Annaberg-Buchholz
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Coordinates: 50 ° 35 ' N , 13 ° 0' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Erzgebirgskreis | |
| Height : | 600 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 28.15 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 19,619 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 697 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 09456 | |
| Area code : | 03733 | |
| License plate : | ERZ, ANA, ASZ, AU, MAB, MEK, STL, SZB, ZP | |
| Community key : | 14 5 21 020 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ANB | |
| City structure: | 6 districts: Annaberg, Buchholz, Cunersdorf, Frohnau, Geyersdorf, Kleinrückerswalde | |
City administration address : |
Markt 1 09456 Annaberg-Buchholz |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Rolf Schmidt (Free Voting Association "We for our City / Alternative List Sport") | |
| Location of the district town Annaberg-Buchholz in the Ore Mountains district | ||
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Annaberg-Buchholz is a large district town in the Saxon Erzgebirgskreis . It is the second largest city in the district and its administrative center. The city is a supraregional administrative and service center, seat of the employment agency, the tourism association and the business development company.
geography
Geographical location
The town of Annaberg-Buchholz is located in the Ore Mountains at an average altitude of 600 m above sea level. NHN on both sides of the Sehma Valley . The Annaberg district extends on the slopes of the Pöhlberg (832 m above sea level) to the right of the Sehma, Buchholz on the opposite side of the valley to the Schottenberg. Due to its special location, the Buchholz district has the character of a terrace town.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring communities are Königswalde and Mildenau in the east, the city of Schlettau in the west, Sehmatal in the south and the thermal baths Wiesenbad in the north.
City structure
The urban area of Annaberg-Buchholz is divided into the six districts of Annaberg, Buchholz , Cunersdorf , Frohnau , Geyersdorf and Kleinrückerswalde .
| district | Population (June 30, 2011) |
|---|---|
| Annaberg | 13,040 |
| Buchholz | 3,582 |
| Cunersdorf | 897 |
| Frohnau | 936 |
| Geyersdorf | 1,174 |
| Kleinrückerswalde | 1,476 |
In the actual urban area of Annaberg, to which Kleinrückerswalde also belongs in addition to the core town, lived a total of 14,516 inhabitants. In Buchholz (to whose urban area Cunersdorf still belongs) lived 4,479 inhabitants.
history
founding
The Upper Ore Mountains, then covered by dense forest, were settled by Franconian farmers in the 12th and 13th centuries. The first written mentions of the villages Frohnau, Geyersdorf and Kleinrückerswalde, which today belong to the city of Annaberg-Buchholz, date back to 1397.
The first mining activities in today's urban area are documented to a small extent around 1470. When rich silver veins were discovered on the nearby Schreckenberg in 1491, a strong influx of people began in the wake of the mountain screams . On September 21, 1496, a town was founded at the behest of the Saxon ruler Georg the Bearded . In the following year, the first construction work on the new settlement began. The design of the facility came from the later Freiberg mayor and scholar Ulrich Rülein von Calw. There is no contemporary evidence or evidence that Ulrich Rülein von Calw had anything to do with the planning of the city. As the city physician of Freiberg, he would not have been able to do this for a limited time. On October 28, 1497, the "Newe Stat am Schrekenbergk" received city rights. The following year the Annaberg mint was founded, which was in Frohnau until the end of 1501 and was relocated to Annaberg in 1502.
The following forms of place names were used:
1492 Schregkennpergk, 1494 den gewercken der funtgruben zu Schreckenperge, 1496 St. Annabergk, 1497 In der Neustadt des Schreckenberg, 1499 umb the Schreckenberg, zu der Nawenstadt, Newenstadt ader santt Annabergk, 1509 sendt Annaberg, stat, 1535 Sant Anaberg, 1547 Annenberg, 1555 Annebergk, 1589 Schreckenberg, later named S. Annenberg, 1590 Annaberg, 1949 Annaberg-Buchholz.
In 1495, another mining settlement began to be built on the Grünhainer monastery area , below Annaberg. St. Katharinenberg im Buchholz received its first privileges in 1501 and was first referred to as a town in 1539. The Buchholz mint was founded in 1505 under Elector Friedrich III. established and merged with the Annaberger Mint in 1553. In 1558, Elector August moved the Annaberg Mint to Dresden .
Since the division of Leipzig in 1485, the border between the Ernestian and Albertine Saxony ran in the Sehma valley between the two cities of Annaberg in the office of Selva and Buchholz in the office of Grünhain . After the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, Buchholz also came to the Albertine part of Saxony, which has been called the Electorate of Saxony since then .
Center of silver mining
The rich yield of silver mining led to a large influx of miners and a rapid increase in the population. In the first half of the 16th century, Annaberg developed into the second largest city in Saxony after Freiberg . Around 1522 Adam Ries moved to Annaberg, who worked here as an arithmetic master and mountain official until the end of his life.
While the Reformation was introduced early in the Ernestian Saxony, to which Buchholz belonged, Annaberg remained Catholic in the Albertine Saxony. Duke Georg made an effort to develop the new city into a center of faith. In the St. Anne Church an extensive was collection of relics collected, the Anna Berg also made a place of pilgrimage. A large Franciscan monastery was founded in the city as early as 1502 . The fact that the state border between Annaberg and Buchholz had become the border of faith led to an increasing number of Annaberg people secretly listening to the evangelical church service in the neighboring town. For example, the monk and reformer Friedrich Myconius, who had fled the Annaberg monastery, preached there in 1524 and attracted well over 1,000 believers from Annaberg. After the death of Duke George in 1539, as in all of Albertine Saxony, the Reformation found its way into Annaberg.
In the second half of the 16th century, lace and braid weaving gained economic importance, especially through the entrepreneur Barbara Uthmann . In the 17th century, the region was marked by the sharp decline in mining activity and repeatedly affected by the effects of the Thirty Years War .
