Neukirchen / Erzgeb.
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 47 ' N , 12 ° 52' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Erzgebirgskreis | |
| Height : | 420 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 20.14 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 6907 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 343 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 09221 | |
| Area code : | 0371 | |
| License plate : | ERZ, ANA, ASZ, AU, MAB, MEK, STL, SZB, ZP | |
| Community key : | 14 5 21 410 | |
| LOCODE : | DE NKI | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptstrasse 77 09221 Neukirchen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Sascha Thamm (independent) | |
| Location of the municipality of Neukirchen / Erzgeb. in the Erzgebirgskreis | ||
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Neukirchen / Erzgeb. ( Neukirchen / Erzgebirge ) is a municipality in the north of the Erzgebirgskreis in Saxony , bordering on Chemnitz to the southwest .
geography
The highest point is in Adorf at 505 m, the Neukirchen train station is at a height of 330 m and is therefore the lowest location in town.
Districts
- Neukirchen
- Neukirchen concern
- Adorf / Erzgeb. (Affiliation with Neukirchen on January 1, 1999)
history
Neukirchen district
middle Ages
The settlement of the place as a Waldhufendorf took place in the middle of the 12th century.
Several views have been published to date for the layout of the location. The latest results of local research allow only two theses. Neither of these can currently be further justified to exclude either. Once there is King Konrad III. (1093 - 1153) as the initiator of the settlement of the side valleys of the Würschnitztal and thus Neukirchen possible by commissioning the margrave Konrad I of Meissen to do so. With the same justification one can ascribe this to Emperor Friedrich I (HRR) (Barbarossa; 1122 - 1190), who commissioned the Reich Ministerial Hugo von Wartha with this thesis . An initiation of the settlement by the Chemnitz monastery, as mostly published so far, can be excluded.
It can be assumed that Neukirchen, together with the other places in the Würschnitztal valley before Chemnitz, was settled by a migration of settlers. The reason for this settlement activity was undoubtedly the foundation of the Chemnitz Benedictine monastery, to which the populated area was left as a fief, and to which Neukirchen had to render interest and services after its settlement.
Neukirchen was mentioned for the first time around 1200 (year estimated by written comparison) as nova ecclesia (= New Church) in the interest register of the Chemnitz monastery.
The settlement was expanded from the Würschnitz along the inflowing Dorfbach, where a small meadow landscape can be assumed at the time of settlement. Church (chapel) and mill are believed to have existed as early as the 13th century. However, there were only reliable mentions in 1541 (mill in the Neukirchen court book) and for the end of the 16th century (church with surrounding sacred acre on the stable plan of Georg Öder the Younger). The first bar was recorded in the city of Chemnitz's registry book in 1331.
The later place name Neukirchen has been derived from nova ecclesia . A chapel is said to have been built early for the settlers on behalf of the Chemnitz Monastery. It is more likely that such a simple chapel was built by the settlers themselves. However, the adoption of the place name of the place of origin of the settlers who could have come from Franconia, Hesse or Thuringia cannot be ruled out.
Until the Reformation, Neukirchen was a monastery village that had to pay tribute to the Chemnitz monastery, as were the neighboring towns of Adorf, Burkhardtsdorf and Klaffenbach.
From 1491 court books (purchase books, consensus books) are kept for sales and encumbrances in Neukirchen.
Early modern age
The three monastery villages Burkhardtsdorf, Klaffenbach and Neukirchen were acquired in 1543 by the wealthy Annaberg citizen Wolf Hünerkopf after the secularization. Hünerkopf had an estate built between 1553 and 1557. From a more recent view of old documents, it must be concluded that Hünerkopf had a mansion called a castle, now known as the gatehouse, built next to the manor until 1566.
In 1570 the Saxon elector August (father August) bought the Neukirchen estate with manor and castle from Hünerkopf's heirs and assigned them to the office of Chemnitz. He left the manor and castle to the master hunter Paul Gröbel and his heirs until 1615.
