Mountain parade
The mountain parade , in some places where ores were and are smelted, also known as the mountain and smelter parade , served and serves as a public representative representation of a community or corporation whose working life is connected with mining and metallurgy . It takes place at celebratory highlights (also as a protest elevator to fight for the end of abuses). The mountain parade is a special form of the elevator in which people march past high-ranking personalities or which is organized for high-ranking personalities.
The tradition of mountain parades and mountain lifts in Saxony, which dates back to the Middle Ages , has been recognized as intangible cultural heritage in Germany. The German UNESCO Commission included mountain parades and mountain lifts in Saxony in the nationwide register of intangible cultural heritage in December 2016 .
history
This tradition originated in the Saxon Ore Mountains . It has been and is carried out differently over the centuries. The costume of the miners and huts was replaced by a mountain habit , which was often changed. With the introduction of the rank classes, the district colors and other regulations, the clothing of the Saxon miners and smelters took on a uniform-like character from 1768 and was called uniform from this time on . Structure, marching order and occasion as well as the number of participants were and are different and moved between 100 and 3000 participants who were recruited from mining, metallurgy or both.
The structure was also never uniform. The number of mining officials and officers , hunters or smelters involved (in Freiberg also officials from the Mining Authority and mining students ) depended on the importance of the parades. The size of the divisions fluctuated between 16 and 48, almost always in rows of 4 (less often 3, 6 or 8) men. The number of flags carried, artfully prepared mining and smeltering tools and the participating officers on horseback varied. The size of the parades depended on how many mountain bands participated.
The mountain parade also found its way into art, where paintings , carvings and castings were designed with their motifs .
Mountain parades today
Today , mountain parades take place in the following cities on various occasions, such as Christmas markets , folk and city festivals and other anniversaries :
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Germany
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Saxony
- Schneeberg , on July 22nd on Mountain Struggle Day
- Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. , on the Saturday before the 1st Advent; on September 9, 2018 on the occasion of the first mountain festival
- Seiffen , on the Saturday before the 1st Advent, with "living toys"
- Zwönitz , on the Saturday before the 1st Advent at the start of the Hutzentage
- Thum , on the 1st of Advent
- Aue , on the 1st of Advent
- Chemnitz , on the Saturday before the 1st Advent
- Freiberg , on the Saturday before the 2nd Advent " Mettenschicht "
- Brand-Erbisdorf , on the 2nd Advent
- Schneeberg, on the 2nd Advent
- Seiffen , on the Saturday before the 3rd Advent, with "living toys"
- Stollberg , on the Saturday before the 3rd Advent
- Zwickau , on the Saturday before the 3rd Advent
- Schwarzenberg , on the Saturday before the 3rd Advent
- Lößnitz , on the 3rd Advent
- Marienberg , on the 3rd Advent
- Olbernhau , on the 3rd Advent
- Dresden , on the Saturday before the 4th Advent for the festival of lights on the Striezelmarkt
- Geyer , on the 4th Advent
- Annaberg-Buchholz , on the 4th Advent, largest mountain parade in Germany
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North Rhine-Westphalia
- Bochum , German Mining Museum , Bochum Knappentag
- Lower Saxony
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Rhineland-Palatinate
- Fell (Moselle)
- Thomm (near Trier)
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Saxony-Anhalt
- Bad Suderode , on the 2nd Advent
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Saxony
literature
- Vocational school for tourism Chemnitz (Ed.): Mountain parades in the Saxon Ore Mountains. Publication series Erzgebirgische Volkskunst, Vol. 10. Husum Verlag, Husum 2000, ISBN 978-3-88042-964-2
Web links
- Current calendar of events for the mountain parades , website of the Saxon State Association of Miners, Huts and Miners' Associations. V.
- Bergparade , website of the historical Freiberg miners and huts miners' association. V.
- Mountain elevators from past years (2001 - 2015) , website of the Saxon State Association of Miners, Huts and Miners' Associations. V.
- 8 videos from the Christmas mountain parade Seiffen 2006
- Mountain parades in Fell and Thomm , text, images, video
- Historical pictures of the mountain parade near Dresden in 1736 or 1738
Individual evidence
- ^ Mountain parades and mountain lifts in Saxony. German Unesco Commission, accessed on February 27, 2017 .