Altenburg district office

The Altenburg office , also called Altenburg district office from the 18th century , was a territorial administrative unit of the Ernestine duchies . Originally part of the Pleißenland , it belonged to the Ernestines from 1485 to 1547 , then briefly to the Albertines until 1554 and then again to the Ernestines. From 1572 to 1603 it belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar , from 1603 to the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg and from 1672 to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg , which was greatly reduced in size when the estate was divided in 1680. In 1826 the Altenburg district office came to the re-established Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg.

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg in 1854 and the associated dissolution, the office formed the spatial reference point for the demand for sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and army successes .

Geographical location

State division of the Altenburger Land until 1920

The area of ​​the Altenburg district office is now in the far east of Thuringia and, in terms of its natural structure, belongs to the Altenburg-Zeitz loess hill country , which as a field hill country is part of the Leipzig lowland bay . Only the southwestern municipalities of Thonhausen , Vollmershain and Posterstein are included in the Ronneburg arable and mining area and thus form the low mountain range. The largest river in the administrative area was the Pleiße with its tributaries Sprotte and Wiera . In addition, the Schnauder crossed the north-western area.

The Altenburg district office formed the eastern part of the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg with the significantly smaller, south-west Ronneburg office . The district office Altenburg included the clearly delimited exclaves Mumsdorf , Rußdorf and Neukirchen (altenb. Share) (on the Wiera), as well as splinter areas in Bocka , Gähsnitz / Jesenitz, Gosel , Waldsachsen and Thonhausen . Electoral Saxon splinter areas were located near Frohnsdorf , Gähsnitz / Jesenitz, Kauritz and Heiersdorf (Engertsdorf) .

The official area today occupies most of the Altenburger Land district in the far east of the Free State of Thuringia . A small area in the southwest around Pölzig and Reichstädt belongs to the Thuringian district of Greiz . The exclave of Rußdorf and some places in the southern district (Harthau, Köthel, Neukirchen, Niederwiera, Röhrsdorf, Untergötzenthal, Waldsachsen and Wickersdorf) now belong to the district of Zwickau , Steinbach to the district of central Saxony and Thräna to the district of Leipzig in the Free State of Saxony .

Adjacent administrative units

Situation up to the Congress of Vienna in 1815

• North-west: Hochstift-Naumburgisches Amt Zeitz , exclave of the Borna district, Pegau district (all belonging to the Electorate of Saxony and from 1806 Kingdom of Saxony )
• North: Office Breitingen (to the Hochstift-Naumburg office Zeitz) (Electorate or from 1806 Kingdom of Saxony)
• Northeast: Amt Borna (Electorate or from 1806 Kingdom of Saxony)
• East and south-east: Schönburg rulers and exclave of the Borna district (Electorate or from 1806 Kingdom of Saxony)
• South: Amt Zwickau (Electorate or from 1806 Kingdom of Saxony)
• Southwest: Amt Ronneburg (1572 to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar , 1603 to the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg, 1672–1680 and from 1707 to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, 1680–1707 to the Duchy of Saxony-Eisenberg )
• West: Rule of Gera (Principality of Reuss-Gera )

Situation after the Congress of Vienna in 1815

• Northwest: District of Zeitz (Kingdom of Prussia, Province of Saxony)
• North: Offices Pegau and Borna (Kingdom of Saxony)
• Northeast: Amt Borna (Kingdom of Saxony)
• East: Office Rochlitz and exclave of the Office Borna (Kingdom of Saxony) (from 1835)
• Southeast: Schoenburg dominions (Kingdom of Saxony)
• South: Amt Zwickau (Kingdom of Saxony)
• Southwest: Amt Ronneburg (Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg)
• West: Rule of Gera (Principality of Reuss-Gera)

Exclaves

• The exclave of Mumsdorf near Meuselwitz was in the Hochstift-Naumburg office of Zeitz until 1815, then in the Prussian district of Zeitz in the province of Saxony
• The Rußdorf exclave near Limbach-Oberfrohna was between the Schönburg rulers in the west and the Saxon office of Chemnitz in the east
• The Neukirchen exclave (altenburg. Share) was located west of Waldenburg in the area of ​​the Schönburg dominions, which were under Saxon rule

history

Division of Wettin territory when Leipzig was divided in 1485

Territorial changes in Saxony and Thuringia after the Wittenberg surrender in 1547

The Wettin duchies according to the Naumburg Treaty of 1554

Altenburg as part of the realm of Pleißenland

The origins of the Altenburg district go back to the Middle Ages . The first documentary mention of the place and the castle Altenburg took place in the year 976 after the subjugation of the Slavs east of the Elbe-Saale-Line since the year 928 by Heinrich I and the founding of the margraviate of Meissen . On August 1, 976, Emperor Otto II gave the Altenburg settlement to the Zeitz diocese . After the conquests of King Heinrich I , Altenburg belonged to the imperial property of the Holy Roman Empire as part of the Pleißenland ( terra plisnensis ) area, also known as "Gau Plisni" or "Pleißengau" .

