Neustädtel (Schneeberg)
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Neustädtel
City of Schneeberg
Coordinates: 50 ° 35 ′ 2 ″ N , 12 ° 38 ′ 8 ″ E
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| Residents : | 5158 (1939) | |
| Incorporation : | 1939 | |
| Postal code : | 08289 | |
| Area code : | 03772 | |
Location of Neustädtel in Saxony |
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 View over the Neustädtel district with the church
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Neustädtel is a formerly independent mountain town in the Saxon Ore Mountains . In 1939 Neustädtel was incorporated into the neighboring mountain town of Schneeberg , which is part of the Erzgebirgskreis , which was newly formed in 2008 . Neustädtel includes the residential areas Wolfgangmaßen and Am Sommerberg. The historic city center of Neustadt with the former market square stretches along Karlsbader Strasse, roughly between Kobaltstrasse and Marienstrasse.
geography
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Neustädtel is located in the upper Western Ore Mountains . The highest point is the Gleesberg (583 meters). The oldest settlement center called Scheibe is located in the upper part of the village near the city pond. There are numerous treasure troves in and around Neustädtel . In the south, the Filzteich is worth mentioning, one of the oldest dams in Saxony. During the GDR era, the district of Wolfgangmaßen received several new apartment blocks. After the fall of the Wall in 1990, the settlements An der Himmelfahrt and Am Sommerberg were established . In the lower part of the village, the Lindenauer Bach was dammed near the Siebenschlehener Pochwerkes to form the Knappschaftsteich.
Neighboring communities
| Schneeberg (Ore Mountains) | ||
| Lindenau |
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Neudörfel |
| Hartmannsdorf near Kirchberg | Zschorlau |
history
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Development from the 12th century to the 19th century
The oldest district of Scheibe developed from a forest hoof village at the end of the 12th century , at the same time as the neighboring towns of Zschorlau, Lindenau and Griesbach.
The revival of Neustädtel is closely connected with the emerging mining (attested since 1378) for tin , copper and silver in the 14th century. In 1413, the Church of Our Lady was first mentioned as a parish church. A document in 1445 names the city “ Stettlin ”, in 1454 it was described as the “ Nuwestetel ” with “sensual dishes, zeenenwerke, kirchlehn, tichen, wassern, wasserloufften”. When miners found rich silver deposits on the neighboring Schneeberg in 1471, Neustädtel also developed rapidly. In 1474 Neustädtel was granted city rights. When Leipzig was divided in 1485, Neustädtel remained in the joint ownership of the Albertines and Ernestines .
On October 31, 1518, a year after Martin Luther posted his theses in Wittenberg, the first Protestant service in the Electorate of Saxony took place in the little mountain church of St. Anna in the Hohe Gebirge near the Daniel Fundgrube . Neustädtel has had a Protestant pastor since 1526. In the same year the first local school was founded.
Until 1562 Neustädtel belonged to the manor Wiesenburg , in 1563 Elector August also bought Neustädtel from the family of the nobles von der Planitz , and the office of Schwarzenberg came about . In 1652 a major fire destroyed the church and many houses in the village.
In the 16th century the Neustädtler was cobalt field of the world's largest location for cobalt ores. The first print shop in the Western Ore Mountains was established in Neustädtel in 1635.
City fires in 1832, 1836 and 1843 destroyed many buildings from ancient times, but not Bergfreiheit houses , mining houses and stamp mills that stood outside the inner city.
In 1847 the region's first savings bank was opened in Neustädtel. Industrialization began in Neustädtel in the 19th century with the construction and commissioning of several factories. In 1859 the town with the neighboring town of Schneeberg was connected to the railway network by the Schlematalbahn . Neustädtel always remained a terminus, as an extension to the Vogtland required for economic development was rejected by the Saxon State Ministry. The connection to Oberschlema was discontinued in 1952 due to mining subsidence in what was then the Radiumbad Oberschlema.
In 1863 the community of Mühlberg was incorporated. Between 1874 and 1878 Wilhelm Liebknecht and 1889 August Bebel spoke in the former workers' pub, Grüne Laube on Mühlberg, where the social democratic electoral association was founded in 1890 .
