Office Wachsenburg with Ichtershausen

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The Wachsenburg Office and the Ichtershausen Office were two territorial administrative units of the Ernestine duchies . From 1640 they belonged as a jointly administered office to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha , from 1672 to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and from 1826 to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha .

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1858 and the related resolution, the area formed as the Office of the spatial reference point for claiming nationalistic taxes and labor services , for police , judiciary and military service .

Geographical location

The places of the offices Wachsenburg and Ichtershausen were scattered in an area of ​​the southern Thuringian basin in the area of ​​the Three Equals , which had Erfurt in the northeast and Ohrdruf and Arnstadt in the south as corner points. The administrative area was traversed by the Gera and its tributaries Apfelstädt , Vasoldbach, Weidbach and the lower reaches of the Wipfra . The southern places are on the Ohrdrufer Platte , Crawinkel already on the northern edge of the Thuringian Forest . The northeastern places are on the edge of the Steigerwald . The Wachsenburg districts of Bischleben and Rhoda in the north-east were separated from the rest of the district by Ingersleben and Stedten.

The places of the former official area are now in the center of the Free State of Thuringia and are now part of the Gotha district , the Ilm district and the city of Erfurt . The municipality of Amt Wachsenburg in the Ilm district consists partly of former administrative locations and takes up the historical name again.

Adjacent administrative units

In the following illustration, the offices of Wachsenburg and Ichtershausen are already seen as a common office. The office Ichtershausen was enclosed in the north, west and southwest by the office Wachsenburg. Since the founding of the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg in 1672 and the division of the state in 1680, the Wachsenburg and Ichtershausen offices bordered the following areas:

The places of the county Unterleichen formed an enclave in the office (Sülzenbrücken) or separated the north-eastern administrative places Rhoda and Bischleben from the rest of the administrative area (Ingersleben and Stedten).

history

Wachsenburg Office

Wachsenburg , which was first mentioned in documents in 1140, was the scene of conflicts between rival forces within the empire at the end of the 12th century . In the following period the Wachsenburg came into the possession of the Counts of Kevernburg , in 1302 by inheritance to the Counts of Orlamünde and from 1306 by purchase to the Counts of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg . In 1369, despite all efforts by the city of Erfurt to acquire it, the castle came into the possession of the Landgraves of Thuringia , who subsequently felt obliged to pledge the castle several times. In 1377 a Wettin “Amt Wachsenburg” is documented. When Altenburg was divided in 1445, the area around the Wachsenburg came to Duke Wilhelm III.

The places Bischleben, Rhoda, a part of Apfelstädt, Dietendorf and Kornhochheim originally belonged to noble lords. After their extinction, they fell to the Landgraves of Thuringia, who pledged the places to the city of Erfurt several times. Elector Ernst of Saxony redeemed it for the last time in 1483. They were subsequently counted to the Wachsenburg office. After the Leipzig division of the Wettin possessions in 1485, the Wachsenburg office came as part of the Landgraviate of Thuringia to the Electorate of Saxony of the Ernestines . During this time the Wachsenburg became the seat of a state administration.

Office Ichtershausen

In 1147 a Cistercian convent was founded in Ichtershausen . The monastery was considered to be the richest in Thuringia, up to 74 localities were at times subject to interest. From 1176 Thörey belonged to the Ichtershausen monastery , Rehestädt followed in several stages in 1257 and Eischleben came into monastic ownership in 1317. During the Peasants' War , 4,000 farmers gathered in Ichtershausen in 1525. The "Ichtershausen Haufen" tried to grind the nearby Wachsenburg because they blamed the lords of the Princely Wachsenburg office there for their bad situation. During this time the monastery was also plundered and largely destroyed. On June 16, 1525, the Ichtershausen monastery property came into the possession of the Ernestine Elector Johann . The monastery was closed in 1539 and a chamber property was established on its premises. At the time of the Reformation , the monastery owned the places Ichtershausen, Eischleben, Thörey and Rehestädt, which since then have formed the lordly "Ichtershausen Office". The construction of the old castle began in 1539, and Ichtershausen was given jurisdiction as early as 1533 .

The combined office Wachsenburg with Ichtershausen

As a result of the Schmalkaldic War , the Ernestines lost their electoral dignity in 1547 , which unified their possessions in the Duchy of Saxony . After several inheritance divisions of the Ernestine duchies , the offices of Wachsenburg and Ichtershausen came to the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha when the Ernestine division took place in 1640 . Presumably, the Ichtershausen office was merged with the Wachsenburg office around the time Duke Ernst the Pious took office. The Wachsenburg, which was in decline at that time, had become meaningless as a fortification. Duke Ernst I had the castle rebuilt and used for various purposes. In 1672 the office of Wachsenburg and Ichtershausen came to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg . In 1676, Duke Bernhard I declared Ichtershausen his residence, which resulted in the new castle with the name Marienburg being built in the place from 1675 to 1680 . After the “ Gotha Main Recess ” in 1680, the office remained with the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg, but Ichtershausen lost its residence status. After the renovation of Marienburg Castle in 1710, the Rent and Justice Office were later housed in it.

In 1734, imperial count Gustav Adolf von Gotter acquired the neglected feudal estate Alte Hof on the left bank of the Apfelstädt opposite Dietendorf. Count Gotter already owned the Molsdorf Castle in the neighboring village and wanted to increase his influence in the area by buying land. A workers' settlement was built at the textile factory founded in 1736. After the failure of the factory, the settlement was sold in December 1742 to the Moravian Brethren who wanted to set up a branch in the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha. From 1743 onwards, a Brethren Congregation arose in " Neudietendorf ", which bore the spirit of the congregation but belonged to the Lutheran regional church.

After the Saxon-Gotha-Altenburg line had died out, the Hildburghausen Partition Treaty of November 12, 1826 resulted in a comprehensive restructuring of the Ernestine duchies . The Wachsenburg office came with Ichtershausen as part of Saxe-Gotha to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , whose two parts of the country were henceforth governed in personal union.

During the administrative reform that took place in 1830, the Wachsenburg office with Ichtershausen was continued as the "Ichtershausen judicial office". Ingersleben, Stedten and Sülzenbrücken in the county of Unterleichen were added to the district . The southern places of the administrative district came in 1856 to the judicial districts of Ohrdruf (Crawinkel and Wölfis) and Liebenstein (Gossel). The Duchy of Saxony-Coburg and Gotha was divided into independent cities and district offices in 1858. The Ichtershausen Justice Office was subordinated to the Gotha District Office in administrative tasks , and the Ohrdruf and Liebenstein District Office to the Ohrdruf District Office . In 1877/79 the Gotha Justice Offices were converted into local courts. The Gotha District Court took over the judicial tasks of the Ichtershausen Justice Office. The Liebenstein District Court and the Ohrdruf District Court took over the judicial tasks of their predecessors of the same name.

Associated places

Wachsenburg Office

Castles and Palaces
Villages

Office Ichtershausen

Monastery and castles
  • Ichtershausen Monastery
  • Old castle in Ichtershausen (built in 1539)
  • Marienburg Castle (New Castle) in Ichtershausen (built between 1675 and 1680)
Villages

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Wachsenburg Office in the Thuringia State Archives
  2. ^ History of the Wachsenburg on the homepage of the Wachsenburg community
  3. ^ The Ichtershausen Justice Office in the Thuringia archive portal
  4. ^ The Ohrdruf justice office in the Thuringia archive portal
  5. ^ The Liebenstein Justice Office in the Thuringia archive portal