At the time of the reign of Emperor Lothar III. the imperial palace Altenburg was first mentioned in 1132 as castrum Plysn , which was expanded by the reigning emperor Friedrich I (Barbarossa) from 1152 . He stayed here six times between 1165 and 1185. The Imperial Palatinate was the reason that the settlement immediately adjacent to the Palatinate developed into a city that was named Altenburg. The passing imperial road, Via Imperii , contributed to the settlement of craftsmen and merchants. To secure and manage the royal property in and around the Kaiserpfalz Altenburg, King Conrad III. set up the Burggrafschaft Altenburg in 1147 . Their officials, the burgraves of Altenburg , took part in the course of the Reichsland colonization in the Altenburg, Leisnig / Colditz area , around Frohburg / Flößberg (Flügelsberg) and in the Zinnberg / Penig area on the Zwickauer Mulde . As a result, the von Altenburg family gained considerable stately growth.

The real transformation of the Pleißenland into an imperial country can only be established around 1165. This went hand in hand with an intensive expansion of the Pleißenland itself and accelerated urban development. In 1165 the Augustinian Canons' Monastery “Our Dear Women on the Mountains in front of Altenburg” ( Bergerkloster ) was established by Emperor Barbarossa in Altenburg and consecrated in 1172. Two more monasteries were established in 1238 with the Franciscan monastery at the western end of the city and before 1245 with the nunnery of the Magdalenerinnen (white women). In addition, the Kommende Altenburg of the Teutonic Order , documented since 1221, still existed in Altenburg , which belonged to the Deutschordensballei Thuringia .

In the 13th and 14th centuries, they gave away numerous goods from the fiefdoms that the Burgraves of Altenburg had previously received from the empire in places in the Altenburg area a. a. to the Bergerkloster zu Altenburg, to the Teutonic Order of Altenburg and to the Buch monastery near Leisnig .

Gradual transition to the Wettins until 1329

In the context of the dispute between Emperor Frederick II and the papacy in 1242 and the associated search for allies, the Pledging of the Pleißenland to the Wettins took place in 1243 . This was the dowry of the imperial daughter Margaretha , who was betrothed in 1243 to Albrecht (later Landgrave of Thuringia and Margrave of Meissen), the son of Margrave Heinrich the Illustrious . After the Wettins made their claims to the pledge clear in 1252/53, the Pleißenland finally came into Wettin possession with the marriage between Albrecht and Margaretha in 1255.

An attempt by King Albrecht I of Habsburg to take back the Margraviate of Meissen as a fiefdom failed in 1307 with the Battle of Lucka . In this way, the Margrave Friedrich the Freidige secured the rule of the House of Wettin in Central Germany. In 1311 he was granted patronage over the Pleißenland and officially recognized by the king in 1329. In 1324, while the last burgrave of Altenburg was still alive, the Altenburg burgrave office, which had been greatly reduced in terms of rights and income, was placed under the sovereignty of his son-in-law, Margrave Friedrich the Serious , by King Ludwig the Bavarian . With the death of Burgrave Albrecht IV of Altenburg in 1329, the transfer of the Altenburg burgrave office to the Wettins was confirmed by an imperial diploma. Since then, Altenburg has been seen as an integral part of the Pleißenland. Altenburg now belonged to the margraviate of Meißen and thus to the Wettin possession. The house and private goods of the Burgraves of Altenburg were inherited by the Burgraves of Leisnig in 1329 .