Verifiably church records have been kept in Neukirchen since 1580.
After several changes of ownership, the manor and castle came into the possession of Dietrich von Taube, who came from the Baltic States, in 1615. Dietrich von Taube had the second manor house listed in the fire insurance register of 1785, certainly today's moated castle, built. The von Taube family has ruled the manor and Neukirchen Castle for over 200 years. In 1674 his nephew Reinhard Dietrich von Taube succeeded in transferring the market fairness for linen products from Burkhardtsdorf, which had existed since at least 1568, with additional products to Neukirchen with Elector Johann Georg II. The town charter for Neukirchen, which was repeatedly claimed, was never granted according to the existing documents.
The Hussite invasions at the beginning of the 15th century and the Peasants' War at the beginning of the 16th century touched Neukirchen without evidence of the decline of the village. Things looked different after the Thirty Years War. The place was particularly affected in the period from 1631 to 1641 and was also hit several times by the plague between 1626 and 1641. A plague cemetery was created outside the village. The town was also affected by the Seven Years' War between Austria and Prussia through billeting, tax extortion and the recruiting of citizens for the Prussian army.
In 1785 a fire insurance cadastre was drawn up with addenda up to 1839 219 properties with an estimated 1000 inhabitants. According to the previous illustrations on so-called stable plans from 1570 and the “Ur-Öder” site plan from 1620 on the topography, it is the first representation of the property situation in the place.
From 1790 a third known site plan of Neukirchen can be classified. It is the “Sächsisches Meilenblatt”, Berlin copy no. 177, Freiberg copy number 163, Dresden copy no. 216, each made on a scale of 1: 12,000.
19th and 20th centuries
In 1819, the Schneeberg merchant Carl Heinrich Hänel acquired the Neukirchen castle and estate. The property then passes to his son-in-law manor owner Christian Gotthold Clauss from Seusslitz and Radwitz.
Following the enactment of the Saxon rural community code on November 11, 1838, the first community council meeting was elected in Neukirchen Castle on April 8, 1839. Neukirchen had around 2700 inhabitants that year. The wealthy Halbhüfner Friedrich August Hähle was elected first community leader. The Neukirchen manor with the castle remained an independent political unit until 1921.
In 1839 a new fire insurance register was drawn up. The fire register numbers assigned here for the farmsteads generally correspond to the location list numbers that were valid until the middle of the 20th century. 220 farmsteads were recorded.
1841 Completion of the land register and the land maps (Kroki and Menselblätter) of Neukirchen. All areas of homesteads, fields, meadows, forests, roads and bodies of water are measured and numbered as parcels. 1,085 parcels of farmsteads, arable land, meadows, pasture and forest areas as well as paths in a total area of around 14 km² in Neukirchen were measured. Street names with house numbers have only been binding in Neukirchen since 1935. Previously, the homesteads were only differentiated by the location list number. In 1883 the site was re-measured. The parcels (called parcels from 1936 onwards) were renumbered.
Until the first half of the 19th century, Neukirchen was a purely farming village with an efficient craftsmen. Agriculture, cattle breeding, forestry and, to a lesser extent, river fishing shaped the place.
The industrialization of the 19th century, which was mainly initiated by stocking knitting, also changed Neukirchen, which was characterized by farms, craftsmen and 3 mills. Textile companies were dominant until the late 20th century. A large number of craft businesses continued to exist. The trading network in the village was also well developed.
At the same time, the technical infrastructure was built. A central water supply system was completed and put into operation in 1914. From 1900 there was electrical energy, from 1901 there was electrical street lighting on streets that were still inadequately paved. Telephone connections were established from 1902.
From 1925 the era of gas supply finally began in Neukirchen. Only central wastewater disposal was not addressed in Neukirchen until the 21st century.
There was a post office in the village as early as the middle of the 19th century until a representative post office was opened in 1905.
