Treasure trove

This article explains the mining term “treasure trove”; for other meanings see Fundgrube (disambiguation) .

In Central European mining, the mine field that was the first to be lent to a newly discovered deposit was called a treasure trove . The treasure trove was mostly larger than the adjoining mine fields. The term "treasure trove" can already be found in Freiberg Bergrecht A (around 1300) and in Iglauer Bergrecht (around 1240). Essential contents of these two mining rights formed the basis of most of the more recent mountain orders in Central Europe, especially in Central and North Germany. In the second half of the 19th century, the treasure trove was largely abolished as a special mine field by the newer mining laws. After presumption which took place ceremony of the mine by the Bergmeister . After they found what they were looking for, the surveyor surveyed and the inheritance was given . The size of the mine field of a treasure trove was regulated in the respective mountain order and varied between the different areas.

formalities

If a mother was the first to discover a new deposit, he had to expose it. With this process, he proved that he was exercising the right to find the treasure trove. To do this, he threw his bucket and rope at this point . This process of exposure was necessary so that the miner or a miner commissioned by him could drive into the treasure trove. After the mining official had driven into the mine, it was then measured in accordance with the mining law and entered in the mining book. If a mother other than the finder threw his bucket and rope onto the exposed spot, this process was called "carrying away the treasure trove". This led then to disputes between the miners who then before Berggericht by the Bergrichter were negotiated. The mine fields adjacent to the treasure trove were called Maaßen .

The shaft that was sunk in the immediate vicinity of the treasure trove is known as the discovery shaft . If a finder did not agree with the dimensions of the treasure trove, he could explain himself to the mining authority and request that the treasure trove be the center of the treasure trove and thus the treasure trove be dimensioned more generously. This process was known as stretching the treasure trove .

Dimensions of the treasure trove

The size of the fields in a treasure trove and the way in which they were measured differed between the different mountain areas.

Most of the time, the treasure trove was measured halfway above and halfway below the site. Although the size of the treasure trove was usually given, the mother was able to agree on a different size with the mining officer. This was possible if it was done without any disadvantage for the field neighbor.

In mining in the Electorate of Saxony, the dimensions were 3.5 Saxon laughers on both sides of the corridor, which they followed over a length of 42 laughers after it was brushed and dropped . Only on this limited part, not on the entire corridor, was the mother granted the right to mine, but he was entitled to mute further pit fields. In the Freiberg district the dimensions were 60 pools, in the Upper Ore Mountains and in St. Joachimsthal 42 pools, in Hungary 28 pools or 4 fiefdoms. The Lebertaler Bergordnung of 1527 provided for a length of 5 fiefdoms of 7 mountain fathoms each and a lateral extension of 7 mountain fathoms each into the hanging wall and lying.

These mine fields above and below the treasure trove on the ore vein were usually referred to as dimensions, their area was smaller than that of the treasure trove. If the finder did not make use of his prerogative to measure, these could be awarded elsewhere.

Quartered treasure troves represent a special form of mine fields, the fields of which were determined by crossing the deposit. It was used in iron ore and tin mining, when mining rights were granted to ores in stock-shaped deposits. The pit field of the royal crown treasure trove around the snail stone was also a crossing.

In Saxony, with the entry into force of the Shelf Mining Act of 1851, a new legal basis for mine fields was created, which replaced the treasure trove and dimensions that had been customary up to that time and created the creation of larger mine fields by setting them according to units of measurement (pit field dimensions). For already conferred mountain building which took place mine survey innovative new recording of the mining area. The traditional term “ Fundgrube” was retained as part of many mine names .

Examples

• Treasure trove Türk

See also

• For calculations of the treasure trove see Einlehn

literature

• Georg Agricola: De re metallica. Basel 1556, pp. 55-62. Translated and edited by Georg Fraustadt and Hans Prescher. Berlin 1974, pp. 132-141 and 735 f.
• Willecke, Raimunf: The German mining legislation. Essen 1977.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://codex.isgv.de/codex.php?band=cds2_13
2. ↑ Willecke, Berggesetzgebung, p. 59.
3. ^ Heinrich Veith: German mountain dictionary with evidence. Published by Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1871
4. ^ Carl Friedrich Richter: Latest mountain and hut lexicon. First volume, Kleefeldsche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1805
5. ↑ Willecke, Berggesetzgebung, pp. 60 f .; Fraustadt / Prescher, p. 735 f.
6. ↑ Westermann, Montanregionen.

Remarks

1. ↑ The feud in the early mining was a square measure, which the dimension seven Lachter had length and width seven Lachter. (Source: Heinrich Veith: German Mountain Dictionary with evidence .)