In the 18th century Annaberg and Buchholz were small craft towns. In 1712 Tsar Peter the Great visited Annaberg on a trip to Karlsbad . Between 1712 and 1720 the so-called Annaberg disease ( cases of visions and seizures attributed to alleged witchcraft ), which was also internationally noted , affected 20 people. In 1731 a city fire destroyed parts of the city. During the War of the Bavarian Succession, Austrian troops besieged the city in 1778. Since they could not raise the required 50,000 thalers tribute, the mayor and a merchant were taken hostage, deported to Hungary and only released a year later.
The location "Annaberg", more precisely the Annaberg district of Frohnau , is the namesake for the mineral annabergite described in 1852 by Henry James Brooke and William Hallowes Miller .
Industrial revolution
In the 19th century there was a sustained economic upswing, especially through the textile industry. Decisive for the cities Annaberg and Buchholz was the introduction of the freedom of trade in Saxony in 1861, as well as the opening of the Chemnitz-Annaberger Railway in 1866. From 1872 there was a direct railway connection to Bohemia , through which Bohemian coal in particular could be imported cheaply.
In the course of the industrial revolution , Annaberg and Buchholz developed into a global center for trimmings at the end of the 19th century . Annaberg companies had branches in numerous metropolises around the world such as Paris, London and New York. During this time, well over 200 large and small manufacturers and independent trimmers worked in the two cities. Were made tassels , braids and lace , products whose demand due to the prevailing taste in fashion and furnishings, rapidly increased, as well as bags and Posamentiermaschinen.
Another important branch of the economy was cardboard packaging and embossing mills that produced packaging materials, boxes, and embossed decorations. These items were also exported overseas from Annaberg and Buchholz.
The establishment of an American consular agency in Annaberg in 1879, which was elevated to a consulate in 1882, was an expression of the economic boom at that time and the importance of the business location . Essentially the export formalities for goods from the Ore Mountains were done here. When numerous Annaberg companies increasingly handled this through their own foreign branches, the consulate became superfluous and closed again in 1908.
Buchholz, too, which had always been in the shadow of its more important neighboring town, built up an important economic pillar for itself since the 16th century with lace making and trimmings . In 1620 Bohemian exiles moved in before it, without a city wall, was badly devastated in the Thirty Years' War . In 1868 a manufacturing process for pearl fabric was invented in the city, which, as Buchholz's monopoly, led to an economic boom.
From 1874 Annaberg was the seat of the district administration Annaberg and from 1939 the district of Annaberg until its dissolution in 2008.
Period of National Socialism and World War II
At the beginning of the Nazi era was in the clubhouse of the later Restaurant, Ore Hof , an early concentration camp set up, were interned in the hundreds of members of labor organizations and other opponents of the Nazi regime and abused. In connection with the November pogrom of 1938, the 16 remaining Jews of the city, who used the prayer room of the Israelite religious community in the rear building of the Buchholzer Strasse 17 building until 1935/36 , were expelled or deported to the extermination camps under First Mayor Max Dietze . The Jewish cemetery was destroyed and leveled in 1940.
In Annaberg, the destruction in World War II was limited. Buchholz, however, was badly hit in a bombing raid on February 14, 1945. Instead of a planned attack on nearby Chemnitz , several bombers swerved south because the clouds were too high, and the cities of Annaberg and Buchholz were illuminated. It is believed that the bombs were released too late when flying over the Pöhlberg, so that the city of Annaberg was spared from destruction that night. In Buchholz, however, numerous houses were destroyed or badly damaged. The Katharinenkirche was also hit, the vaults and pillars collapsed, only the surrounding walls remained. It was rebuilt by 1975.
Post-war period, GDR and political change
In 1945 the two cities of Annaberg and Buchholz were united on the instructions of the Soviet city commandant. By then there had been several attempts to unite the two cities, which had grown together completely, politically. In 1913 an initiative on the part of the city of Buchholz was rejected by the Annaberg council, and in 1919 another attempt failed because of the Annaberg condition that only Buchholz should be incorporated but not the two cities united. Several attempts to create a large community, including other neighboring towns such as Frohnau or Cunersdorf, were unsuccessful in the 1920s.
In 1945, resistance to the forced unification by the occupying power arose, especially from Buchholz, and local bodies protested and demanded a proper procedure. In 1947 the district council finally approved the unification, followed by the Saxon state parliament the following year. On the basis of the law on the amalgamation of the municipalities of Annaberg and Buchholz (district of Annaberg) of December 10, 1948 (laws / orders / announcements / ordinances published by the state government of Saxony, 4th year 1948, p. 650), the official unification of the both cities.
The extraction of uranium ores for the SAG Wismut from 1947 and especially in the 1950s led to a resurgence of mining and a sharp increase in the population. After larger companies had already been expropriated at the end of the 1940s, a large part of the privately owned companies were nationalized in 1972. After the political change in 1989/90, many companies were returned to private hands.
In September 1994 Annaberg-Buchholz hosted the third day of the Sachsen .
Incorporations
- January 1, 1912: incorporation of Kleinrückerswalde into the city of Annaberg
- October 1, 1949: Association of Cities Annaberg and Buchholz (formal confirmation of the 1945 instructed by the Russian Commandant fusion)
- January 1, 1996: incorporation of Frohnau
- July 1, 1998: Incorporation of Cunersdorf
- January 1, 1999: incorporation of Geyersdorf
Population development
At the beginning of the 16th century Annaberg was one of the largest cities in Germany with an estimated 8,000 inhabitants. In 1834 Annaberg had 5068 inhabitants, Buchholz 1424. In 1875 there were 11,725 inhabitants, 1890 11,725, 1925 18,204, 1933 19,818.
In 1939 Annaberg had 19,266, Buchholz 8959 inhabitants, with the communities of Cunersdorf (1509), Frohnau (1610) and Geyersdorf (1497), which also belonged to Annaberg-Buchholz, a total of 32,841 people lived in 1939 in the area of what is now the city of Annaberg-Buchholz. Due to the brief flare-up of uranium mining, the population increased by leaps and bounds due to the influx of miners in the 1950s and reached its all-time high with almost 40,000 inhabitants. Since then, the population has been falling, especially due to a low birth rate, which does not compensate for deaths, but also due to emigration.
