Spleen (Römhild)

spleen City of Römhild Coordinates: 50 ° 22 ′ 39 ″  N , 10 ° 32 ′ 11 ″  E
Height :	291 m above sea level NN
Area :	17.62 km²
Residents :	922  (Dec. 31, 2011)
Population density :	52 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	December 31, 2012
Postal code :	98630
Area code :	036948
Aerial view

Milz is a district of the town of Römhild in the Hildburghausen district in Thuringia ( Germany ).

geography

Milz is located in the southern part of Thuringia near the border with Bavaria, which borders south to the south . It is located southwest of the Gleichberge on the Milz River , a north-eastern tributary of the Franconian Saale .

history

Milz is more than 1200 years old in the Franconian Empire during the time of Charlemagne : the Milize nunnery is founded by the abbess Emhilt (also: Emhild), a niece of Charlemagne, who comes from the Counts of the Hedene princes . Deeds from the 8th century are kept as copies from the 12th century in the Fulda Abbey as the so-called Codex Eberhardi . It contains three documents concerning the Milz Monastery. In a document dated March 25, 784 issued in Milz, Abbess Emhilt gave the church and the nuns of her monastery her paternal and maternal inheritance, etc. a. in Hellingen and Spleen. Count Roggo and 15 other witnesses confirm this. Milz was also a royal estate and there was an associated fort on the Großer Gleichberg, the Altenburg. This noble own monastery had rich property in Hesse and Eastern Franconia, ranging from Coburg in Bavaria to Meschede in Westphalia. The following places are named as possessions of the monastery in the vicinity: Eyershausen , Irmelshausen , Hellingen, Höchheim , Obereßfeld , Ottelmannshausen , Seidingstadt , Seßlach , Streufdorf , Milz and Untereßfeld . 26 years later, another document dated February 3, 799 (or 800) confirms that Abbess Emhilt and 22 named nuns donate the Milz Monastery and its property as well as the church furnishings to the Fulda Monastery. Spleen is called vicus publicus et villa , which means fiscal good and village. This will transform Milz Monastery from an aristocratic own monastery into a subsidiary of the Fulda Monastery.

With a third document without an exact date (799 or 800), Charlemagne confirms this donation from his blood relatives Emhilt. The latter document is viewed by some historians as a forgery. In February 800, Charlemagne is said to have visited his niece Emhilt in Milz.

In 805 the monastery was destroyed by Slavs and not rebuilt. In 907 the Fulda Abbey also received the property in Milz, which was under royal power. The rich former property of the monastery came to the Count of Henneberg- Hartenberg in 1290.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, Milz flourished thanks to its tannery and its convenient location on the lively Nürnberger Strasse, and was given the right to fairs and its own post office. The changed traffic conditions impaired this development, the post office came to Römhild in 1776.

There was a manor until 1838, in 1514 it is called. It is said that its buildings were built on the remains of the former Milz monastery.

Maria Magdalena Church

The Maria Magdalena Church was built in 1520 by the brothers Hans and Valentin Schwarz. Repairs were carried out in 1748 and in 1845 the choir was rebuilt in neo-Gothic style. In 1852 the interior of the church was renovated to match.

A church tower built as a fortified church tower rises above the sacristy and is crowned by a gable roof. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first storey above the church roof was built on three sides in half-timbered construction, the west side of stone masonry. The eastern gable of the attic also showed half-timbering. The framework was later replaced by masonry.

The Franconian Duke Heden (until approx. 717), who resided in Würzburg and ruled over Main Franconia, Thuringia and eastern Hesse, is considered the founder of the Milz Church . The first Milzer church therefore dates from the pre-Bonifatian period. This makes the predecessor church of the Magdalena Church, as can be deduced from the numerous Fulda documents, one of the earliest verifiable church buildings in Central Germany. The baroque predecessor organ probably dates from 1754 by the organ builder Niclaus Serber . 1988–1989 a partial restoration of the organ was carried out by the organ builder workshop Schönefeld in Stadtilm using the still existing original parts .

The partial restoration took place in coordination with the organ experts of the regional church and the state authorities of the GDR. The work was carried out with the means and materials possible at that time. A particular difficulty was that the place was in the border area of the GDR and could only be reached with a special permit.

The church has three bells with the notes f '- a' - c ”.

Wehrkirchhof

The churchyard was fortified at the beginning of the 16th century, a strong wall with loopholes enclosed the entire churchyard, in front of which there was still a water-filled ditch. A wooden covered bridge crossed the moat on the west side, and a round arched gate closed the wall. Gades were added to the inside of the wall, half of which were still there in 1850. Parts of the church fortifications have been preserved.

Spleen today

Up to the present day the village is dominated by agriculture ( agriculture and livestock farming ). The barn buildings built around the old town center as a belt of the former fortified village still bear witness to this today. In the past, access was only possible via three gates (Obertor - the gatehouse is still preserved today, Speckentor and Untertor). In addition, some craftsmen settled in the community of Milz. Despite the proximity to the town of Römhild, bakers, brewers, fishermen, basket weavers, butchers, millers, blacksmiths, tailors, joiners and wheelwrighters were there until the end of the 19th century. In addition, the village had an inn with a dance floor and guest rooms, a bakery and a small brewery that was used by all farmers involved for brewing beer until the 1970s.

On December 31, 2012, the community of Milz merged with the city of Römhild and other previously independent communities to form the new city of Römhild.

The district of Hindfeld belonged to the municipality of Milz .

Culture and sights

The excavation site in the Merzelbachwald near Milz is one of the largest burial mounds in Germany. The chronological classification is before the settlement on the Steinsburg . The finds indicate the importance of the burial ground, because subsequent burials were carried out .

Buildings

Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Maria Magdalena

Gatehouse

• Church of St. Maria Magdalena
• Torhaus (Obertorstrasse)
• Alte Post (Alte Poststrasse)

literature

• Paul Lehfeldt , Georg Voss : Architectural and art monuments of Thuringia . Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen. II. Volume. Hildburghausen district. District court districts Hildburghausen, Eisfeld, Themar, Heldburg and Römhild. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1904, p. 389 ff . ( Digitized version [accessed April 26, 2020]).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Norbert Klaus Fuchs: Das Heldburger Land - a historical travel guide , Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2013, ISBN 978-3-86777-349-2 .
2. ^ The church on www.kirchenkreis-meiningen.de. Retrieved April 22, 2020 . 
3. ↑ Michael Gockel: On the relatives of the abbess Emhilt von Milz . In: Helmut Beumann (Ed.): Festschrift for Walter Schlesinger . tape II . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1974, p. 1–70 ( digitized version [PDF; 3.9 MB ; accessed on April 22, 2020]).
4. ↑ Information on the organ. In: orgbase.nl. Retrieved April 22, 2020 (German, Dutch). 
5. ↑ Entry on the spleen churchyard fortification in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved April 22, 2020.
6. ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 1st to December 31st, 2012
7. ↑ Michael Köhler : Pagan Sanctuaries , Jenzig-Verlag 2007, ISBN 978-3-910141-85-8 , p. 201.

Web links

Commons : Milz (Thuringia)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Spleen on the official website of the city of Römhild. Retrieved April 22, 2020 .