In 1895 Neukirchen received an unfavorably placed joint rail connection with Klaffenbach on the Chemnitz - Stollberg railway line. A bus line to Chemnitz had been set up since 1910.
Local fire protection has been served by a compulsory fire brigade since 1800, and a voluntary fire brigade was founded in 1860.
In the middle of the 18th century, but probably even earlier, the children from Neukirchen, Adorf, Klaffenbach, Stelzendorf and Markersdorf were taught in a church school. In the 19th century, only the Neukirchen children learned in two school districts in the village. In 1929 a vocational school for textile professions and those in agriculture began teaching in Neukirchen. From 1955 it was developed into a medical college that operated until 2007.
Medical care has been documented in Neukirchen since the second decade of the 19th century, veterinary care since 1850 and a pharmacy in town opened in 1866.
The municipality had had a savings bank since 1890, first in the town hall and later in its own building.
A diverse club life developed especially from the middle of the 19th century to the 20th century.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, the place had a permanent cinema theater, as there was a local newspaper from 1913 to 1940 with small interruptions.
The Neukirchen outdoor pool was opened in 1925.
The second Neukirchen town hall was inaugurated in December 1904 and is still the seat of the municipal administration today.
27 listed buildings are registered in the district.
Neukirchen-Sorge district
The district emerged at the beginning of the 19th century with initially nine farmsteads on the property of the Neukirchen local judge on the border with the neighboring municipality of Jahnsdorf. The first settlers were classified as cottagers. The predominantly residential use of the settlement has been preserved to this day.
A grain mill was built in the first third of the 19th century, but later it was only used as a sawmill.
politics
Municipal council
Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 18 seats of the municipal council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:
- CDU : 4 seats
- Free voters Neukirchen-Adorf (FWNA): 8 seats
- LEFT : 2 seats
- SPD : 1 seat
- AfD : 3 seats
mayor
In May 1990 Stefan Lori was elected mayor for the first time (at that time still by the local council). Sascha Thamm was elected as his successor in the second ballot in June 2015. Stefan Lori died in 2017.
Culture and sights
Memorials
The following memorials are located in the Neukirchen district:
- War memorial for those who fell in World War I at the Markersdorfer Str.
- Church with obelisk commemorating the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71
- Memorial stone for 12 unknown victims of National Socialism in the cemetery
- Memorial stone for seven resistance fighters murdered by the National Socialists on Markersdorfer Strasse
- Memorial stone for the murdered Weigel family
- Memorial stone for all victims of war and tyranny at the cemetery
The graves of eight concentration camp prisoners , who were victims of a death march in April 1945 , as well as two Soviet prisoners of war are located in the cemetery of the Adorf district .
Furthermore, there is a memorial column (granite) in the Adorf cemetery for the fallen or missing Adorfer of the First World War.
In the Adorf district, an atonement cross reminds of a bloody act. A miller is said to have been slain by several farmers in the 15th century. The miller wanted to build a so-called compulsory mill. All farmers in the village and the surrounding area should only be able to grind their grain there. Then the anger discharged. The miller and his family were slain near a village meadow. So that no one could be accused of the act, everyone present carried out a blow. As atonement, the farmers were obliged to erect a stone cross at the scene of the crime. This cross gave the meadow its name - Kreuzwiese. Today there is a small shopping center on Kreuzwiese. The cross is above, not far from the main road. It was rebuilt in connection with the 850th anniversary of the town in 2005 based on old drawings. The “real” cross disappeared in the 1930s.
Recreational facilities
- Summer bath
Important clubs
- Fire brigade music train Neukirchen-Adorf
- Budo-Verein Neukirchen eV Bujinkan Dojo
- 1. Murmelclub Erzgebirge Neukirchen eV
- Fanfarenzug Neukirchen e. V.
- SG Neukirchen / Ore. eV
- Culture & Heimatverein Adorf (Erzgebirge) e. V.