Further development of the population:
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- Before 1945: Population of the two cities Annaberg and Buchholz
Data source from 1998: State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony
politics
City council
The Annaberg-Buchholz city council has consisted of 26 seats since 2019. The following breakdown is the result of the 2014 local elections and 2019 local elections .
| Political party | 2014 | 2019 | Distribution of seats since 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| FWG | 6 seats | 9 seats | |
| CDU | 13 seats | 6 seats | |
| AfD | - | 5 seats | |
| FWBF | 2 seats | 2 seats | |
| LEFT | 6 seats | 2 seats | |
| SPD | 3 seats | 1 seat | |
| GREEN | 0 seats | 1 seat |
According to the distribution of votes, the AfD would be entitled to 5 seats in the city council after the 2019 local elections. Since the AfD ran for election with only three list candidates, two of its seats remain vacant. The city council therefore only consists of 24 members in this electoral term.
mayor
The following people have been mayors since the unification to form the twin town of Annaberg-Buchholz (from 1997 as Lord Mayor):
- 1945–1947: Friedrich Laube
- 1947–1949: Wilhelm Rudolf König
- 1950: Karl Riemann
- 1951–1958: Fritz Ullmann
- 1959–1974: Erich Fritsch
- 1974–1983: Karlheinz Tröger
- 1983–1990: Erich Fritsch
- 1991-2001: Klaus Hermann (CDU)
- 2001-2014: Barbara Klepsch (CDU)
- 2014–2015: Thomas Proksch
- since 2015: Rolf Schmidt (Free Voters)
coat of arms
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The city of Annaberg-Buchholz continues the coats of arms of the former cities of Annaberg and Buchholz on an equal footing.
The coat of arms of the city of Annaberg, awarded by the later Emperor Maximilian I on March 22, 1501, shows Anna selbdritt (mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Jesus). It was confirmed in 1896 by the management of the Saxon Main State Archives in Dresden . The accompanying men represent miners and, together with the mallet and iron, are reminiscent of the earlier silver mining .
The coat of arms of the former city of Buchholz, newly established in 1898 by the management of the Main State Archives in Dresden, shows Saint Catherine , patron saint of the city, with her attributes of sword and wheel. The ledges symbolize the location of the city. Mallets and irons as well as the hat house symbolize the earlier silver mining. The Book are talking for the place name.
Blazon coat of arms Annaberg: “In gold (yellow) over a small silver (white) shield in the base of the shield, in it crossed black mallets and iron; accompanied by two silver (white) clad men with black shoes, who carry red burning black shards of light on their heads and hold the image of St. Anne in their hands, who sits on a red throne or chair, clad in blue, around their heads a silver (white) veil tied and in her right arm the flesh-colored Jesus child with golden (yellow) hair holds, in her left arm dressed in red and with golden (yellow) hair St. Virgin Mary, her hands together, looking at the child. "
Blazon of the Buchholz coat of arms: “In gold (yellow) over a green hill covered with a small silver (white) shield with black mallets and iron crossed in it; between two red ledges, each with a green beech tree, on the right side on the left a black hat house with silver (white) windows and door, which is clad in blue robes with red undergarment St. Katharina, with a golden (yellow) crown, hair and halo, in her right hand a silver (white) sword with a golden (yellow) handle and in her left a black wheel. "
Town twinning
Since November 1, 2004, the city has been a member of the Erzgebirge Regional Management, a regional initiative of the Erzgebirgskreis and ten other municipalities in the Erzgebirge .
Culture and sights
Cityscape
The inner cities of Annaberg and Buchholz are today mainly characterized by residential and commercial buildings from the Wilhelminian era as well as residential buildings from the 18th and early 19th centuries. The main shopping streets in particular are dominated by large, striking buildings from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, some with Art Nouveau elements. Closed Wilhelminian style residential areas are also located in the south of Annaberg. In addition to the mountain church, portals on Fleischergasse and Kleine Kirchgasse (Kürschnerhaus / Superintendentur) have been preserved from the Renaissance. The St. Anne's Church is late Gothic. The village structures of Cunersdorf, Frohnau, Geyersdorf and Kleinrückerswalde are also interspersed with Wilhelminian-style buildings. The cityscape is also characterized by the extreme hillside location of individual streets, especially in the Buchholz district. In the north of Annaberg there are residential districts of the New Building from the 1920s. On the northern outskirts of the city, two large residential areas were built in type construction in the 1970s and 1980s .
The historic old town of Annaberg, the Buchholz mining area with St. Katharinen, the Frohnau mining area and the Pöhlberg mining area are the nominated areas for the proposed candidacy for the planned UNESCO World Heritage Site Montanregion Erzgebirge .
Annaberg market square
Kirchgasse downhill
Klosterstrasse
Aerial view with St. Anne's Church
Annaberg-Buchholz, Damaschkestrasse in winter
Sacred buildings
St. Anne's Church
The St. Anne's Church is the city's landmark and can be seen from afar. The late Gothic hall church , completed in 1525, is one of the largest and most valuable examples of this type of architecture in terms of cultural history. On the back of the mountain altar there is a painting of the mining industry from the 16th century. The church was a Catholic church until 1539, so the rich interior is more reminiscent of a Catholic than a Protestant church.
Church of St. Catherine
The Katharinen Church in Buchholz was planned around 1500 as a three-aisled hall church. However, work was stopped by 1523 at the latest. The building remained unfinished for several centuries and the nave was provisionally closed. The tower stump received a gable roof with a ridge turret. It was not until the industrial boom at the end of the 19th century that sufficient funds were available for a representative church building. Under the direction of the architect Gotthilf Ludwig Möckel , the building was extensively modified and expanded between 1874 and 1877. The interior of the church was completely redesigned in the neo-Gothic style. The church received a new organ from the Walcker company . The tower was made massive and striking in the style of the time, adorned with corner turrets and capitals . On February 14, 1945 the Katharinenkirche burned down in an air raid, the vaults and pillars collapsed, only the surrounding walls were preserved. By 1975 the church was rebuilt in a simplified, plain form.
