Chemnitz-Reichenbrand

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Reichenbrand coat of arms
Chemnitz coat of arms
Reichenbrand
district and statistical district No. 86 of Chemnitz
Location of the statistical district Reichenbrand in Chemnitz
Coordinates 50 ° 48 ′ 45 "  N , 12 ° 49 ′ 40"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 45 "  N , 12 ° 49 ′ 40"  E.
surface 4.37 km²
Residents 6366 (Dec. 31, 2013)
Population density 1457 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation 1922 (after Siegmar )
Post Code 09117
prefix 0371
Transport links
Federal road B173
bus 41, N16

Reichenbrand is located in the west of the city of Chemnitz and was incorporated into Chemnitz as a district of the former city of Siegmar-Schönau in 1950. Reichenbrand formed its own rural community from 1839 due to the rural community order, but was incorporated into Siegmar in 1922. In contrast to Siegmar or Schönau, industrial development could not prevail here. It has district boundaries to: Mittelbach , Grüna , Rabenstein and Siegmar as well as to the community Neukirchen / Erzgeb.

The entrance area to the Chemnitz Zoo is located on Reichenbrander Flur . To the south-west rises the 366.6 m high "Kaßberg" (not to be confused with the Chemnitz district of the same name ) to which the "Starker Forest" adjoins. The “Holzbach” forms the south-eastern corridor boundary until just before Neefestrasse .

history

Johanneskirche Chemnitz-Reichenbrand

The Reichenbrand belonging to the Rabenstein rulership was first mentioned in 1263 in the interest register of the Chemnitz monastery. The certificate of land allocation to Rudolf von Brandt dates from 1254. Like the other localities of the rule, the town was transferred to the Chemnitz Benedictine monastery with the sale of the Rabenstein rule in 1375 . The ban mile of 1331 did not allow the establishment of handicrafts and trade here - only in 1555 seven craftsmen were allowed. After the "Rabenstein promo" (1386-1390), a part of the rich and Brander Grünaer farmers according been Limbach lehnspflichtig . Even after the dissolution of the Chemnitz monastery, these farms remained with the Limbach manor, while the monastery property was subordinated to the Chemnitz office. Until 1796 the Reichenbrander manor was a subsidiary property of the von Schönberg auf Limbach rulers. The function of the manor ended with the replacements and common divisions since 1832 and the abolition of the landlord's jurisdiction by the state in 1855. The manor was located on today's Rosenweg and burned down in 1873.

View of the Johanneskirche and the former town hall with its bell-shaped tower

It was assumed that the spread of the plague in 1633 was favored by the withdrawal of water from the village stream, so that from 1665 water pipes were laid to the corridor's own springs, e.g. B. the Mühlgraben. Wooden pipelines supplied the Reichenbrander along, among other things, along today's Zwickauer Straße up to the church.

In the former district of "Hart" ( old German Hardt = wooded mountain), which was located above today's Rabensteiner Straße , many small houses were built from 1710 onwards, where the stocking industry found its way. A bleach was created in 1723.

Johanneskirche

Reichenbrand was first mentioned as a church village in 1347, the year of construction of the first church is unknown. The demolition took place in 1701; the consecration of the new church took place in 1702. This building had to be demolished in 1802 due to construction defects, and from 1803 construction began in the then current architectural style of classicism .

The Johanneskirche , newly consecrated in April 1810, stands at the intersection of Zwickauer and Hohensteiner Straße . It was built by Johann Traugott Lohse as a classical hall church. Only after the fall of the 1990s could this church be thoroughly renovated and revalued as a valuable architectural monument. Together with the war memorial (1875), the church is a protected cultural monument and is listed in the list of monuments .