From the 20th century
In 1939 the previously independent town was forcibly incorporated into Schneeberg.
Between 1946 and 1957, Wismut AG / SDAG Wismut operated uranium mining in Neustädtel . In the 1950s, a mining settlement with a small chapel was built in Wolfgangmaßen . After the urban district of Schneeberg was dissolved in 1958, barracks for the National People's Army were built in the urban area ; the wooden chapel found a new place in Auerhammer .
In 2008 the Jägerkaserne in Wolfgangmaßen had to close for good , despite numerous protests.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the mountain town Neustädtel has its origins in mining. The “New Stedtlin” developed from the settlement of Scheibe through tin mining. The pewter was washed out ( soaping ) with the two tools that can be found in the Neustadt coat of arms: the lifting hoe and the pewter rake .
Population development
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Religions and church buildings
- Evangelical Lutheran parish with the Church To our dear women .
- The first Neustadt church, Zur miserable Maria, was located on Marienstraße. After this house of God was demolished in 1533, the altar was stored in the Church of Our Lady and found a new location in Plauen's main church, the Johanniskirche , in 1959 .
- The church building was built in the late Gothic period. It was the spiritual center of the region from the 15th century. The interior is from the baroque era. Worth seeing are the pulpit, the organ prospect and the pulpit carrier Krauss handicrafts carved by Ernst Kaltofen . The church also houses one of three casts of an underground place of worship from early mining that was discovered in 1987.
- The residents of Schneeberg were parish in the Neustadt church until 1474. The church in Zschorlau was a branch church of Neustädtel until 1546 and the church in Griesbach until 1857. Lindenau is still the parish village of Neustädtel today. In addition, the residents of Neudörfel were parish to Neustädtel until they were repared into the local Nikolaigemeinde through the incorporation of Auerhammer into the city of Aue in 1930 .
- In 1952, the newly established Wolfgangmaßen mining settlement received a wooden church barrack of the Haus der Kirche type from Otto Bartning 's emergency church program ( Bartning emergency church , type D), which was converted to Auerhammer when the settlement was converted into barracks in 1959. Until the inauguration of the Church of the Resurrection in Oberschlema in 1952, the barrack served as a replacement church for the old church of Oberschlema in the deformation area.
- Evangelical Methodist parish with the Church of the Redeemer
- Regional Church Community Neustädtel
- Elim parish
Memorials
- A memorial stone at the Filzteich lido commemorates the three opponents of Hitler, Emil Max Haufe , Ernst Georg Enderlein and Richard Alfred Schubert , who were abused by SA men in the Zeisigwald in March 1933 and killed in the gymnastics center of the Workers' Gymnastics and Sports Association and then sunk in the Filztich.
- Graves and memorial stones in the cemetery commemorate eleven children, women and men who fell victim to forced labor in armaments production in 1940 , as well as four victims of the Hitler dictatorship whose name was unknown.
- The St. Anna memorial at the Daniel Fundgrube, inaugurated in 1830, commemorates the 300th anniversary of the proclamation of the Augsburg confession . At the time of the Reformation there was a small church here, in 1518, d. H. one year after the theses were posted at the castle church in Wittenberg, the area's first Lutheran sermon was held.
Other buildings and sights
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- Former Neustädtel town hall, in which the large painting Bergaufzug in the Neustädler mining landscape by the Chemnitz painter Carl Lange hung until 1945
- The Kursächsische Postmileensäule Schneeberg is located at the upper end of the market square of Neustädtel.
- Mining educational trail Schneeberg-Neustädtel , which includes the Siebenschlehener Pochwerk , the hat house of the Fundgrube Gesellschaft and the Filzteich used as a lido. It was created as a water reservoir in the course of mining from 1474 to 1495. In the 1930s it was expanded into a lido.
- Gleesberg Tower , inaugurated in 1898
- Mountain monument at the Schindler shaft made of three granite blocks with a bronze portrait of a miner, a depiction of a mallet and iron above a niche for the pit light and a mountain poem
- Monument to St. Anna near the Daniel treasure trove. It is reminiscent of the Reformation.
- The Pestalozzi House of the Bergstadt Schneeberg Oberschule, built in 1892, was the town hall of Neustädtel until 1939.