The most valuable piece of equipment is a winged altar by Hans Hesse from around 1515. It depicts St. Wolfgang in the bishop's robe in front of a mining landscape on the central panel. The realistically designed images of mining in the Upper Ore Mountains take some motifs from the mountain altar in the St. Anne's Church in Annaberg, the much better known main work of Hesse. On the side wings there are depictions of St. Catherine and Mary with the baby Jesus.
St. Marien mountain church
The mountain church, built between 1502 and 1511, is the only special mining church in Saxony. It is located on the northwest side of the market square. The Annaberger Nativity Trail is also presented in the church .
Hospital Church of St. Trinity
The church is located north of Annaberg's old town outside the former city wall . It is part of a complex that once consisted of a church, hospital and town church. The Kät , the largest folk festival in the Ore Mountains, emerged from the pilgrimage to St. Trinity . A special feature of this church is its outer pulpit, which faces the legendary cemetery linden tree. A center for contemporary art was to be created in the long-standing empty church. The former crypts and graves (called "Güldener Schwibbogen") of wealthy Annaberg residents in the immediate vicinity are left to decay.
Franciscan monastery
The monastery was founded in 1502 and existed until the introduction of the Reformation in the city in 1539. Burned down in 1604, ruins of the former monastery church are still preserved today. In the course of the dissolution of the monastery, important works of art were distributed to churches in the area, such as Hans Witten's "Beautiful Door" , which was moved to St. Anne's Church .
Parish Church of the Holy Cross
The church was built in 1844 by the small Roman Catholic community in the Evangelical-Lutheran Ore Mountains. The altar painting was made by the Dresden court painter Carl Vogel von Vogelstein around 1840. The first bell rang in 1920. Organ installation by Jehmlich Orgelbau Dresden 1992. Holy masses and devotions are also held from here in Bärenstein, Thum and Oberwiesenthal and in Sankt-Anna- Heim Annaberg carried out.
Secular buildings
town hall
The town hall dominates the northeast side of the Annaberg market square. In its current form, it was built in the middle of the 18th century according to plans by Johann Christoph von Naumann (1664–1742).
The city administration building has been in this location since the beginnings of Annaberg in the 15th century. In the first few years made of wood, a stone building was erected for the first time in 1536. This fell victim to the great city fire of 1604, and subsequent buildings also burned down in 1664 and 1731.
Johann Christoph von Naumann was Augustus the Strong's court architect and made a name for himself with numerous baroque buildings throughout Saxony. A lavishly decorated building in the Baroque style was also planned for the Annaberg town hall. After Naumann's death, the building was erected in a simpler, stricter way in 1751. Contrary to the original plans, elements of the previous buildings were integrated. Inside, the so-called miner's room is remarkable with rich paintings that were only rediscovered in the middle of the 20th century.
Further secular buildings in Annaberg
- Wilder Mann House : The building on the market square is one of the oldest houses in the city and dates back to 1507. A late Gothic wooden beam ceiling and a cell star vault on the ground floor date from this period . For centuries the house was used as a restaurant and later as a hotel.
- House Markt 2 with a coat of arms of the Apian-Bennewitz family
- House Markt 3 : The building was originally built in 1519, the vaults and outer walls have been preserved from this time. Since 1638 it has housed a pharmacy that has existed in the city since 1508.
- Erzhammer : The former hotel museum dates from the middle of the 18th century. It was taken over by the Annaberger Museumsgesellschaft in 1819 and supplemented in the same year by a spacious extension with a large ballroom on the upper floor. Since then it has mainly served cultural purposes. From 1948 it was used by the SDAG Wismut , among other things as a clubhouse for miners. The present name comes from this time. Since the 1950s it has been the cultural center of the district and the city of Annaberg-Buchholz.
- City library : The building in Klosterstrasse was built in 1508 as a house by the mining entrepreneur (“Fundgrübner”) Lorenz Pflock and later housed the “Goldene Gans” inn for several centuries. The house has Gothic vaults and a pointed arch portal. The Annaberg Library, founded in 1871, has been housed here since 1935. Since a comprehensive renovation in 2003/04, the entire building has been used by this facility over four floors.
- Today's superintendent was established in 1538 by the wealthy mining entrepreneur of the city of Annaberg, Kaspar Kürschner. For a town house at the time, it was considerable. After Kürschner went bankrupt, it was acquired by the city in 1576 and has been used for church purposes ever since.
- The Annaberg city wall was started in 1503 and completed in 1540. It enclosed the entire city over a length of about 2.5 kilometers with five gates , three of which were designed as massive house gates . There were also two gates. A total of 19 defense towers and bastions as well as a moat provided additional protection . After the decline in mining and the associated loss of importance of the city of Annaberg, the wall fell into disrepair. In the 17th century it had collapsed in several places and was only poorly repaired. During the Thirty Years War it did not offer sufficient protection, so that the city surrendered to advancing troops. The gates were regularly locked at night until the beginning of the 19th century. In the course of the industrial revolution from the middle of the 19th century, Annaberg grew far beyond the city walls. Between 1833 and 1842 all city gates were demolished one after the other because they stood in the way of the increasing traffic. Several defense towers were converted into residential buildings. Today around a quarter of the city wall is still preserved. Since the 1990s, individual sections have been extensively restored.
- The festival hall is an event center originally built from wood in 1906 in the Annaberg upper town. It was the setting for exhibitions, receptions and balls. In the 1970s, the building was so dilapidated that it had to be closed by the building authorities. In 1985 the much larger new building was opened, which, with numerous events, developed into a cultural center in the Upper Ore Mountains. After the political change, the festival hall also served as a conference center for a short time, after which it was left to decay until it reopened in August 2012. It now serves as a partially used multi-purpose hall again.
- The Barbara Uthmann fountain was created by the Dresden sculptor Robert Henze in 1886; Henze also created the Adam Ries bust, currently in the park in front of Trinitatis Church, previously on Köselitz Square. Melted down in 1942 for armament purposes, a reconstruction of the monument financed by donations was put back on the Annaberg market square in 2002.
- Post mile pillars and milestones : In the urban area there are two electoral Saxon distance pillars - at the former Bohemian Gate and the former Wolkensteiner Gate , two royal Saxon station stones at the former Wolkensteiner and at the former Buchholzer Tor, a royal Saxon branching stone at the so-called Feldschlösschen (the intersection of the federal highways B. 101 and B 95 ) and a quarter milestone in Saxony .