Rectory with church house

The rectory has always been closely connected to the church and is now a protected cultural monument . It is described in the list of monuments as follows:

Stately residential building with a half-timbered upper floor as well as a stable barn, later used as a church house, in a dominant location next to the church, group of buildings worth preserving due to the local historical significance as a parsonage and due to the urban situation

Renovated Kirchnerhaus

This monument was also thoroughly renovated in the post-reunification period. After the start of construction on the rectory (1991–1992), major defects in the structure (half-timbering) became apparent. Due to the large willingness of the parish to donate, with the aid of the regional church of Saxony and the monument office, it became possible to reconstruct the rectory in accordance with the monument.

In 1997 the first floor of the Kirchnerhaus - which is part of the parsonage cultural monument - had to be completely rebuilt. The Kirchnerhaus was also reconstructed in accordance with a listed building.

Gasthof Reichenbrand, today "House of the Guest"

As early as 1653 there was talk of a gift that belonged to the Limbach manor. In 1822 the inn with a dance hall and an upper floor was built and in 1889 it was extended to the east. One attraction was the summer toboggan run in the park-like outdoor area . The Great Depression brought losses, from which the inn recovered only with difficulty until it closed in 1950. Initially the inn was used by " Wismut AG ", then by " Deutsche Fernsehfunk " and the "Sportclub Karl-Marx-Stadt". Today the building belongs to the Chemnitz Sports Office . After 1990 it was rebuilt by the architect Peter Waldvogel and leased for the traditional and successful Chemnitz Athlete Club (CAC). Other uses are made by the 1st Faschingsclub an der Chemnitz (1st FCC) and other tenants. Since that time it has been called "House of the Guest Reichenbrand".

Strong forest

The trees are dominated by beech, oak and maple

The Starkerwald is a forest area in Chemnitz-Reichenbrand without forest management and has a rich bird life due to its multi-layered biotope structure.

The namesake Arthur William Starker, owner of the Chemnitz hosiery factory around 1900, acquired parcels of land in Reichenbrand, which he had experts reforest from 1906 according to his own designs. The area initially served as the family's summer residence. Access to the forest is via Pawlowstrasse, which branches off to the right just after entering the village from the direction of Chemnitz-Mittelbach into the Kassbergbach floodplain and, after crossing under Neefestrasse, leads along the slope of the Kassberg to the forest. Before the path reaches the Starker Forest, there are several ponds below in a depression along the Kassbergbach. These are considered to be humid habitats worth preserving.

The ponds on the course of the Kassbergbach, which are considered area natural monuments

At the entrance to the forest was a grinding mill, the "sand mill" which collapsed in 1973 and was then removed. The trees in the lower section are characterized by deciduous trees such as oaks and birches. If you look closely, you can still see ornamental shrubs ( rhododendron , yew and arborvitae ) that once gave the forest a park-like character. Uphill, south to Kassberg (366.6 m) follows a pine forest. On its ridge there is a meadow orchard , which also bears the status of a natural monument. Here the border runs to the municipality of Neukirchen / Erzgeb. The forest path ends after crossing a beech stand further south-west on the connecting path between Neukirchen / Erzgeb. and Chemnitz-Mittelbach.

economy

Factory building - today a cultural monument

The company was registered in Reichenbrand in 1885 by Friedrich Wilhelm Nevoigt (1859–1937) and his brother Wilhelm Friedrich Nevoigt (1857–1909) as the Nevoigt Reichenbrand / Chemnitz brothers . Towards the end of the same year, in addition to manufacturing their other products, they already started testing individual bicycles . The story of Reichenbrand's most important company ended like this after 1990:

Even after reunification, it was possible to find a permanent place in the bicycle segment , whereby the independence that had been achieved was gradually abandoned: On January 1, 1992, the DIAMANT Fahrradwerke GmbH was founded with the participation of the Swiss Villiger Group . This group took over the company completely in 1997. Since 2003, both Villiger and Diamant have been part of the American Trek Bicycle Corporation , which also includes the brands Bontrager , Klein , LeMond and Gary Fisher . According to the company, the diamond works, which were relocated to Hartmannsdorf near Chemnitz, are the oldest producing bicycle factory in Germany.

