Siebenschlehener stamp mill

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General view of the museum
ensemble Siebenschlehener Pochwerk

From left: white building = cobalt chambers, dark wooden houses in front of it = storage room , large building with half-timbered lower part = riser or main house

The Siebenschlehner Pochwerk is a listed stamp mill in the Schneeberg district of Neustädtel ( Saxon Erzgebirgskreis ). It was an essential working tool for processing the cobalt , silver and nickel ores found and mined in this area of ​​the Ore Mountains .

history

Information board Siebenschlehener Pochwerk
Knappschaftsteich with Siebenschlehener stamping mill
150 year old pounding wave from the former Danieler Pochwerk

Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the Neustädtler Revier was an important site for cobalt ore, from which safflower and, from the 17th century, cobalt blue for the surface refinement of porcelain and ceramics as well as for dyeing glasses were made. The Siebenschlehn mine ( 50 ° 34 ′ 33.7 ″  N , 12 ° 37 ′ 4.6 ″  E ) brought out the first silver in the Trinity quarter of 1496 with 11 marks and 7 lots. Between 1496 and 1512 the mine delivered 146 marks and 2 lots (270 kg) of silver. The last issue dates from the Crucis quarter 1512 with 3 marks and 4 lots of silver. Yield was never paid. This made it one of the smaller pits in the Schneeberg mountain area. With the use of cobalt it rose to the more important mines. The first application of 131  buckets of cobalt appears in a statement dated March 25, 1620.

The Siebenschlehner Pochwerk processed the cobalt ore from several Neustadt mines. The ores from the various pits were stored separately in the cobalt chamber.

After Vorscheiden the ore was in the stamp mill to a particle diameter of 3-5  mm crushed. The stamps were driven by an artificial wheel four meters in diameter.

The stamp mill supervised the stamp mill, who lived with his family directly above the enclosed stamp mill. It was not until 1830 that the stamp mill and the living area were given two separate houses.

In 1752/53 the system was replaced by a new, larger and more modern stamping mill for around 800  thalers . The ore was pounded both in the dry state and by sludging with water: the dry or wet processing. The poached goods were then washed on stoves. Initially a Glauch stove was used , and after 1781 a long- pusher stove .

Because of the decreasing cobalt content, the operators undertook several technical renovations, for example in the years 1816/1817, 1850–1852, 1872, 1893. The water wheel used first was replaced in 1852 by two larger ones, each six meters in diameter.

The Pochwerk received its impact water via a 600 m long artificial ditch from the Untere Lindenauer Teich ( Meyerteich ) in the Lindenauer Valley, from which a second Pochwerk, the partner Pochwerk directly above the Siebenschlehener Pochwerk, was initially driven. The amount of water and thus the work intensity were strongly dependent on the season, so that in 1838 a small artificial pond called the New Pond or Knappschaftsteich was created for more even work . A smaller pond was already available for this purpose in 1684.

The inflation and falling commodity prices for nickel, bismuth and cobalt as well as the rising costs brought the Schneeberger mining in 1924, an almost complete standstill. The stamping mill was shut down in 1929. Only the self-sufficiency efforts of the German Reich and state-supported raw material prices helped the Schneeberg mining industry to regain a certain upswing from 1935 onwards. In 1942 the Siebenschlehner stamping mill was put back into operation, because non-ferrous metal ores were part of the war requirements. At the end of the Second World War , the Weißer Hirsch , Beust , Neujahr and Schrotschacht pits were still in operation in the Schneeberger Revier .

After 1945, uranium ore was processed in the stamping works for a short time , which the newly founded Wismut AG promoted for the Soviet nuclear program.

The Schneeberg city administration has been looking after the building fabric of the stamping mill and the houses since 1990 . The ensemble was gradually transformed into a technical museum and the buildings were extensively reconstructed. Since 1995 the stamp mill has been part of the mining museum of the city of Schneeberg. Among other things, visitors can learn about the history of cobalt mining in the Schneeberg-Neustädtler mountain area in a permanent exhibition. You can take a short journey through time as a circular hike on the approximately eight kilometer-long Schneeberg-Neustädtler mining nature trail. In the summer months there are guided tours by appointment.

The entire technical system was completely renewed between 2013 and 2015, the water wheel was completely replaced and the water supply in the area was regenerated. Furthermore, the floor in the working area of ​​the Pochstuhl had to be replaced and repairs carried out on the wheel room. The entire renovation cost around 40,000 euros .

description

The Pochwerksensemble is located in the Neustädtel district about three kilometers from the center of Schneeberg on the Knappschaftsbach in Lindenauer Grund , access at Lindenauer Straße 22.

The Steigerhaus is a three-storey residential building with a half-timbered ground floor in the suggested ambient style with a slate-covered pent roof and dormers built into it . It has been rebuilt several times over the centuries; its core structure dates from the mid-19th century. The aforementioned permanent exhibition can be seen in the former living area on the first floor.

The stamping mill building contains a functioning overshot water wheel in a wheel room from the 19th century that drives the wooden camshaft that acts on seven stamping mills. The wooden stamps weigh about 4 hundredweight each and wear iron stamp shoes. The items to be punched are then washed on the shock cookers. The steak is then filled into barrels and brought to the hut.

The monument area also includes two wooden extensions (cobalt chambers) on field stone substructures, the Pochwerkskunstgraben - a wooden canal with a rectangular cross-section - the Knappschaftsteich with its floodlight, a pond dam, an overflow with a weft section and the bottom outlet with a mouth hole.

In the immediate vicinity of the Siebenschlehen stamp factory is the St. Georgen silver smelter , which was first mentioned in 1665. The silver was smelted in brick shaft furnaces , as described by Georgius Agricola in De re metallica .

gallery

  • Pochsteigerhaus

  • Cobalt chambers

  • Main house

  • Rash

  • Service race

  • Punch wheel

  • Pochwelle with "Heblingen" (cones)

  • Stamp

  • Sieve

Web links

Commons : Siebenschlehener Pochwerk  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Siebenschlehener Pochwerk. In: The mining landscape of our homeland. cvjm-sn.de, accessed on November 6, 2017 (with a brief description and several detailed photos).
  2. ↑ Dresden State Archives, 10036 Financial Archives, No. 4021a p. 5.
  3. ↑ Glauchherd. In: German dictionary. Retrieved on November 6, 2017 : “A washing stove for sludging the pounded ore […] glauchherd is like a flat stove; His boards have to be joined to one another and smooth, one uses such a thing without planning, to wash the battered sludge over it, to sweep away, and to clean up the matter, so waned from the plans "
  4. ↑ Siebenschlehener Pochwerk opens its doors tomorrow. In: blick.de. April 17, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2017 .
  5. ↑ The new water wheel on youtube.com (39 seconds)
  6. ↑ Annett Poltsch: The demonstration system in the Siebenschlehen stamp mill is back in operation. Radio Zwickau , April 21, 2014, accessed on November 6, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Extract from the history of the Sankt Georgen silver smelter

Coordinates: 50 ° 35 ′ 15 "  N , 12 ° 37 ′ 32.3"  E