Further secular buildings in Buchholz
- Former Buchholz town hall : Over the centuries, the Buchholz town council had its seat at various locations. The first Buchholz town hall was located between 1501 and 1609 at the lower end of the town. Between 1638 and 1801, an expanded town house served administrative purposes. After a fire, the town hall was rebuilt in the same place. At its current location on Buchholzer Markt, the Buchholz town hall has been located since 1841 on a former rubble site of the former mining office, the so-called Kurfürstenhaus . This building was rebuilt in 1901 under the direction of Friedrich Wilhelm Peschke (1851-1915). It took into account the growing importance of Buchholz as an industrial city, the associated higher space requirements of the city administration and increased demands for representation. Peschke added a generous storey with a high gable and added a large central tower to the structure. With the union of Annaberg and Buchholz, the house lost its function and has served as an office and administration building ever since.
- Statue of Frederick the Wise on the Buchholz market square
Museums
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Overview
- Adam Ries Museum with the Annaberg arithmetic school
- Ore Mountains Museum with the Im Gößner visitor mine
- Manufacture of dreams
- Carlfriedrich Claus study room
- Museum in the Frohnauer Hammer / mansion
- Markus-Röhling-Stolln visitor mine in the Frohnau district
- Dorothea-Stolln visitor mine in the Cunersdorf district
Frohnauer Hammer
The Frohnauer Hammer is a historic and fully functional hammer mill in the Frohnau district. In 1907 it was declared a technical monument and can be visited ever since. In addition to the actual hammer mill, the museum complex includes an exhibition on forged products and the former hammer mansion .
Theaters and cultural institutions
Eduard-von-Winterstein-Theater
Today's Eduard-von-Winterstein-Theater was officially opened on April 2, 1893 as the first theater in the Ore Mountains with a gala performance of Goethe's Egmont . The title role was played by Eduard von Winterstein , whose name the multi-division house has had since 1981. The theater has 295 seats and a studio stage with up to 50 seats. In 1998 the ensemble of the Eduard von Winterstein Theater was integrated into the Erzgebirgische Theater- und Orchester GmbH, which currently employs 151 people. In the Eduard-von-Winterstein-Theater, five to six new productions per season are worked out on the main stage in the musical theater and drama sections. In addition, productions take place on the studio stage. In addition, the Eduard-von-Winterstein-Theater has played the Greifensteine nature theater with 1200 seats, the culture house in Aue and other detour locations in the Ore Mountains since 1952 .
Old Annaberg Brewery
The Alte Brauerei Annaberg e. V. acts as a socio-cultural youth and cultural center and is also a cultural organizer with a wide range of concerts and cabaret offers.
New consulate
The Lichtfabrik e. V. The new consulate has been running a film culture meeting point and socio-cultural projects at Buchholzer Strasse 57 since August 1st, 2008. The American sales agency for trimmings and decorative textiles from the Ore Mountains has been located in this house since 1879. It was converted into a United States consulate in 1882.
Art cellar
Association for the mediation and promotion of contemporary art and culture, especially by Erzgebirge artists, but also by artists from Germany and abroad in Wilischstraße 11.
Memorials
- Memorial plaque on the rifle house in memory of the Nazi opponents who were mistreated there in 1933 and then handed over to the Nazi injustice justice
- Plaque of 1992 compared with the inn Feldschlößchen commemorating the death march of 400 predominantly French concentration camp prisoners from the central warehouse in New Staßfurt of the Buchenwald concentration camp , were driven in April 1945 to Annaberg and of which only 65 survived
- Soviet war memorial and graves in the old cemetery of the Red Army , Soviet prisoners of war , and men and women who are deported during the Second World War to Germany and victims of forced labor were
- Cenotaph from 1949 in the same cemetery for the victims of fascism and the resistance fighters against fascism
- Jewish grove of honor from 1957 on the Neuer Friedhof , Dresdner Straße, in memory of the expelled Jewish community and the destruction of the Jewish cemetery by the Nazi regime and in memory of the victims of the Shoah
- Memorial stone on Klosterstrasse in memory of the victims of the GDR dictatorship and the fall of the Berlin Wall
Parks and natural monuments
- City park with Trinity Church, Adam Ries bust, Barbara Uthmann grave monument and resurrection linden tree
- Waldschlösschenpark Buchholz with Parkhotel, pond and park stage
- City park on the Pöhlberg with animal enclosure, children's playground and restaurant
- Pöhlberg with animal enclosure, observation tower and basalt formation butter barrels
- Schreckberg with tower ruins
Sports
- The multi-purpose sports hall Silberlandhalle has 1400 m² floor space and up to 1300 seats. It is used for club sports and for events such as concerts.
- Kurt Löser sports field (until 1990 "Kampfbahn"), football and multi-purpose sports field with 8000 m² lawn area and 250 seats, completely overhauled and expanded in 2008, named after the Annaberg anti-fascist Kurt Löser .
- Wheelchair dance is supported by the Christian Physically Disabled Association and his friends Annaberg e. V. offered.
Regular events
- An annual highlight in early summer is the largest folk festival in the region, the Annaberger Kät .
- Every two years in August, the monastery festival takes place in the ruins of the Franciscan monastery Annaberg .
- The mountain and hammer festival is held every five years in the Frohnau district ( Frohnauer Hammer ).
- The Annaberg Christmas Market is known nationwide and always ends on the fourth Advent with one of the world's largest mountain parades .
- Since 2010 there has been an annual nationwide mobilized "silent march for life" organized by Christian actors by mostly Christian-motivated anti- abortion opponents, in the context of which there have always been counter-protests in recent years. In 2016, the organizers produced a video film that was uploaded to Youtube and Vimeo.
