva

history

The area of ​​the Chemnitz Office was originally the property of the Chemnitz Benedictine Monastery of St. Marien, founded in the 12th to 14th centuries . Around 1170 this monastery was near by Kaiser (Barbarossa) I. Friedrich , a town-like settlement called Chemnitz in the floodplain of the Chemnitz river founded. This was a free imperial city until 1308 .

The monastery villages subject to interest included around 1200 Kappel, Klaffenbach, Adorf, Neukirchen, Altendorf, Altchemnitz, Gablenz and Stelzendorf. Kleinolbersdorf was sold to the Chemnitz Monastery by the Lords of Schellenberg in 1322 . In 1338 the monastery with the five villages of the Blankenau rule north of Chemnitz was enfeoffed. Helbersdorf, Schönau and Rottluff came into monastic ownership in 1375. In the same year, the rule Rabenstein west of Chemnitz with its eleven villages was purchased by the Lords of Waldenburg . In exchange, the Lords of Waldenburg received the Großhartmannsdorf manor belonging to the Chemnitz monastery in the Middle Ore Mountains, which came as an exclave to the Waldenburg office of Wolkenstein . Furthermore, the area of ​​the manor Limbach belonged to the official area. The larger disputes of the monastery included the Rabensteiner feud of 1386 under Abbot Albrecht von Leisnig (only briefly settled in 1390) and the sale of land (Borssendorf, Streitdorf, parts of Bernsdorf, Gablenz and Kappel) to the city of Chemnitz in 1402.

Since the division of Leipzig in 1485, the area belonged to the Albertine line of the Wettins . The process of dissolution of the monastery began under Abbot Hilarius von Rehburg, he could not stop the emigration of the monks from the monastery. From 1524 it was opposed by a broad bourgeois opposition movement, after which from 1539 the monks were only "quietly tolerated". In 1541 more monks left the monastery and Hilarius gave up the lease over the monastery in 1546. After the dissolution of the Benedictine monastery, the monastery facilities were converted into an electoral palace in 1548. After the introduction of the Reformation and the resulting secularization , the Chemnitz Office was formed from the territory of the Chemnitz Monastery in 1548. The rule of Blankenau bordering in the north and the rule of Rabenstein in the west have also been part of this new office since then.

From 1783, the Frankenberg-Sachsenburg office was combined with the Chemnitz office under a judicial officer while maintaining the greatest possible independence. In 1832 the three places Einsiedel, Erfenschlag and Reichenhain from the office of Wolkenstein south of Chemnitz and the places Wittgensdorf (exclave) from the office of Zwickau , Murschnitz from the rule of Penig and Fichtigsthal from the office of Rochlitz were added to the official area. As an exclave to the Penig lordship, KÄNDER (Rittergutsgemeinde) was subordinated to the Chemnitz office in 1836.

1,874 were in Saxony Kingdom as part of a comprehensive administrative reform new district governor teams set up and Amtshauptmann teams. The Chemnitz District Administration was formed from the Chemnitz and Limbach judicial districts, which were largely formed from the Chemnitz office in 1856, and the Stollberg judicial district (which emerged from the former Stollberg office ). The city of Chemnitz became district-free and did not belong to the new administration.

Associated places

Chemnitz Office

Cities
Villages
Castles and manors

Reign of Blankenau (1338 to Chemnitz Monastery)

Villages
Castles

Rabenstein reign (1375 to Chemnitz Monastery)

Villages
Castles and manors

Places that were attached to the Chemnitz Office in the middle of the 19th century

  • Dittersdorf (until 1832 to the office of Wolkenstein)
  • Einsiedel (until 1832 to the office of Selva Val Gardena)
  • Erfenschlag (until 1832 to the office of Selva Val Gardena)
  • Fichtigsthal (until 1832 exclave of the Rochlitz district)
  • Kellers (part of the manor; until 1836 exclave of the Schoenburg rule of Penig)
  • Mittelfrohna (Rochlitz share until 1832 exclave of the Rochlitz district)
  • Murschnitz (until 1816 exclave of the Zwickau district, from 1816 to 1832 to the Schoenburg rule of Penig)
  • Reichenhain (until 1832 to the office of Selva Val Gardena)
  • Weißbach (until 1832 to the office of Wolkenstein)
  • Wittgensdorf (until 1832 exclave of the Zwickau district)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Chemnitz Office in the middle of the 19th century in the book "Handbuch der Geographie"
  2. ↑ Codex Saxonicus, p. 117, Section XXII