The brewery in 2015

The brewery was built by Karl-Friedrich Hofmann in 1874, and Gustav Oswald Bergt took over the brewery in 1895 after his bankruptcy. From 1910 the brewery operated under the name of Gebr. Bergt Brewery , after the Second World War until around 1965 as the Oswald Bergt Reichenbrand Brewery , but also Bergt Siegmar-Schönau and Bergt Karl-Marx-Stadt .

In 1969 there was a state participation in the Reichenbrand brewery. In January 1972 the brewery was finally nationalized . Draft beer bottling was also discontinued in the early 1970s. On January 1, 1980, the brewery was subordinated to the VEB Beverage Combine Braustolz Karl-Marx-Stadt .

After reunification , the Reichenbrand brewery was re- privatized on April 1, 1990 and extensively modernized in the early 1990s.

  • Engelhardt spring factory

traffic

Photo from 1932, tracks of the former tram line "R" later "1" at the end of the church, Reichenbrand

In 1856 the construction of the Chemnitz – Zwickau railway line began. Initially, a train station was to be built on today's Unritzstrasse , but it was built at its current location in Siegmar.

The extension after Reichenbrand of the already existing electric suburban railway Chemnitz - Schönau , Wintergarten was ceremoniously put into operation on October 2, 1898 and thus represented a connection with the line designation R to the nearby industrial metropolis. The end point of this line was from 1898 to 1939 the Reichenbrander Church in the area of ​​the intersection of Zwickauer Strasse (then Hofer Strasse) and Hohensteiner Strasse. In 1927 the line designation was changed from R to 1. In May 1939, the turning facility opposite the cemetery was opened, thus ending the era of maneuvers in front of the church.

On May 17, 1980, the section Schönau, Industriewerk - Siegmar (then the name of the terminal in Reichenbrand) was closed and a rail replacement service with buses was set up. About a year later, on May 9th, 1981, the mode of transport was switched entirely to omnibuses, which still run between Schönau or the central stop and Reichenbrand.

Reichenbrand can be reached with the CVAG buses on line 41. In addition, the regional buses to Zwickau, Limbach-Oberfrohna and Hohenstein run through Reichenbrand.

Coming from Chemnitz, the B 173 ( Neefestrasse ) leads through the district to Zwickau . The railway line to Hohenstein-Ernstthal and Zwickau crosses the district in the built-up north.

Personalities

  • Laurentius Gerner (1542–1607), pastor 1570 in Großmilkau, 1575 Tautenhain, 1593 Zschopau
  • Kurt Lasch (1886–1977), politician (NSDAP) and SA chief
  • Johannes Hohlfeld (1888–1950), genealogist and historian

See also

literature

  • “Siegmar-Schönau - The city in front of the city.” - A Chemnitz district history on Siegmar, Schönau, Reichenbrand and Stelzendorf; Heimatverlag Sachsen GmbH, Chemnitz 2004
  • Richard Steche : Reichenbrand. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 7th issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Chemnitz . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1886, p. 54.
  • "On the history of the rulership and Rabenstein Castle", Dr. Josef Müller, Karl-Marx-Stadt 1961
  • "Contributions to home history, issue 8", Chemnitz 2010, R. Geßner, 200 years Johanneskirche Reichenbrand
  • "The Chemnitz tram - local transport in Saxony's industrial metropolis", Heiner Matthes, 1998, GeraMond Verlag GmbH Munich

Web links

Commons : Chemnitz-Reichenbrand  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Historical brewery directory Germany of the federal states of Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia from approx. 1900 of the IBV Internationaler Brauereikultur-Verband eV , 1995, IBV-Eigenverlag, Stuttgart
  2. ↑ Gerner, Laurentius: An evaluation recipe against the death . In: Valentin Am Ende, Online University Library Saxony-Anhalt 2009 (Ed.): Leichenpredigt . Leipzig 1607.