Culinary specialties
Churches and religious communities
-
Evangelical Lutheran parish Annaberg-Buchholz
- St. Anne's Church
- St. Marien mountain church
- St. Katharinen Church in Buchholz
- Cemetery church in Buchholz
- Hospital Church of St. Trinity
- Martin Luther Church in Kleinrückerswalde
- House of Hope
- Martin Luther Church in Cunersdorf
- Church in Geyersdorf
- Regional church community in Annaberg
- Regional church community in Buchholz
- Lutheran confessional community Annaberg-Buchholz
- Methodist Church
- Seventh-day Adventist Free Church
- Free Church Pentecostal Church Annaberg
- New Apostolic Church Community Annaberg-Buchholz
- Annaberg Parish of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons)
- Community in Christ Jesus (Lorenzians)
- Catholic Parish Church of the Holy Cross (Deanery Chemnitz, Diocese of Dresden-Meißen )
economy
Established businesses
Traditional branches of the economy are textile production, which has its roots in the late Middle Ages, metal, paper and wood processing and the toy industry . After the political changes in 1989/90, industry and manufacturing fell sharply. Nevertheless, the region has one of the highest industrial densities (jobs in manufacturing) in Saxony. The automotive supplier industry and the service industry, especially tourism , are showing positive development trends . Annaberg-Buchholz is one of the most important tourist destinations in Saxony , especially in the run-up to Christmas.
| Major employers | Employee | Note / evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Annaberger Backwaren GmbH | 172 | |
| Roscher bakery | 265 | |
| Gotthard Rebentisch construction business | 50 | |
| Federal agency for work | 310 | Headquarters of the agency district |
| elektrobau Annaberg GmbH | 70 | |
| Erzgebirgische Theater- und Orchester GmbH | 163 | |
| Erzgebirge Clinic | 510 | |
| Erzgebirgssparkasse | 860 | Total employees |
| Evangelical school community Erzgebirge | 75 | |
| Tax office | 100 | |
| Handtmann light metal foundry Annaberg | 370 | |
| Institute for the Training of Young People gGmbH (IAJ) | 130 | |
| Industrial and sealing technology (IDT), Werk Kupferring GmbH | 130 | |
| IVB Umwelttechnik GmbH | 127 | |
| Obererzgebirge trimmings and effects works ( OPEW ) | 50 | Trimmings industry |
| Regional traffic Erzgebirge | 664 | Total employees; Operator of regional transport in the Erzgebirge district; |
| reifra Kunststofftechnik GmbH | 32 | |
| Rodag Food GmbH | 60-80 | formerly Omnifood; Food industry; |
| Ruther & Einenkel | 66 | Trimmings industry |
| Schönfelder Papierfabrik GmbH | 100 | |
| Urban cleaning Annaberg GmbH | 65 | |
| City administration Annaberg-Buchholz | 270 | |
| Stadtwerke Annaberg-Buchholz | 156 | |
| Technical building equipment Annaberg GmbH | 45 | |
| Erzgebirge Economic Development Corporation | 30th | |
| Residential and care center Annaberg-Buchholz | 264 |
media
In Annaberg-Buchholz a local edition of the Chemnitz daily Freie Presse appears with a local editorial office in the city. The Erzgebirgs Rundschau advertising paper is also edited in Annaberg. In addition, the Saxon city radio Radio Erzgebirge from BCS Broadcast Sachsen GmbH & Co. KG has a local studio. The WochenSpiegel for the Ore Mountains with its regional edition of the former district of Annaberg is created on the market. The online newspaper Annaberger Wochenblatt has been published since December 18, 2011 . Annaberg-Buchholz owns a private television channel that is broadcast via the TV cable network: AB TV .
Infrastructure and traffic
Trunk roads
Annaberg-Buchholz is on the B 95 and the B 101 . The nearest motorway junction on the A 72 , Stollberg-West , is approx. 25 kilometers away. A high-performance feeder has been built here since the mid-1990s.
Annaberg-Buchholz is also located on the first Saxon holiday route, the Silberstraße , which is a historical traffic route .
railroad
There has been a rail connection to Chemnitz since 1866, the so-called Zschopautalbahn , which continues on the Vejprty – Annaberg-Buchholz railway line to Cranzahl and Bärenstein , where it connects to the narrow-gauge Fichtelberg Railway (at Cranzahl station ) or to the Czech Republic (at Vejprty border station ) Has. Since the renovation of the line, it has been operated by the Erzgebirgsbahn , a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn . The trains stop at the Annaberg-Buchholz lower station . There are also the Annaberg-Buchholz Mitte stop and the Annaberg-Buchholz Süd train station . The RB 80 Chemnitz – Annaberg-Buchholz – Cranzahl line runs hourly on the Zschopautalbahn .
The trains on the Annaberg-Buchholz-Schwarzenberg railway also stopped at these three stations until they were closed in 1997 . Since 2009, the route has been used on individual weekends in the summer half-year as an Ore Mountains observation train for tourist excursions. The responsible railway company is the Verein Sächsischer Eisenbahnfreunde eV
Until it was closed on December 31, 1994, there was an upper station on the Königswalde – Annaberg railway line . In the last 30 years of its existence, this was a pure freight route. It established the railway connection for numerous industrial companies in the area of the B 95, the eastern Annaberg.
Annaberg-Buchholz Süd station, 2016
Annaberg-Buchholz Mitte stop, 2016
Annaberg-Buchholz, Unterer Bahnhof
Site of the former upper station Annaberg-Buchholz
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air traffic
The nearest airfield is in Chemnitz / Jahnsdorf (28 km). The closest airports with scheduled traffic are Karlsbad (CR) (60 km), Dresden (103 km), Prague (118 km) and Leipzig / Halle (131 km).
Local public transport (ÖPNV)
RVE Regionalverkehr Erzgebirge GmbH, based in Annaberg-Buchholz, operates a total of seven city bus routes in the city. Regional bus routes connect Annaberg-Buchholz with the region as well as with Chemnitz , Dresden and Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad / Czech Republic).