- Association "Voluntary Fire Brigade Adorf / E. founded in 1876 “e. V.
- SV Adorf / Erzgebirge e. V.
- Local history and history association Neukirchen / Erzgeb. e. V.
- Rifle Society Neukirchen 1864
- CPSV JUDO e. V.
traffic
The closest junctions to the A 72 are Stollberg-Nord and Chemnitz-Süd. Federal highway 169 runs directly through the town . At the City-Bahn Chemnitz -Stollberg Neukirchen is connected through the breakpoints Neukirchen-Klaffenbach and Adorf / Erzgebirge.
Personalities
- Carl Friedrich Liebel (1745–1823), Protestant field preacher, pastor, superintendent
- Theodor Kirchner (1823–1903), composer, conductor, organist and pianist
- Wilhelm Heinrich Schneider (1821–1900), painter
- Oskar Aurich (1877–1968), sculptor
- Hans-Heinrich Stölzel (1920–1981), druggist, philatelist and local history researcher
- Kurt Weißenfels (1920–1998), football player
- Eberhard Baumann (1930–2013), painter and graphic artist
- Reiner Tetzner (* 1936), author and non-fiction author
- Marie-Luise Apostel (* 1945), politician (SPD)
- Jürgen Maria Beyer (* 1953), politician (Free Voters Neukirchen-Adorf)
literature
- Local history and history association Neukirchen / Erzgeb. eV: The chronicle of the place Neukirchen / Erzgeb. , compiled by Dietmar Sommerfeld; Neukirchen 2018 (first edition 2011 under the title: Chronicle of the history of Neukirchen / Erzgeb. From the settlement to the end of the GDR ).
- Hans-Achim Uhlig: "The district of Chemnitz in historical views", Geiger Verlag Horb am Neckar, 1992, ISBN 3-89264-730-5 (on the history of the places in the former district of Chemnitz : Neukirchen pp. 146–149; Klaffenbach - with Neukirchen Castle - p. 116–121)
Web links
- Official website of the community of Neukirchen
- Neukirchen / Erzgeb. in the digital historical directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ Community Neukirchen im Erzgebirge: At a glance ( Memento of the original from November 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 12, 2012
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
- ↑ Official Journal June 2019
- ↑ www.statistik.sachsen.de
- ↑ Mayoral election 2015. Accessed December 18, 2017 .
- ↑ 06.02.2017 - We mourn the loss of Stefan Lori, former mayor. D. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 29, 2018 ; accessed on December 18, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Chemnitzer Polizeisportverein eV Retrieved on June 18, 2019 (German).
Amtsberg | Annaberg-Buchholz | Aue-Bad Schlema | Auerbach | Bear Stone | Bockau | Börnichen / Erzgeb. | Breitenbrunn / Erzgeb. | Burkhardtsdorf | Crottendorf | Deutschneudorf | Drebach | Ehrenfriedersdorf | Eibenstock | Parents | Gelenau / Erzgeb. | Geyer | Gornau / Erzgeb. | Gornsdorf | Großolbersdorf | Großrückerswalde | Grünhain-Beierfeld | Grünhainichen | Heidersdorf | Hohndorf | Jahnsdorf / Erzgeb. | Johanngeorgenstadt | Jöhstadt | Königswalde | Lauter-Bernsbach | Loessnitz | Lugau | Marienberg | Mildenau | Neukirchen / Erzgeb. | Niederdorf | Niederwürschnitz | Oberwiesenthal | Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. | Olbernhau | Pockau-Lengefeld | Raschau-Markersbach | Scheibenberg | Schlettau | Schneeberg | Schönheide | Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. | Sehmatal | Seiffen / Erzgeb. | Stollberg / Erzgeb. | Column green | Tannenberg | Thalheim / Erzgeb. | Thermal bath Wiesenbad | Thum | Selva | Zschopau | Zschorlau | Zwönitz