Equal mountains
| Equal mountains | ||
|---|---|---|
 Gleichberge seen from Hildburghausen Stadtberg |
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| Highest peak | Großer Gleichberg ( 679 m above sea level ) | |
| location | District of Hildburghausen , Thuringia ( Germany ) | |
| Geological part of the | Heldburger gang | |
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 24 '1 " N , 10 ° 35' 30" E | |
| Age of the rock | Tertiary | |
The Gleichbergs , which mainly consist of large and small Gleichberg , are a small one, up to 679 m above sea level. NHN high and inselberg- like soaring low mountain range in the southwestern part of Thuringia in Germany . They are just east of the old town of Römhild in the Hildburghausen district .
The Gleichberge are the most impressive witnesses of the tertiary volcanic activity of the Heldburg gang , which once stretched south of the Main from here .
geography
The Gleichberge, which mainly consists of the volcanic basalt cones of the Großer Gleichberg ( 679 m ) in the south and the Kleiner Gleichberg ( 641.3 m ) in the north, are located in the Hildburghausen district between Hildburghausen in Thuringia and Bad Königshofen in Franconia . They are located southwest of the Werra valley, a little east of Römhild , on the northeastern edge of the Grabfeld landscape .
To the west and north-west of the Gleichberge is the Rhön , to the northeast and east of the Thuringian Forest , to the southeast are the Long Mountains , to the south the Haßberge and to the southwest is the grave field , to which the Gleichberge are counted or are regarded as its highest elevations. At the foot of the Großer Gleichberg is the village of Gleichamberg , between the two Gleichbergs the Römhild district of Waldhaus.
The almost completely wooded Gleichberge have an extension of eight kilometers in north-south and three in east-west; its two peaks are just under three kilometers apart.
Waters
The Kleine Gleichberg is located on the Rhine-Weser watershed between Vogelsberg and Rhön (large landscape of the East Hessian mountains ) and the Long Mountains , which are immediately followed by the Thuringian Slate Mountains , where the watershed ends not far from the Werra spring . While the water of the spleen, which forms from various source rivers on the eastern saddle between the two mountains, flows southwest over the Franconian Saale and the Main into the Rhine , the short streams that arise on the extreme northeast side of the Kleiner Gleichberg and the elevations to the north of it drain , over the Werra into the Weser .
The Buchenhof , Haina and Römhild as well as Roth I and Roth II reservoirs are located in the landscape of the Gleichberge . The Roth I storage facility was drained in 2011 due to the possible uncertainty surrounding the dam. The other basins are used as fishing lakes and were used for agricultural irrigation.
Prehistory and early history
The prehistoric fortifications are now known as stone castles . Even during the basalt mining work for the construction of the Römhild - Hildburghausen road in the 19th century, prehistoric finds were repeatedly made on the Kleiner Gleichberg. A lot is known about the settlement of the Kleiner Gleichberg through the basalt mining and road construction as well as through some wall cuts, but the archaeological monuments were badly affected. However, three wall rings are still visible in the area. The Kleine Gleichberg was visited as early as the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age , but was probably not settled for a long time. However, a settlement probably existed in the Barrow Bronze Age , to which the tombs on the east side of the mountain belong.
Fortifications were built in the Urnfield Period and the mountain was more densely populated. After a settlement interruption, a settlement was only built on the Kleiner Gleichberg in the late Hallstatt period and the plateau was fortified. This settlement continued until the early La Tène period . In the middle Latène period, settlement activity probably declined. The settlement and fortifications were expanded in the late La Tène period, and this last phase may be the Oppidum Bikourgion mentioned by Ptolemy . The entire Latène period is represented with a large number of finds, particularly in the late Latène period, strong references to southern Germany can be identified. It can be assumed that the settlement on the Gleichberg played an important role in trade in this phase; several simultaneous settlements are known from the surrounding area.
In the Middle Ages, the Michaelskapelle was built on the Kleiner Gleichberg, of which the foundation walls can still be seen today.
Little is known of the Großer Gleichberg, however, as a Russian military post was located there until 1989.
In the stone castle museum , located on the saddle between the small and the big Gleichenberg is, many of the prehistoric finds are on display.
Mountain world
The mountains, hilltops and elevations of the Gleichberge and their foothills lying close to each other include - sorted by height in meters (m) above sea level (NHN):
- Großer Gleichberg ( 679 m ), with cell phone mast
- Kleiner Gleichberg ( 641.3 m ), with Steinsburg (Oppidum rest)
- Kuppe ( 528.9 m ), north of the Kleiner Gleichberg
- Schwanberg ( 518.5 m ), north-northwest of the Kleiner Gleichberg
- Schwabhäuser Berg ( 511 m ), northwest of the Kleiner Gleichberg
- Rother Kopf ( 455.8 m ), northeast of the Großer Gleichberg
- Altenburg ( 435.8 m ), northwest of the Großer Gleichberg
- Hartenberg ( 404 m ), northwest of the Großer Gleichberg, former location of the medieval Hartenburg
- Eichelberg ( 381.6 m ), west of the Kleiner Gleichberg, on the southwest slope is the Römhild reservoir
More pictures
View from Simmersberg ( 781 m ) in the Thuringian Slate Mountains to the Gleichberge, 24 km away. On the right in the background the Hohe Rhön with the Kreuzberg ( 927.8 m ) 67 km away , immediately in front of it (half right in the middle) the Ratscher Bergsee 7 km away
View from the direction of Haina to the Gleichbergen
View from the Schwedenschanze (Haßberge, Lower Franconia) to the Gleichbergen
Thuringia view from the Großer Gleichberg
View from the southern tip of the acropolis of the Kleiner Gleichberg to Römhild
literature
- The Gleichberg area (= values of the German homeland . Volume 6). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1963.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Article Now the reservoir is completely empty , on insuedthueringen.de, accessed on November 24, 2014
- ↑ a b c Markus Schußmann: The Celts in Bavaria - With ground monuments and museums , Treuchtlingen / Berlin 2007, edition 3, ISBN 9783934145504 , pp. 97–99
Web links
- Römhild, Gleichberge and Steinsburg , on naturparkreisen.de
- Steinsberg Museum, State Office for Archeology with Museum for Pre- and Early History, on thueringen.de