Care of Altenburg until the Naumburg Treaty in 1554

Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg (1680–1826) with the Altenburg office (far right)

After the transfer of the imperial estate in Altenburger Land to the manorial property of the Wettins, it was administered by the margravial "Amt Altenburg", for which the term "Pflege Altenburg" was common until the middle of the 16th century. Until then, part of the Kohrener Land belonged to it. H. the places Frohburg , Benndorf , Eschefeld , Greifenhain , Kohren, Sahlis , Gnandstein , Altmörbitz and Bocka (Saxon share) . Margrave Friedrich the Strict renewed the Altenburg town charter in 1356. The name "Pleißnerland" for the area was replaced after 1384 by the term " Osterland ". In place of the former Altenburg Palatine Chapel of St. Georg, the Castle Church of St. Georg was built around 1400, which was elevated to the status of a collegiate church in 1412. In 1413 the collegiate monastery of St. Georg was consecrated in the presence of the Bishop of Merseburg . The rulers provided the collegiate monastery of St. Georg with considerable interest, frones and fiefs.

The Margraviate of Meissen, which was dissolved in the Electorate of Saxony in 1423 , was divided between the brothers Ernst and Albrecht when Leipzig was divided in 1485 . City and care Altenburg came to the Ernestine Electorate of Saxony. The introduction of the Reformation in 1522 ushered in the end of the existing monasteries in Altenburg. The St. Georgenstift was dissolved in 1533, followed by the Bergerkloster in 1543. The Buch monastery near Leisnig , which also had possessions in Altenburger Land, had already been dissolved in 1525. While most of the formerly monastic properties were confiscated by the Wettin rulers, the Georgenstift in 1539 initially created a separate office. After the Burgraves of Leisnig died out in 1538, their property in the Altenburger Land inherited from the Burgraves of Altenburg fell to the Wettins and was integrated into the Altenburg office.

After the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, the Altenburg office came temporarily to the Albertines , who had received electoral dignity from the Ernestines. As a result of the administrative reform that was now necessary, the Altenburg office was assigned to the Leipzig district in the Albertine Electorate of Saxony. Through the Naumburg Treaty , the Altenburg office was returned to the Ernestines in 1554/57 .

The city of Kohren remained with the Albertines and since 1557 it belonged to the Borna Electoral Office . The places Frohburg, Benndorf, Eschefeld, Greifenhain, Sahlis, Gnandstein, Altmörbitz and Bocka (Saxon share) belonged to the Borna office since the middle of the 16th century.

The office / district office Altenburg since the Naumburg Treaty 1554 to 1826

Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg (1826–1918)

When Erfurt divided the Ernestine Duchy of Saxony in 1572, the Altenburg office came to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar . Duke Johann III. von Sachsen-Weimar subordinate the offices in his possession Altenburg, Eisenberg and Ronneburg in 1591 to the court marshal and official governor Carl von Friesen , who administered them until his death in 1599. After the secularization of the Teutonic Order of Altenburg in 1594, the buildings were given to the dukes Johann III. and Friedrich Wilhelm I of Saxe-Weimar and the goods are administered by the "Deutsch-Ordens-Haus-Amt".

With the division of the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar in 1603, the Altenburg office became the main area of ​​the separated Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg . Presumably in this year, the properties of the St. Georgen Office in Altenburg were merged with the Altenburg Office, while the German Order House Office continued to be run as an independent office. After the older line of Saxony-Altenburg died out in 1672, the Altenburg office was assigned to the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha when the country was divided , which has been called Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg since then .

As early as 1680, the area of ​​the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg in the Gotha main recess was divided into seven duchies, which means that the Altenburg office has belonged to the greatly reduced duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. In 1757 the German Order House Office was combined with the Altenburg Office, but the finances of the former were managed independently until 1844. From the 18th century onwards, the Altenburg office was called "Altenburg District Office". It belonged to the "Altenburgischen Kreis" of the duchy. Between 1706 and 1744 Altenburg Castle was built by the dukes Friedrich II and Friedrich III. expanded to Altenburg Castle .

The Altenburg district office from 1826 until its dissolution in 1854

The district offices of Altenburg and Ronneburg

In 1825/26, after the Saxon-Gotha-Altenburg line had died out, the Ernestine duchies were reorganized . The Altenburg district office was assigned to the newly founded Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg through the Hildburghausen partition contract . In 1832, the "District Headquarters Ostkreis", also called "Altenburgischer Kreis", was created as the higher-level administrative authority for the offices of Altenburg and Ronneburg in the eastern part of the duchy. The Altenburg district office existed as the lower administrative and judicial authority in the eastern district of the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg until the administrative reform in 1854, when it was divided between the Altenburg I , Altenburg II , Lucka , Schmölln and Altenburg City Court.