- Bus transport
| line | Course of the journey |
|---|---|
| T-400 | Annaberg-Buchholz - Freiberg - Grillenburg - Dresden |
| T-411 | Annaberg-Buchholz - Bärenstein - Oberwiesenthal |
education
Just two years after the city was founded, the first Latin school was mentioned in 1498. Adam Ries’s arithmetic school , which he ran in his home in the middle of the 16th century, is also known. The location above the St. Anne's Church has a particularly long tradition. The first school building was erected there in 1549, which was repeatedly rebuilt and rebuilt in the following centuries. The current building dates from 1795. In 1837 a second school building was erected immediately next to it and in 1882 extensively expanded. The entire complex was converted into the Adam Ries Education Center by 2010 , which combines elementary and high school with all-day offers.
In 1872 a new building was built for the secondary school in Münzgasse, and in 1894 a second public school in today's Pestalozzistraße (now St. Annen's district high school). In 1900 the new teachers 'seminar, designed by the architect Conrad Canzler under the then director Ernst Schwerdtner, was opened (from 1925 a higher girls' school, after 1945 a hospital, today the Evangelical School Community of the Erzgebirge).
The towns of Annaberg and Buchholz developed into centers of the trimmings industry in the 19th century. The Passamentenfachschule was founded in 1858 and in 1909 a spacious new building was built in today's Straße der Einheit. The vocational school center for technology, nutrition and economics is located there.
Elementary schools
- Elementary school in the Adam Ries education center
- Elementary school Friedrich Froebel
- Primary school Kleinrückerswalde
- Primary school at the giant castle
- Maria Montessori primary school
High schools
- Secondary school in the Adam Ries education center
- JH Pestalozzi High School
- Montessori high school in the Evangelical School Community of Erzgebirge
High schools
- District high school St. Annen
- Evangelical school community Erzgebirge
- Vocational high school for economics
Vocational schools
- Vocational school center for technology, nutrition and business
- Institute for the Training of Young People gGmbH
- Free schools Annaberg of the ASG - Recognized School Society mbH
Personalities
Due to the long mining tradition and the associated role of Annaberg as a mining metropolis of the early modern era, the city attracted numerous scholars during this period. Particularly noteworthy are Adam Ries and Johannes Rivius . Among the town's sons and daughters were Barbara Uthmann (1514–1575), a German entrepreneur, Christian Felix Weisse (1726–1804), the founder of German children's and youth literature, the composer and writer Heinrich Köselitz (alias Peter Gast; 1854 –1918) and the artist Carlfriedrich Claus (1930–1998) gained national fame.
Documentary film
- 2017: Christmas wonder city: Annaberg - Buchholz, documentary film production, screenplay and director: Heike Bittner
literature
- From Annaberg to Oberwiesenthal (= values of the German homeland . Volume 13). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1968.
- Annaberg . In: Max Grohmann : The Upper Ore Mountains and its Cities , Graser, Annaberg 1903, pp. 3–182
- The free mountain town of St. Annaberg , reprint from the work Sächsische Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler , Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz Dresden 1933
- Max Grohamnn: Festschrift for the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Annaberg 1496–1896 . Schreiber, Annaberg 1896 ( digitized version )
- Guide through the city of Annaberg i. Erzgeb. and their surroundings. Dedicated to locals and foreigners by the Erzgebirgsverein Annaberg , commissioned by Grasers Verlag (Rich. Liesche). Annaberg 1908
- Annaberg and surroundings history association announcements . Graeser, Annaberg 1885ff. (several volumes) ( digitized version )
- Administrative reports of the Annaberg City Council . Annaberg 1885ff. ( Digitized version )
- Anonymous: The Electoral Saxon. freye mining town St. Annabergk ... Chronical records of Annaberg and the mine. Forays through the history of the Upper Ore Mountains. Issue 30. Annaberg-Buchholz 1995. (Copy of the "Annaberger Chronik 1646" by Michael Zirolt, edited by Helmut Unger ) Download (pdf 147 kB) ( Memento from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- Georg Arnold: Chronicon Annabergense Continuatum , Anno 1658, reprint edition of the first German-language chronicle of the city of Annaberg in the Erzgebirge, Verlag v. Elterlein, ISBN 3-9800565-9-7
- Johannes Bernhard Ficker: Annaberg from 1843 to 1868. A contribution to the history of this city . Annaberg 1868 ( digitized version )
- Manfred Riesche (Ed.): Festschrift for the 500th anniversary of the founding of the city of Annaberg. Verlag Erzgebirgs Rundschau, Annaberg-Buchholz 1996 (with articles by Bernd Schreiter, Dr. Lothar Klapper, Peter Rochhaus and others).
- Adam Daniel Richter: Chronica of the freyen mountain town St. Annaberg. Vol. 1 and 2, Annaberg 1746/48 ( digitized version )
- Richard Steche : Annaberg. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 4th booklet: Official Authority Annaberg . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1885, p. 3.
- Helmut Unger (arrangement): Annaberg-Buchholz. The cityscape in the mirror of graphic representations from four centuries. Ed .: Erzgebirgsmuseum Annaberg-Buchholz, Issue 1, Annaberg-Buchholz 1979
Web links
- Official website of the city of Annaberg-Buchholz
- Annaberg, S. Anneberg or Annäberg. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 2, Leipzig 1732, column 378 f.
- Annaberg-Buchholz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Literature on Annaberg-Buchholz in the Saxon Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ City policy page from the official website of the city of Annaberg-Buchholz , accessed on December 18, 2015.
- ↑ a b c List of city council members including the name of the parliamentary group ( Memento of December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on December 18, 2015, the exact names of the groups can be found in it
- ↑ Falk Bretschneider: The unbearable power of truth. Magic and early enlightenment in Annaberg (1712–1720) , Aichach: Schwarten 2001
- ^ Heinrich Magirius in Fates of German Architectural Monuments in World War II . Edited by Götz Eckardt, Henschel-Verlag, Berlin 1978. Volume 2, p. 451
- ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1998
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
- ↑ https://www.wahlen.sachsen.de/Erresult_GR19.php?landkreis=14521&gemeinde=14521020&_ptabs=%7B%22%23tab-stimmengabe%22%3A1%7D
- ↑ http://www2.annaberg-buchholz.de/SRW2014/
- ↑ Allocation of seats after the 2019 city council elections on annaberg-buchholz.de, accessed on June 1, 2019
- ↑ Website of the Free Voters Erzgebirge accessed on December 18, 2015, in which it can be seen that part of it was the Free Voters Citizens' Forum Landkreis Annaberg e. V. (FWBF)
- ^ City council - town hall - large district town Annaberg-Buchholz. Retrieved September 19, 2019 .
