Reinhardsbrunn Office

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The Reinhardsbrunn office was a territorial administrative unit of the Ernestine duchies . From 1640 it belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha , from 1672 to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg . It was combined with the Tenneberg Office in 1748, but still had its own sub-officials. Since 1826 the office belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha .

Until the administrative and territorial reform of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1858 and the related resolution made it as official spatial reference point for claiming nationalistic taxes and labor services , for police , judiciary and military service .

Geographical location

The Reinhardsbrunn office was on the northern edge of the Thuringian Forest . The Friedrichrodaer and Finsterberger Forst belonged to the office. The forest on the ridge of the mountains behind the Rennsteig already belonged to the neighboring Tenneberg office. The upper reaches of the Hörsel (called Leina here) and the Laucha were in the official area .

The official area is now in the center of the Free State of Thuringia and belongs to the district of Gotha .

Adjacent administrative units

Since the founding of the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg in 1672, the Reinhardsbrunn office has bordered the following areas:

history

Ludowinger and Castle Schauenburg

The Thuringian Landgrave Ludwig the Bearded , ancestor of the Ludowingers , received a fiefdom around 1040 on the edge of the old settlement area near Gotha north of the Thuringian Forest , which was called "Loibe". In a document that the Emperor Heinrich III. , Son and successor Konrad II , exhibited in Bamberg on August 28, 1044 , not only were purchases and donations confirmed to him anew, but he was also given permission to build a castle. This is how the Schauenburg was built in the center of his possessions, on Wolfsstieg near Friedrichroda . This was near two high medieval pass roads over the Thuringian Forest, which were called "Burgweg" and "Roter Weg". They met the Rennsteig three kilometers south of the castle . With the construction of the Schauenburg by Ludwig the Bearded around 1044, several localities were founded in the area around the castle, including Friedrichroda.

Count Ludwig the Bearded was able to quickly expand his possessions and influence in Thuringia. When he died in 1055, the Schauenburg was already on the verge of domination. Under Ludwig's son, known as " Ludwig der Springer ", the newly built Wartburg near Eisenach became the ancestral castle of the Ludowingers around 1080 . With the construction of the Wartburg and Tenneberg Castle near Waltershausen , the importance of the Schauenburg declined. In 1085 Ludwig the Springer and his wife founded the Reinhardsbrunn monastery as the house monastery of the Thuringian landgraves, which made the Schauenburg their protective castle.

Reinhardsbrunn Monastery

Reinhardsbrunn Monastery quickly gained in importance and property. In 1114, the sons of Count Ludwig the Springer sold the Schauenburg castle and the towns of Altenbergen, Reinhardsbrunn, Ernstroda, Finsterbergen, Engelsbach, Friedrichroda and Rödichen to the monastery.

After the Ludowingers became extinct, the Wettins became the new Landgraves of Thuringia during the War of the Thuringian Succession (1247–1264) . In the course of the war, the Schauenburg was destroyed in 1260, whereby the Tenneberg Castle took over the protective function of the monastery. The neighboring Counts of Henneberg were appointed as guardian bailiffs of the monastery , they replace the previous bailiffs, knights from the landed gentry who were previously allowed to call themselves "Knights of Schauenburg". The Wettin Landgrave of Thuringia, Albrecht the Younger , confirmed the ownership of all of its villages to the monastery in 1295, these were Friedrichroda, Altenbergen, Cumbach, Ernstroda, Finsterbergen, Leina, Rödichen, Steinfürst and Wipperoda. Albrecht's brother, Margrave Dietrich von Landsberg , confirmed to the monastery jurisdiction over these villages and the goods Espenfeld, Aue, Engelsbach, Bossenrode and Schnepfenthal in 1306. The towns of Cabarz and Tabarz came into the possession of the monastery in 1400. As secular rulers and guardians of the Reinhardsbrunn monastery, the Wettins later assigned the Leina to the Tenneberg office .

After the Leipzig division of the Wettin possessions in 1485, the area of ​​the Reinhardsbrunn Monastery became part of the Landgraviate of Thuringia under the Electorate of Saxony of the Ernestines . At the time of the Reformation , the monastery had already declined in importance. As a result of the Peasants' War , the monastery was looted and destroyed in 1525. The monks fled to Gotha , the monastery property was secularized and sold to the Elector of Saxony.

Ernestine duchies

After the Reinhardsbrunn monastery estates were confiscated, they were placed under a sovereign administrator. Later the sovereign "Amt Reinhardsbrunn" was administered by a locksmith or bailiff . During the following decades the monastery buildings fell into disrepair. As a result of the Schmalkaldic War , the Ernestines lost their electoral dignity in 1547, which meant that their possessions were united in the Duchy of Saxony . When Erfurt divided the Duchy of Saxony in 1572, the Reinhardsbrunn office was assigned to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar . In 1601, Duke Friedrich Wilhelm I of Weimar built an office building on the ruined monastery grounds. His brother Johann III. planned the reconstruction of Reinhardsbrunn, which was only completed after his death.

During the Ernestine partition in 1640, the Reinhardsbrunn office came to the newly founded Duchy of Saxony-Gotha , which was expanded to the Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg in 1672 . The Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg was divided again in 1680 by the “ Gotha Main Recess ”, with the office remaining with the greatly reduced Duchy of Saxony-Gotha-Altenburg. When the Reinhardsbrunn bailiff Wilhelm Heinrich Schultes took over the office of Themar in 1748 , the Reinhardsbrunn office was subordinated to the official of the Tenneberg office. But it still had its own sub-officials. The Reinhardsbrunner Amtshaus has been unused since then.

After the Saxon-Gotha-Altenburg line had died out, the Hildburghausen Partition Treaty of November 12, 1826 resulted in a comprehensive restructuring of the Ernestine duchies . The office Tenneberg came with Reinhardsbrunn with the state part of Saxe-Gotha to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , whose two parts of the country were henceforth governed in personal union. Under Duke Ernst I of Coburg and Gotha , Reinhardsbrunn Palace was turned into a pleasure palace in 1826/1827 .

When administration and justice were separated in 1830, the seat of the new “Tenneberg Justice Office” was relocated from Tenneberg Castle to Reinhardsbrunn. In 1848 he came back to Tenneberg. The Duchy of Saxony-Coburg and Gotha was divided into independent cities and district offices in 1858. The Tenneberg Office was integrated with Reinhardsbrunn into the Waltershausen District Office , while the administrative tasks of the Tenneberg Justice Office were transferred to the Tenneberg District Court in Waltershausen in 1879 .

Associated places

city
Official Villages
Yards and goods
  • Gut Espenfeld, later Schnepfenthal
  • Mönchenau or Aue near Ernstroda
Monasteries and castles
Desolation
  • Bossenrode
  • Stone prince

Bailiffs

  • Hans von Höningen (1525–1529) (administrator)
  • two civil chiefs
  • Felix von Brandenstein (administrator)
  • Melchior von Wechmar (administrator)
  • Christoph Goldacker (1544–1548) (administrator)
  • Georg Rentzschen (1548–1556) (Schösser), Asmus von Gleichen (counter writer)
  • Castles (up to the 17th century)
  • Bailiffs (18th century)
  • Wilhelm Heinrich Schultes (until 1748; last bailiff of Reinhardsbrunn)
  • D. Wilhelm Gottlieb Jacobs (from 1748; bailiff von Tenneberg)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tenneberg Castle on the "Via Regia" homepage
  2. ^ The Tenneberg Justice Office in the Thuringia Archives