In 1876 administrative powers were given to the administrative districts of Altenburg and Schmölln . The legal tasks of the court offices of Altenburg I and II, Lucka and the Altenburg City Court , which were united until 1879, went to the Altenburg District Court in 1879 , and those of the Schmölln Court Office to the Schmölln District Court .

Web links

• The Altenburg Office in the book "Geography for all Stands", from p. 201
• Locations of the Altenburg district office between 1815 and 1826 on p. 83f.
• The Altenburg district office in the Thuringia archive portal
• Altenburg town chronicle
• Map of the Duchy of Altenburg from 1832 with the Altenburg district
• Description of the duchy of Saxony-Altenburg founded in 1826

Associated places

Written cities

• Altenburg
• Schmoelln

Official cities

• Lucka
• Goessnitz

Altenburg suburbs

Duck plan Frauenfelsgemeinde Behind the wall Behind the castle (upper and lower municipality) Johannisvorstadt (Vorm Johannistor)

Naschhausen (under the castle) New concern Ober- and Unterpauritz Schmoelln suburb web

Pond suburb Under the mountain (upper and lower municipality) Soft

Noble market towns

• Meuselwitz

Villages in today's Free State of Thuringia

Altendorf Altkirchen Altpoderschau Beerwalde Beers Beiersdorf Boderitz Bohra Borgishain Bornshain Burnout Breesen Breitenhain Bünauroda Burkersdorf (near Kaimnitz) Burkersdorf (near Schmölln) Buscha Dippelsdorf Dobitschen

Dobra Dobrashiitz Dölzig Thresha Dreuss Drugs Droplets Ehrenberg Grove of Honor Falkenau Fichtenhainichen Flemmingen Fockendorf Frankenau Garbisdorf Garbus with Klausa Gardschütz Gerstenberg Gieba Gimmel

Gleina Gnadschütz Gods Godissa Goehren Gold show Göldschen Göllnitz Goepfersdorf Gorma Goesdorf Graicha Greipzig Groeba Large brown grove Grand Mecka Großröda Großstechau Großstöbnitz Großtauschwitz Guteborn

Hainichen Hartha Hartroda Haselbach Hauersdorf Heiersdorf Corpus Christi Heukendorf Hinteruhlmannsdorf Illsitz Ingramsdorf Groan Jückelberg Kaimnitz Cocoa Kauerndorf Kerchütz Klausa Kleinmecka Mosquitos

Kleinröda Kleinstechau Kleinstöbnitz Small exchange Kleintauschwitz Small struts Knau Koblenz Kosma Kostitz Koethenitz Kotteritz Kraasa Kraschwitz Kratschütz Krebitschen Cross Kriebitzsch Kröbern Grief Pumpkin

Langenleuba-Niederhain Reading Lehma Lehndorf Lehnitzsch Löbichau Lohma on the Leina Lohma (near Schmölln) Löhmigen Löpitz Lossen Sloppy Lutschütz Maltis Mehna Merlach Meucha Misselwitz Mockern

Mocky Model joke Mohlis Monstab Mumsdorf (exclave) Münsa Naundorf Neubraunshain Neuenmörbitz Neupoderschau Niederleupten Nirkendorf Nitzschka Nöbden Nöbdenitz Nobitz Nodenitzsch Norditz Oberarnsdorf Oberkossa

Oberleupten Oberlödla Obermolbitz Oberzetzscha Paditz Pahna Pähnitz Petsa Parish village Village of duty Splatter Plottendorf Podelwitz Pöhla Pölzig Ponitz Pontewitz Pöppschen Trumpet Poschwitz Pöschwitz

Poster stone Prehna Priefel Primmelwitz Prisselberg Proessdorf Rasephas Raudenitz Rautenberg Reichstädt Remsa Roda mussel Rödigen Rolika Romschütz Rositz Roethenitz Runsdorf Saara Sachsenroda Schelchwitz

Schelditz Schlauditz Schlöpitz Castle Schnauderhainichen Schömbach Fairhaide Schönhain Schwanditz Selka Celery Serbitz Summer seat Starkenberg Steinsdorf Steinwitz Stünzhain Fir field Taupadel Tautenhain Tegkwitz