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Annaberg-Buchholz, § 2. (PDF; 75 kB) Retrieved on October 16, 2014 .
- ^ Homepage of the regional management of the Erzgebirge , accessed on March 16, 2015
- ↑ http://www.adam-ries-museum.de/
- ↑ ckv annaberg wheelchair dance , accessed on December 9, 2011
- ↑ https://www.bundesverband-lebensrecht.de/schweigemarsch-fuer-das-leben/
- ↑ https://schweigemarsch-stoppen.de/
- ↑ https://www.annaberger-backwaren.de/stellenvor.cfm
- ↑ http://www.baeckerei-roscher.de/unternehmen/philosophie/
- ↑ http://www.gotthard-rebentisch.de/index.php?men=1
- ^ Organization - www.arbeitsagentur.de. Retrieved September 12, 2018 .
- ↑ Welcome to elektrobau Annaberg GmbH ( Memento from June 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from July 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Team - Protestant school community Ore. Accessed October 4, 2019 (German).
- ↑ http://www.freipresse.de/LOKALES/ERZGEBIRGE/STOLLBERG/2020-soll-Stollberger-Finanzamt-fuer-immer-lossen-haben-artikel9281540.php
- ↑ Handtmann Leichtmetallgießerei Annaberg GmbH ( Memento from December 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Balance sheet for the 2012 financial year from June 28, 2013, accessed on November 20, 2014 at http://www.bundesanzeiger.de/
- ↑ Balance sheet for the 2012 financial year from June 1, 2013, accessed on April 15, 2014 at http://www.bundesanzeiger.de/
- ↑ Balance sheet for the 2012 financial year from March 4, 2013, accessed on June 4, 2014 at http://www.bundesanzeiger.de/
- ↑ http://www.rve.de/rve/unternehmen/
- ↑ http://www.reifra.de/
- ↑ http://www.rodagfood.de/de/seite/uber-uns.html
- ↑ http://www.schoenfelder-papierfabrik.de/index.php?page=Mitarbeiter&lang=DE
- ↑ http://www.sta-ana.de/cms/index.php/unternehmen
- ↑ http://www.annaberg-buchholz.de/de/rathaus/stadtverwaltung.php
- ↑ Public utilities invest more than they have for a long time. Freiepresse.de from February 22, 2018, accessed on June 12, 2019
- ↑ http://www.tga-annaberg.de/unternehmen.htm
- ↑ http://www.wfe-erzgebirge.de/de/Ueber_uns_1288.html
- ↑ Balance sheet for the 2012 financial year from May 9, 2013, accessed on June 4, 2014 at http://www.bundesanzeiger.de/
- ^ Info page of the Saxon State Media Authority on the AB-TV station ( memo from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on December 18, 2015
- ^ Website of the broadcaster AB-TV , accessed on December 18, 2015.
- ^ Association of Sächsischer Eisenbahnfreunde e. V .: Erzgebirgische Aussichtsbahn ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ DNB 550520716
Amtsberg | Annaberg-Buchholz | Aue-Bad Schlema | Auerbach | Bear Stone | Bockau | Börnichen / Erzgeb. | Breitenbrunn / Erzgeb. | Burkhardtsdorf | Crottendorf | Deutschneudorf | Drebach | Ehrenfriedersdorf | Eibenstock | Parents | Gelenau / Erzgeb. | Geyer | Gornau / Erzgeb. | Gornsdorf | Großolbersdorf | Großrückerswalde | Grünhain-Beierfeld | Grünhainichen | Heidersdorf | Hohndorf | Jahnsdorf / Erzgeb. | Johanngeorgenstadt | Jöhstadt | Königswalde | Lauter-Bernsbach | Loessnitz | Lugau | Marienberg | Mildenau | Neukirchen / Erzgeb. | Niederdorf | Niederwürschnitz | Oberwiesenthal | Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. | Olbernhau | Pockau-Lengefeld | Raschau-Markersbach | Scheibenberg | Schlettau | Schneeberg | Schönheide | Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. | Sehmatal | Seiffen / Erzgeb. | Stollberg / Erzgeb. | Column green | Tannenberg | Thalheim / Erzgeb. | Thermal bath Wiesenbad | Thum | Selva | Zschopau | Zschorlau | Zwönitz
Annaberg | Buchholz | Cunersdorf | Frohnau | Geyersdorf | Kleinrückerswalde
Germany:
Mining landscape Altenberg – Zinnwald (with ashtrench ) |
Montanlandschaft Annaberg-Frohnau (with old town of Annaberg , Frohnauer Hammer ) |
Mining landscape Buchholz |
Medieval silver mines Dippoldiswalde |
Mining landscape Ehrenfriedersdorf |
Eibenstock mining landscape |
Mining landscape Freiberg (with old murder pit , Drei-Brüder-Schacht , ore canal , hut complex Halsbrücke , hut complex Muldenhütten , Revierwasserlaufanstalt , Rotem Graben , Rothschönberger Stolln ) |
Saigerhüttenkomplex Grünthal |
High forest mining landscape | Administrative headquarters Lauenstein |
Mining landscape Lauta | Bergstadt Marienberg | Mining landscape Pöhlberg | Mining landscape of Roter Berg |
Schindler's blue paintwork |
Montanlandschaft Schneeberg (with felt pond , old town of Schneeberg , ore processing plants Siebenschlehen , treasure trove St. Anna am Freudenstein , treasure trove Wolfgang Maaßen ) |
Mining landscape for uranium ore mining (with shaft complex 371 )
Czech Republic:
Montane cultural landscape Abertamy - Boží Dar - Horní Blatná (with mine Mauritius , Plattner artificial moat , Wolfspinge ) |
Jáchymov mountain cultural landscape (with Freudenstein Castle , Svornost mine and tunnel no. 1 ) |
Montane cultural landscape Krupka (with Krupka Castle ) |
Vrch Medník Mining Landscape |
Red Tower of Death