Siegmar-Schönau

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Stadt-Siegmar-Schoenau.jpg
Basic data
Area : 13.74 km²
Residents : 11,896 ( 1939 )
21,591 ( 1946 )
Population density : about 1,520 inhabitants / km² (1946)
Incorporation date : July 1, 1950

Siegmar-Schönau was an industrial city in Saxony . In 1939 this town was bordered by the municipality of Rabenstein in the north, the city of Chemnitz in the east, the municipality of Neukirchen in the south and the municipalities of Mittelbach and Grüna in the west.

Siegmar-Schönau had five districts ( Siegmar , Schönau , Reichenbrand , Stelzendorf and Neustadt ). The city was known for its strong industry. On July 1, 1950, Siegmar-Schönau was incorporated into Chemnitz .

history

Siegmar-Schönau Town Hall, 1937.

As early as 1927, Siegmar received town charter after passing the 10,000-inhabitant mark. Before that, Stelzendorf in 1920 and Reichenbrand in 1922 had been incorporated into Siegmar.

Schönau developed into a strong industrial community in the 19th century. That is why Neustadt was incorporated into Schönau in 1922. The town of Siegmar grew more and more together with the community of Schönau, which is why both were united on October 1, 1935 to form the town of Siegmar-Schönau .

During the Second World War, companies in Siegmar-Schönau used numerous forced laborers . In addition, from the end of August 1944 to December 10, 1944, there was a satellite camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp , whose 400 prisoners had to do forced labor for the Wanderer works .

On September 11, 1944, the city and its industry were the target of a heavy US air raid with 74 Flying Fortresses Boeing B-17 and 20 escort fighter aircraft "Mustang". 450 high-explosive explosive bombs and numerous incendiary bombs fell. Considerable destruction resulted in 85 deaths in the armaments works (including 41 foreign workers) and 21 in the residential areas.

Industry

In Schönau, as in Siegmar, industry was very strong in the 19th century. Siegmar was z. B. since 1890 location of the machine tool factory “von Hermann u. Alfred Escher AG ”(since 1930: Branch of the“ Deutsche NILES Werke AG Berlin ”). The Reinecker works should also be mentioned.

Hosiery and glove manufacturing was at home in Schönau from an early age. In 1896, "Carl Hamel" relocated its twisting machine factory from Chemnitz here. Schönau was particularly well-known for the Wanderer-Werke ( today partly “ Chemnitz Arena ”), which in addition to machine tools also manufactured bicycles, motor vehicles, typewriters and calculating machines. The Wanderer vehicle plant in Siegmar, which went into operation in 1927, was taken over by Auto Union in 1932 .

Friedrich Nevoigt founded a bicycle and machine construction factory in Reichenbrand in 1884 . The new building built for bicycle production in 1893 on today's Nevoigtstrasse burned down in 1905, and production was resumed a year later in a new building. The company, briefly owned by Opel at the end of the 1920s , became VEB Fahrradwerke Elite Diamant in 1952 .

traffic

The Dresden – Werdau railway line ran through the city since 1858 , so Siegmar-Schönau had a train station in the Siegmar district and, from November 26, 1940, an additional “ Wanderer-Werke ” stop , now Chemnitz-Schönau .

With the line R (from 1927 line 1) Siegmar-Schönau was connected to the tram network of the city of Chemnitz from October 2nd, 1898 to Reichenbrand . Before that, there was a connection from Chemnitz to the "Wintergarten" in Schönau since January 6, 1884.

Siegmar-Schönau was connected to the Reichsautobahn (today A 72 ) with the Chemnitz-Süd exit, which is located in the Stelzendorf district , since August 15, 1939 . Important access roads used to be the Neefe- and Zwickauer Straße .

movie theater

Silent films have been shown in today's Siegmar Club Cinema since the 1920s . The building erected in 1915 was initially a puppet theater and silent film cinema ( Koppes Lichtspielhaus ). In 1937 a hall was added (since then the Capitol theater ). The cinema was damaged by the bombing raids in World War II and only slightly repaired. Nevertheless it played almost continuously until today. In 1981/82 the movie theater was converted into a club cinema with swivel armchairs at tables, a bar in the hall and a stage.

The Gloria-Lichtspiele were opposite the Schönau post office . They were created in 1936 and were given the name Gloria-Filmpalast in 1937 . After the cinema was closed in 1968, the building was initially used as a warehouse, fell into disrepair and was demolished in 2001.

literature

  • “Siegmar-Schönau - The city in front of the city.” - A Chemnitz district history on Siegmar, Schönau, Reichenbrand and Stelzendorf; Heimatverlag Sachsen GmbH, Chemnitz 2004

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Siegmar-Schönau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.zwangsarbeit-archiv.de/zwangsarbeit/ereignisse/ostarbeiter/index.html Contemporary witness report of an "Eastern worker" employed by Elite Diamant AG - interview excerpts from the online archive "Forced Labor 1939–1945"
  2. ^ Website of the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial Accessed July 6, 2016

Coordinates: 50 ° 49 '  N , 12 ° 51'  E