Thal Trebanz Treben Trebula Unterlödla Lower Molbitz Unterzetzscha Untschen Vollmershain Waltersdorf Weissbach Wettelswalde Wiesebach Meadow mill Wilchwitz Wildenbörten Windischleuba Winter village Wolperndorf Desert soda Zagkwitz

Zechau Zehma with Friedrichslust Zschaiga Zschaschelwitz Zschechwitz Zschernichen Zschernitzsch (near Altenburg) Zschernitzsch (near Schmölln) Zschöpel Zschöpperitz Zumroda Zurichau Second

Villages in today's Free State of Thuringia that only partially belonged to the Altenburg district office

• Bocka (Altenburg. Share)
• Frohnsdorf (Altenburg. Share)
• Gosel (Altenburg. Share)
• Heiersdorf (near Ziegelheim) (Altenburg. Share)
• Hirschfeld (altenburg. Share) (altenburg. Share)
• Jesenitz (Altenburg. Part of Gähsnitz)
• Kauritz (Altenburg. Share)
• Teuritz (Altenburg. Share)

Villages in what is now the Free State of Saxony

• Koethel
• Niederwiera
• Röhrsdorf
• Russdorf (exclave)
• Untergötzenthal
• Thrana

Villages in today's Free State of Saxony that only partially belong to the Altenburg office

• Harthau (Altenburg. Share)
• Neukirchen (Altenburg. Share)
• Niedersteinbach (Altenburg. Share)
• Obersteinbach (Altenburg. Share)
• Waldsachsen (Altenburg. Share)
• Wickersdorf (Altenburg. Share)

Castles, palaces, manors and farms

Breitenhain Castle Langenleuba-Niederhain Castle Posterstein Castle Löbichau Castle Meuselwitz Castle Oberlödla Castle Ponitz Castle Poschwitz Castle Windischleuba Castle Tannenfeld Castle Dobitschen moated castle Chamber estate Wilchwitz

Gödissa manor Großröda manor Manor Kostitz Manor Lohma Löhmigen manor Lumpzig manor Maltis manor Manor Nöbdenitz Podelwitz manor Manor Pölzig Romschütz manor Schwanditz Manor

Selka Manor Rittergut Sommeritz Starkenberg Manor Tegkwitz Manor Unterau manor Vollmershain manor Weissbach manor Manor Zumroda Rittergut Zürchau Secondschen manor Ehrenberg Castle Vorwerk Dorotheenhof in Posa

Monasteries

• Bergerkloster
• Georgenstift Altenburg

Individual evidence

1. ^ History of the Burgraves of Altenburg in the Bavarian State Library
2. ↑ Thieme: Die Burggrafschaft Altenburg , p. 170 offers a convincing date for the establishment of the Reichsland Pleißen to 1165. In addition, Friedrich I. Barbarossa only stayed in Altenburg from 1165, see RI IV 2, 2 No. 1454 and 1455 [1] .
3. ^ Description of the coming Altenburg on a private website
4. ^ History of the Burgraves of Altenburg in the Bavarian State Library
5. ↑ RI V 1.1 No. 3372 [2] , 3463a et al. 3464 [3]
6. ^ Cheap: Pleißenland , p. 71; Kötzschke / Kretzschmar: Saxon History , p. 80; Helbig: Ständestaat , p. 24; Thieme: The Burggrafschaft Altenburg , pp. 184–187.
7. ^ Book about the Burggrafschaft Altenburg, p. 593
8. ^ The Burggrafschaft Altenburg, p. 559
9. ^ The places in the historical register of places of Saxony
10. ↑ Website about the Altenburger Land district
11. ^ Yearbooks of the Principality of Altenburg, p. 111
12. ^ History of the residential castle Altenburg
13. ^ The Naumburg Treaty in the chronicle of the city of Langensalza in Thuringia, pp. 207f.
14. ^ The Altenburg Office in the Historical Directory of Saxony
15. ↑ Book "The Fatherland of the Saxons, p. 138
16. ↑ Mention on p. 252
17. ^ History of the Teutonic Order Altenburg on a private website
18. ↑ The district main team in the east district in the Thuringia archive portal
19. ↑ [gemeindeververzeichnis.de/gem1900/gem1900.htm?altenburg/ostkreis.htm places in the eastern district of Saxony-Altenburg]
20. ↑ House book of the city of Altenburg in Thuringia 1450 to 1865
21. ↑ Mention in the list of places
22. ↑ Website about the manors in Altenburger Land ( memento of the original from December 1, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.