- The Walter-Gut half-timbered house on August-Bebel-Strasse and the corner of Lindenauer Strasse is one of the few houses of its kind still in existence.
Culture
- The mining landscape around Schneeberg and Neustädtel forms a core of the desired UNESCO World Heritage cultural and mining landscape of the Erzgebirge , with the Weisser Hirsch treasure trove and the Schneeberg old town including the churches of St. Wolfgang and St. Trinitatis, the town hall, Fürsten-, Schmeil- and Bortenreuther -Haus and in Neustädtel the treasure trove Wolfgang Maaßen , Daniel , Sauschwart and Gesellschaft , the Filzteich and the Siebenschlehener Pochwerk including the Knappschaftsteich are defined as areas worthy of protection.
- As in the entire Ore Mountains, Neustädtel has a rich tradition of carving and lace making . In 1792 a lace school was founded in the city. The Schnitzverein Glückauf Neustädtel has existed since 1908. A carving school that opened in 1920 and still exists is one of the oldest in the Saxony area.
- The Erzgebirgsverein has had its headquarters in Schneeberg again since 1991. It was founded in Aue in 1878 and had its seat in Schneeberg from 1879. A branch is located in the village as the Erzgebirgszweigverein Schneeberg-Neustädtel. Before the unification, the two mining towns each had their own branch association.
- In Neustädtel, Haldensingen has been taking place on the morning of Christmas Day since 1908 at the Rappold Fundgrube. In the summer, summer halftime singing has been carried out in Neustädtel since 1988, during which songs from the Ore Mountains are sung and played.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Christian Friedrich Brendel (1776–1861), mining engineer and machine director
- Richard Franz Friedrich (1848–1916), master builder and initiator of the radium bath in Schlema
- Curt Unger (1888–1955), editor, local politician (NSDAP) and local researcher
- Gerhard Heilfurth (1909–2006), cultural and social scientist, folklorist
- Nikolaus Richter (1910–1980), astronomer
People connected to the city
- Gottlob Heinrich von Lindenau (1755–1830), royal Saxon chamberlain, district chief forester and manor owner
- Johannes Friedrich Müller (1812–1878) was the mayor and city judge in Neustädtel
- Otto Reinhold (1899–1965), composer, was a teacher in Neustädtel in the 1920s
- Carl Bernhard Speck (1831–1905), conservative politician, mayor and honorary citizen of Neustädtel, MdL (Kingdom of Saxony)
- Wolfgang Uhle (1512–1594), plague pastor in Annaberg , was a deacon in Neustädtel
literature
- Neustädtel . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 7th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1820, pp. 140-142.
- Gerhard Heilfurth: Neustädtel in the Ore Mountains. Pictures of the development and nature of a small town in the Ore Mountains. Glück-Auf-Verlag, Schwarzenberg 1937
- Richard Steche : Neustädtel. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 8th booklet: Amtshauptmannschaft Schwarzenberg . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1887, p. 24.
- Small church chronicle "To our dear women" Neustädtel , series Our home - Rockstrohs illustrated sheets on the history of the Western Ore Mountains. Mike Rockstroh printer and publisher, Aue 2003
- The forgotten mountain town , series Our home - Rockstrohs illustrated sheets on the history of the Western Ore Mountains . Mike Rockstroh printer and publisher, Aue 2002
- Uwe Gering (Ed.): Schneeberg , Gering-Verlag, Königstein / Taunus 1994
Web links
- Neustädtel in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Mühlberg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Homepage about Neustädtel
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gottfried August Arndt, Archive of Saxon History, Part 2, Leipzig 1785, pp. 367 to 388 [1] , accessed on July 3, 2014
- ↑ a b The mining landscape of Schneeberg and Eibenstock (= values of the German homeland . Volume 11). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1967, p. 62.
- ↑ Information about the city arms on neustaedtel.de
- ↑ cf. Neustädtel in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ List of churches by Otto Bartning
- ↑ Siegfried Woidtke donates another memorial for the miner on web.archive.org
- ↑ Schneeberg is a pioneer in matters of world heritage - the city holds the first study on objects worth protecting within the Ore Mountains mining region in its hands , In: Freie Presse , local edition Aue, December 20, 2008
